Pyramid of Amenemhet I

The structure.

The Pyramid of Amenemhet I is an Egyptian burial structure built at Lisht by the founder of Egypt's 12th dynasty, Amenemhet I. This structure returned to the approximate size and form of old kingdom Pyramids.[1] It also established a new tradition though of giving each component structure in the pyramid complex its own unique name.The structures together were known as "The places of the appearances of Amenemhet".[1]

Construction

Archaeological evidence suggests that Amenemhet started to build his pyramid at Thebes but for unknown reasons switched his capital and the location of his pyramid to Lisht.[2] The pyramid upon its completion rose to a height of 55 m, with a base length of 83 m and a slope of 54 degrees.[1] The core of the pyramid was made with small rough blocks of local limestone with a loose fill of sand debris and mud brick. Some of the limestone was stripped from other monuments, blocks of stone from the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre, Unas and Pepi II (or possibly Pepi I) have been found in the pyramid.[3][2] Inside the pyramid a sloped shaft blocked with granite plugs upon burial ran from the ground level entrance chapel to a vertical shaft that descended directly to the burial chamber.[1] The overall construction of the pyramid was poor and little of it remains today.[4]

Excavation

The entrance

The first excavation of the site was undertaken by Maspero, a French egyptologist, in 1882. His work as later continued by a French archaeological expedition under the direction of Gautier and Jéquier in 1894 and 1895. The investigations were continued from 1920 to 1934 by Albert Lythgoe and Arthur Mace in a team from the Metropolitan Museum in New York. By the time of these excavations the pyramid had undergone much disintegration and is now only 20 meters high with most of the surrounding complex gone.[5] None of the expeditions successfully explored the interior of the pyramid due to the internal passageways being flooded with groundwater.

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See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lehner, M. (1997b). The Complete Pyramids. London:Thames and Hudson ltd. ISBN 0-500-05084-8
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Egypt sites - egyptsites.wordpress.com
  3. ↑ Hans Goedicke, Re-used blocks from the pyramid of Amenemhet I at Lisht. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY, 1971
  4. ↑ Encyclopedia of the Orient
  5. ↑ The Pyramids of Egypt

External links