Pluot

A Raspberry Jewel pluot, before and after cutting

Look up plumcot, pluot, or aprium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Pluots, apriums, apriplums, or plumcots, are some of the hybrids between different Prunus species that are also called interspecific (or IS) plums. In the United States and Canada, these fruits are known by most regulatory agencies as interspecific plums. Whereas plumcots and apriplums are first-generation hybrids between a plum parent (P. salicina or P. cerasifera or their hybrids), and an apricot (P. armeniaca), pluots and apriums are later-generations.^[1][2] Both names "plumcot" and "apriplum" have been used for trees derived from a plum seed parent, and are therefore equivalent. ^{[3] [4]}

Plumcots/apriplums

Natural plumcots/apriplums have been known for hundreds of years from regions of the world that grow both plums and apricots from seed.^[5] The name plumcot was created by Luther Burbank.^[6] Plumcot tree was asexually reproduced by budding ^[3] whereas apriplum tree was a result from pollination and it is self-unfruitful.^[4]

Pluots

Pluots /ˈpluːɒt/^[7] are later-generations that show more plum than apricot characteristics; the fruit's exterior has smooth skin closely resembling that of a plum. Pluots were developed in the late 20th century by Floyd Zaiger,^[8] and "Pluot" is a registered trademark of Zaiger's Genetics. The Pluot was featured on an Andy Rooney segment on 60 Minutes.^[9]

Apriums

Rose apriums

Apriums are complex plum-apricot hybrids that show more apricot traits and flavor,^[1] genetically they are one-fourth (25%) plum and three-fourths (75%) apricot. Aprium varieties were developed in the late 1980s by Floyd Zaiger, and "Aprium" is a registered trademark of Zaiger's Genetics.

Apriums resemble apricots on the outside. The flesh is usually dense. Apriums are noted for their sweet taste, due to their high content of fructose and other complex sugars. Apriums are usually only available early in the fruit season, like apricots and unlike pluots, which include some very late-ripening varieties.

Aprium trees grow quickly and are smaller compared to other common home-grown apricots. The fruit is gold, with red coloration. Semi-mature fruit is hard and does not ripen if picked before completely mature.

Varieties

Plumcot varieties

Splash Pluot

Plumcot varieties include:

• Flavorosa: very sweet, medium-sized, flat round dark-purple fruit with red flesh, early ripening
• Flavor Royal: very sweet, medium-sized, dark purple with crimson flesh, early ripening
• Eagle Egg: very sweet, medium-sized, dark red with crimson flesh, early mid season
• Amigo: rosy plum flavors with a hint of berry, red skin with red bleeding to yellow flesh, early mid season
• Tropical Plumana: sugary tropical punch flavor, medium-sized, red over greenish yellow background with yellow flesh, early mid season
• Crimson Sweet: sweet flavor, medium-sized, crimson skin with pinkish flesh, mid season
• Dapple Jack: medium size with mottled pale green, red-spotted skin, red juicy flesh, late mid season
• Sweet Treat: super sweet with hints of Thompson grape flavor, green, golden skin with yellow juicy flesh, late mid season
• Flavor Queen: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet, golden yellow when fully ripe, late season
• Dapple Dandy: large size with mottled pale green, red-spotted skin, red or pink juicy flesh, late season, firm fleshed and easily shipped
• Flavor Grenade: large size, oblong shape with red blush on green background, crisp, refreshing pineapple and juicy apple flavor, late season
• Summer Punch: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet with berry and melon undertones, late season
• Tropical Sunrise: Yellow to orange color skin with red blush and orange flesh, sweet plum and apricot flavors
• Flavor King: fruit punch flavor, medium size, with burgundy skin and red, super sweet, juicy flesh, late season
• King Kong: very large size with black skin, plum-like flavor with hints of almond
• Flavor Fall: large size, average flavor, red skin with yellow flesh, very late season

Pluot varieties

Flavorosa pluot

Dapple Dandy pluot

Splash pluot on tree

Pluot varieties include:^[10]

