Proto-Loloish language
The Proto-Loloish language is the reconstructed ancestor of the Loloish languages. Reconstructions include those of David Bradley (1979), James Matisoff (2003), and Ziwo Lama (2012).
Li (2011)
Li Yongsui (2011) reconstructs Proto-Lolo-Burmese (Proto-Mian-Yi 缅彝) based on 30 languages.
Lama (2012)
Lama (2012) reconstructs 37 consonants for Proto-Loloish (which he calls Proto-Nisoic), 7 of which (marked in green) can occur as syllable finals. The glides /w/ and /j/ occur medially.
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Alveolo-palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | Voiceless | p | t | ts | tɕ | k | ʔ | ||||||
| Voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | tɕʰ | kʰ | h | |||||||
| Voiced | b | d | dz | dʑ | ɡ | ||||||||
| Prenasalized | mb | nd | ndz | ȵdʑ | ŋɡ | ||||||||
| Fricatives | Voiceless | s | x | ||||||||||
| Voiced | z | ʑ | ɣ | ||||||||||
| Nasals | Voiced | m | n | ȵ | ŋ | ||||||||
| Liquids and Glides |
Voiced | -w- | l | r | -j- | ||||||||
- Vowels (8): /i/, /y/, /ɯ/, /u/, /e/, /o/, /ɔ/, /a/
- Tones (5): 1, 2, 3, H, L
References and notes
- Bradley, David. 1979. Proto-Loloish. London: Curzon Press. ISBN 978-0-7007-0128-5.
- Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan. 2012. Subgrouping Of Nisoic (Yi) Languages: A Study From The Perspectives Of Shared Innovation And Phylogenetic Estimation. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Arlington.
- Li Yongsui [李永燧]. 2011. Burmo-Yi Phonology [缅彝语音韵学]. Beijing: China Social Sciences Academy Press.
- Matisoff, James. 2003. Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman: System and Philosophy of Sino-Tibetan Reconstruction. University of California publications in linguistics, v. 135. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-09843-5.
See also
- Proto-Tibeto-Burman language
- Lolo–Burmese languages
- Loloish languages
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