Pipunculidae
| Pipunculidae Temporal range: Ypresian - Present | |
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| Nephrocerus scutellatus specimen | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Superfamily: | Syrphoidea |
| Family: | Pipunculidae |
| Subfamilies | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Pipunculidae is a family of flies (Diptera) commonly termed big-headed flies, a reference to the large (holoptic) eyes, which cover nearly the entire head. The family is found worldwide and more than 1300 species have been described.
The larvae of Pipunculidae develop as parasitoids almost exclusively in Auchenorrhyncha, the exception being the genus Nephrocerus, whose hosts are adult Tipulidae (crane flies). The larvae develop rapidly within the crane flies before pupating in the soil.[1] In all pipunculids there are only two larval stages. Some species are used as biological control agents in rice fields.
Taxonomy
Taxonomy as shown at the Tree of life,[2] with modification based on Kehlmaier, Dierick and Skevington (2014).[3] Subfamily Chalarinae
- Genus Chalarus
- Genus Jassidophaga
- Genus †Protoverrallia
- Genus Verrallia
Subfamily Nephrocerinae
- Tribe Nephrocerini
- Genus Nephrocerus
- Tribe incertae sedis
- Genus †Priabona
Subfamily Protonephrocerinae
- Genus Protonephrocerus
- Genus †Metanephrocerus
Metanephrocerus belgardeae
Subfamily Pipunculinae
- Tribe Cephalopsini
- Genus Cephalops
- Genus Cephalosphaera
- Tribe Microcephalopsini
- Genus Collinias
- Genus Microcephalops
- Tribe Eudorylini
- Genus Allomethus
- Genus Amazunculus
- Genus Basileunculus
- Genus Claraeola
- Genus Clistoabdominalis
- Genus Dasydorylas
- Genus Elmohardyia
- Genus Eudorylas
- Tribe Tomosvaryellini
- Genus Dorylomorpha
- Genus Tomosvaryella
- Tribe incertae sedis
- Genus Pipunculus
See also
List of British Pipunculidae
References
- ↑ Koenig, D.P. & C.W. Young. (January 2007). "First observation of parasitic relations between bigheaded flies of the genus Nephrocerus (Diptera: Pipunculidae) and crane flies of the genus Tipula (Diptera: Tupulidae: Tipulinae), with larval and puparial descriptions of Nephrocerus atrapilus Skevington.". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington (Washington DC: Allen Press/The Entomological Society of Washington) 109 (1): 52–65. ISSN 0013-8797.
- ↑ Pipunculidae at the Tree of life
- ↑ Kehlmaier, C; Dierick, M; Skevington, JH (2014). "Micro-CT studies of amber inclusions reveal internal genitalic features of big-headed flies, enabling a systematic placement of Metanephrocerus Aczel, 1948 (Insecta: Diptera: Pipunculidae)". Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 72 (1): 23–36.
External links
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Wikispecies has information related to: Pipunculidae |
- Kehlmaier on Pipunculidae Dedicated site
- Scientific paper on Pipunculidae with structural diagrams
- Images at BugGuide
- Gallery at Diptera.info
- Family Pipunculidae at EOL Image Gallery
- West Palaearctic including Russia
- Nearctic
- Japan
- World list
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