Public Performance Measure

The Public Performance Measure (PPM) is a measure of the punctuality and reliability of passenger trains in Britain. It is the percentage of scheduled trains which successfully run their entire planned route, calling at all timetabled stations, and arrive at their terminating station 'on time',^[1] where 'on time' means within five minutes of the scheduled destination arrival time for London and South East and regional operators (i.e. commuter services), or within ten minutes for long-distance operators.^[2]

It is the industry standard measurement of performance,^[1] and has been used since 6 June 2000.^[3]

The target for PPM varies each year, and is agreed with the Office of Rail Regulation, who in October 2013 said that, "Network Rail should... ensure that 92.5% of trains arrive on time nationally by 2019 (as measured using PPM), compared to 90.7% today."^[4]

Criticisms

• PPM doesn't measure strict punctuality − whether a train arrived strictly on time − but has an inbuilt margin for lateness. This means that a train can be 'on time' according to PPM, but still late enough for passengers to miss their connections. It also means there can be, or appear to be, a difference between the rail industry's perception of what is success, and that of passengers.^[5][6]
• PPM doesn't reflect passenger experience, as no weight is given to the number of passengers on each train − a late night service with few passengers on is counted the same as a rush hour service. Therefore, according to PPM, a near-empty train which arrives 6 minutes late is worse than a fully loaded commuter train which arrives 4 minutes late. As busier rush hour trains are more likely to be delayed than off peak trains, PPM scores are likely to be higher than what most passengers experience.
• As only the time at the terminating station is recorded, a train could have been late at some of its intermediate stations, affecting passengers alighting at those stops, and this would not be recorded. This is particularly the case for timetables with 'backloading', which is when extra minutes are built into the final leg of the journey as 'catch-up' time.
• If a different type or size train is run than originally scheduled, then this doesn't count as a PPM fail. Therefore if a train is run with fewer carriages than normal, meaning that some passengers are unable to board who would normally be able to do so, the train can still be a PPM success.

References