Pseudonocardiaceae

Pseudonocardiaceae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Actinobacteria
Class:	Actinobacteria Stackebrant et al. 1997
Subclass:	Actinobacteridae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Zhi et al. 2009
Order:	Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 emend. Zhi et al. 2009
Suborder:	Pseudonocardineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 emend. Labeda et al. 2011
Family:	Pseudonocardiaceae Embley et al. 1989 emend. Labeda et al. 2011
Genera
Actinoalloteichus Tamura et al. 2000 Actinokineospora Hasegawa 1988 emend. Labeda et al. 2010 Actinomycetospora Jiang et al. 2008 emend. Tamura et al. 2011 Actinophytocola Indananda et al. 2010 Actinosynnema Hasegawa et al. 1978 Alloactinosynnema Yuan et al. 2010 Allokutzneria Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2008 Amycolatopsis Lechevalier et al. 1986 emend. Tang et al. 2010 Crossiella Labeda 2001 Goodfellowiella Labeda et al. 2008 Haloechinothrix Tang et al. 2010 Kibdelosporangium Shearer et al. 1986 Kutzneria Stackebrandt et al. 1994 Lechevalieria Labeda et al. 2001 Lentzea Yassin et al. 1995 emend. Labeda et al. 2001 Prauseria ♠ Zhou et al. 1997 Prauserella Kim and Goodfellow 1999 emend. Li et al. 2003 Pseudonocardia Henssen 1957 emend. Park et al. 2008 Saccharomonospora Nonomura and Ohara 1971 Saccharopolyspora Lacey and Goodfellow 1975 emend. Korn-Wendisch et al. 1989 Saccharothrix Labeda et al. 1984 emend. Labeda and Lechevalier 1989 Saccharothrixopsis ♠ Wang et al. 1999 Sciscionella Tian et al. 2009 Streptoalloteichus (ex Tomita et al. 1978) Tomita et al. 1987 emend. Tamura et al. 2008 Thermobispora Wang et al. 1996 Thermocrispum Korn-Wendisch et al. 1995 Umezawaea Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2007 Yuhushiella Mao et al. 2011

The Pseudonocardiaceae are a family of bacteria in the order Actinomycetales and the only member of the suborder Pseudonocardineae.

Genomics

The species within the Pseudonocardiaceae family form a distinct clade in phylogenetic trees based on concatenated protein sequences. Additionally, Nakamurella multipartite, currently part of the order Frankiales, also formed a clade with the Pseudonocardiaceae species in 100% of the bootstrap replications of the phylogenetic trees. A conserved signature indel has been identified which is found in N. multipartite and all but one of the Pseudonocardiaceae species. This one-amino-acid insertion in UMP kinase serves to both provide a molecular marker for nearly all of the Pseudonocardiaceae and suggests N. multipartite is closely related to this group. Some evidence also suggests the orders Pseudonocardiales and Corynebacteriales are closely related. Several conserved signature indels have been identified which are found in both Pseudonocardiales and Corynebacteriales, including a three-amino-acid insertion in a conserved region of UDP-galactopyranose mutase. This insertion is also present in N. multipartite and Geodermatophilus obscurus, another member of Frankiales. Additionally, five conserved signature proteins have been identified which are found only in the Pseudonocardiales and Corynebacteriales orders. Homologs of the proteins are generally found in N. multipartite and G. obscurus, providing additional evidence of these two species being closely related to the orders Pseudonocardiales and Corynebacteriales.^[1]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ^[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information ^[3] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 by The All-Species Living Tree Project ^[4]

?Prauseria hordei ♠ Zhou et al. 1997

?Saccharothrixopsis albidus ♠ Wang et al. 1999

Umezawaea tangerina (Kinoshita et al. 2000) Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2007

	Goodfellowiella coeruleoviolacea (Preobrazhenskaya and Terekhova 1987) Labeda et al. 2008

	Actinoalloteichus Tamura et al. 2000

Kutzneria Stackebrandt et al. 1994

Crossiella Labeda 2001

'Actinosynnematoideae'

Actinokineospora fastidiosa (Henssen et al. 1987) Labeda et al. 2010

	Actinokineospora cibodasensis Lisdiyanti et al. 2010

	Alloactinosynnema album Yuan et al. 2010

Allokutzneria albata (Tomita et al. 1993) Labeda and Kroppenstedt 2008

Lechevalieria flava (Gauze et al. 1974) Labeda et al. 2001

Lechevalieria species-group 2

Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes (Labeda 1986) Labeda et al. 2001 (type sp.)

Actinokineospora

Lentzea Yassin et al. 1995 emend. Labeda et al. 2001

	Actinosynnema Hasegawa et al. 1978

	Saccharothrix Labeda et al. 1984 emend. Labeda and Lechevalier 1989

'Pseudonocardioideae'

Streptoalloteichus (ex Tomita et al. 1978) Tomita et al. 1987 emend. Tamura et al. 2008

Kibdelosporangium Shearer et al. 1986

	Actinomycetospora Jiang et al. 2008 emend. Tamura et al. 2011

	Pseudonocardia Henssen 1957 emend. Park et al. 2008

Actinophytocola Indananda et al. 2010

Saccharopolyspora Lacey and Goodfellow 1975 emend. Korn-Wendisch et al. 1989 [incl. Actinopolyspora]

Saccharomonospora Nonomura and Ohara 1971 [incl. Actinopolyspora iraqiensis, Micropolyspora internatus & Prauserella]

Thermocrispum Korn-Wendisch et al. 1995

Yuhushiella deserti Mao et al. 2011

	Haloechinothrix alba Tang et al. 2010

	Sciscionella marina Tian et al. 2009

Amycolatopsis species-group 2

Amycolatopsis Lechevalier et al. 1986 emend. Tang et al. 2010

Notes:
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature

References

↑ Gao, B.; Gupta, R. S. (2012). "Phylogenetic Framework and Molecular Signatures for the Main Clades of the Phylum Actinobacteria". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 76 (1): 66–112. doi:10.1128/MMBR.05011-11. PMC 3294427. PMID 22390973.
↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Pseudonocardiaceae". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature . Retrieved 2011-11-17.
↑ Sayers et al. "Pseudonocardiaceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information taxonomy database . Retrieved 2011-06-05.
↑ All-Species Living Tree Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)". Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database . Retrieved 2011-11-17.