• Dapple Dandy: large size with mottled pale green to yellow, red-spotted skin, red or pink juicy flesh, firm flesh, moderately late ripening.
  • 'Dinosaur egg' is a trademarked name for Dapple Dandy variety.^[11]
• Early Dapple: good flavor, medium-sized, mottled green over red skin with pink flesh, early ripening
• Emerald Drop: medium to large size, green skin and yellow-orange flesh, moderately late ripening
• Flavor Delight: medium-sized, fuchsia-honey colored skin with pink flesh, early ripening
• Flavor Fall: large size, average flavor, red skin with yellow flesh, late ripening
• Flavor Finale: medium to large size, purple-red skin with amber-red flesh, exceptional complex flavor, late ripening
• Flavor Grenade: large size, oblong shape with red blush on green background, yellow juicy flesh, moderately late ripening
• Flavor Heart: very large, black with a heart shape, and yellow flesh
• Flavor Jewel: sweet flavor, heart shaped, red over yellow skin with yellow flesh
• Flavor King: Fruit punch flavor, medium size, with burgundy skin and red super sweet juicy flesh, moderately late ripening, flesh is hard until fully ripe
• Flavor Prince: large round and purple, with red flesh
• Flavor Penguin: medium size, early ripening grown in a humid climate
• Flavor Queen: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet, golden yellow when fully ripe, midseason
• Flavor Rich: medium-sweet, large black round fruit with orange flesh
• Flavor Royal: very sweet, medium-sized, dark purple with crimson flesh, very early ripening
• Flavor Supreme: medium or large, greenish purple skin, juicy red flesh
• Flavorich: large size, dark purple skin and firm, sweet, yellow-orange flesh, moderately late ripening
• Flavorosa: very sweet, medium-sized, flat, round, dark-purple fruit with red flesh, very early ripening
• Geo Pride: medium size, red-skin and yellow flesh, balanced acid-sugar, predominately sweet with unique plum/apricot flavor, moderately late ripening
• Raspberry Jewel: medium, dark red skin, brilliant red, honey-sweet flesh^[12]
• Red Ray: medium, bright red with dense, sweet orange flesh
• Splash: small to medium red-orange fruit, with very sweet orange flesh, midseason

Aprium varieties

Aprium varieties include:^[13][14]

• Cot-N-Candy : harvests in early to mid June, flesh is extra sweet and juicy, with a plumy aftertaste, size is 2.0 to 2.5 inches in radius on average, self-fruitful
• Flavor Delight : resembles an apricot, but with a distinctive flavor and texture all its own, pleasant, lingering aftertaste, bigger crops if pollenized by any apricot
• Tasty Rich Aprium: Very early harvests, in May. Light yellow-orange, firm, freestone. Flavor predominantly apricot, with pleasant aftertaste ^[15]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prunus pluot.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to apriums.

• Nectaplum
• Peacotum
• Prunus brigantina, an apricot species with smooth-skinned fruit
• Prunus dasycarpa, an apricot hybrid known as "black apricot" or "purple apricot"

References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chip Brantley (2009). The perfect fruit: good breeding, bad seeds, and the hunt for the elusive pluot (snippet view). New York: Bloomsbury, USA. 
2. ↑ Brantley, Chip (2009-08-19). "Plu-What? What's the difference between pluots and plumcots?". Slate. 
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 US patent PP4338 Plumcot tree
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 US patent PP19519
5. ↑ Okie, W.R. 2005. Spring satin plumcot. Journal of American Pomological Society. 59(3):119-124.abstract
6. ↑ J. Whitson; R. John; H.S. Williams, ed. (1914). "Chapter 7: How far can plant improvement go? The crossroads — where fact and theory seem to part". Luther Burbank: his methods and discoveries and their practical application 1. Luther Burbank Press. pp. 211–244. 
7. ↑ "Pluot". Oxford English Dictionary Online (subscription required). Draft entry, September 2006. Retrieved 2009-07-03.  Check date values in: |date= (help)
8. ↑ Okie, W.R. 2005. Spring satin plumcot. Journal of American Pomological Society. 59(3):119-124.
9. ↑ CBS News 60 Minutes
10. ↑ Centers for Disease Control, Fruit of the month
11. ↑ Kingsburg Orchards web site
12. ↑ theproduceguide.com listing for Raspberry Jewel pluot
13. ↑ davewilson.com
14. ↑ aprium-facts from grownincalifornia.com
15. ↑ Tasty Rich Aprium, davewilson.com