Pinus echinata

Pinus echinata
Shortleaf Pine forest
Conservation status

Least Concern  (IUCN 2.3)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Subgenus: Pinus
Species: P. echinata
Binomial name
Pinus echinata
Mill.
Natural range of shortleaf pine

Pinus echinata (Shortleaf Pine) is a species of pine native to the eastern United States from southern New York south to northern Florida, west to the extreme southeast of Kansas, and southwest to eastern Texas. The tree is variable in form, sometimes straight, sometimes crooked, with an irregular crown. This tree reaches heights of 20–30 metres (66–98 ft) with a trunk diameter of 0.5–0.9 metres (1 ft 8 in–2 ft 11 in).

The leaves are needle-like, in bundles of two and three mixed together, and from 7–11 centimetres (2.8–4.3 in) long. The cones are 4–7 centimetres (1.6–2.8 in) long, with thin scales with a transverse keel and a short prickle. They open at maturity but are persistent.

Shortleaf pine seedlings develop a persistent J-shaped crook near the ground surface.[2] Axillary and other buds form near the crook and initiate growth if the upper stem is killed by fire or is severed.

This pine is a source of wood pulp, plywood veneer, and lumber for a variety of uses. The Shortleaf Pine is one of the southern US "yellow" pines; it is also occasionally called Southern Yellow pine or the Shortstraw Pine. Shortleaf Pine has the largest range of the southern US yellow pines.

This pine occupies a variety of habitats from rocky uplands to wet flood plains. It frequently hybridizes naturally with Loblolly Pine and Pitch Pine where their ranges intersect.

References

  1. ↑ International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Pinus echinata.
  2. ↑ USDA FS: Silvics of Trees of North America: Pinus echinata

External links