Pierre Mac Orlan

Pierre Mac Orlan

Pierre Mac Orlan, sometimes written MacOrlan (born Pierre Dumarchey, February 26, 1882 – June 27, 1970), was a French novelist and songwriter.

His novel Quai des Brumes was the source for Marcel Carné's 1938 film of the same name, starring Jean Gabin. He was also a prolific writer of chansons, many of which were recorded and popularized by French singers such as Juliette Gréco, Monique Morelli, Catherine Sauvage, and Germaine Montero.

Life

Born in Péronne, Somme in northern France, Mac Orlan lived in Rouen and Paris as a young man, working at a variety of jobs and learning to play the accordion. In his twenties, he travelled widely in Europe, before returning to Paris and becoming a noted figure in Bohemian art circles. In particular, his song performances were a regular feature at the Lapin Agile cabaret.[1] During this period, he was part of a broad circle of writers and painters including Max Jacob, Guillaume Apollinaire, Maurice Utrillo and Francis Carco.

He fought in the war against Germany until wounded in 1916, after which he worked as a war correspondent. In later years he earned a living as a writer in Saint Cyr-sur-Morin, outside Paris. In the late 1920s he became an influential critic of film and photography, writing important essays about the work of Eugène Atget, Germaine Krull and others.

Works

In addition to Quai des Brumes, his many novels included A Bord de l'Etoile Matutine, translated into English by Malcolm Cowley as On Board the Morning Star, and La Bandera (1931). Among the popular chansons written by Mac Orlan are "Fille de Londres", "Le Pont du Nord" and "Nelly". The French singer Germaine Montero released an extensive set of her interpretations of Mac Orlan songs on the CD Meilleur de Germaine Montero.

Using his real name, Pierre Dumarchey, and various pseudonyms including: Docteur Fowler, Pierre du Bourdel, Pierre de Jusange, Sadie Blackeyes,[2] Chevalier de X, and Sadinet,[3] he was for several years a writer of pornographic novels, which frequently depicted flagellation and sado-masochism.[4] Some of these titles include: La Comtesse au fouet (1908), the story of a cruel dominatrix, Les Grandes Flagellees de l'histoire (1909), Lise Fessee (1910), Masochism in America (1910), Miss (1912), and Petite dactylo et autres textes de flagellation (1913).[2][3][5] He said to Pascal Pia that he used the Dumarchey name to upset that uncle of his that made him carry on a hard life.[6]

Influences and legacy

The French writer and political theorist Guy Debord, founder of the Situationist International was a constant reader of Mac Orlan's novels of urban adventure and "low life".[7][8] The well-known photographer of New York in the 1930s Berenice Abbott was highly influenced by Mac Orlan's writings on the "fantastique" and the "social fantastique".[9] And the physicist Freeman Dyson, in his 2008 AMS Albert Einstein Lecture, interprets MacOrlan's song La Ville Morte ("The Dead City") as an example of the "empty city archetype", a Jungian archetype as described by mathematician Yuri I. Manin.[10]

References

  1. ↑ Francis Carco, The Last Bohemia translated Madeline Boyd, Henry Holt & Company, New York 1928
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pia, Pascal (1978). Les Livres de l'Enfer: bibliographie critique des ouvrages érotiques dans leurs différentes éditions du XVIe sièlce à nos jours. C. Coulet et A. Faure. p. 546. ISBN 2-902687-01-X.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Baritaud, Bernard (1992). Pierre Mac Orlan. Sa vie, son temps. Histoire des idées et critique littéraire 313. Librairie Droz. p. 341. ISBN 2-600-03693-8.
  4. ↑ Kearney, Patrick J. (1982). A history of erotic literature. Parragon. p. 161. ISBN 1-85813-198-7.
  5. ↑ Harris, P. R. (1991). The Library of the British Museum: retrospective essays on the Department of Printed Books. British Library. p. 222. ISBN 0-7123-0242-5.
  6. ↑ Pascal Pia, Les Livres de l'enfer, du XVIe siècle à nos jours (1978), quoted by Bernard Baritaud, op. cit., p.27.
  7. ↑ Andy Merrifield (2005) Guy Debord - (Critical Lives), Reaktion Books, London 2005, pp.145–6
  8. ↑ Andy Merrifield (2004) The sentimental city: the lost urbanism of Pierre Mac Orlan and Guy Debord, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, pages 930–940, December 2004
  9. ↑ See Peter Barr's PhD dissertation "Becoming Documentary: Berenice Abbott's Photographs, 1929–1939" (Boston University, 1997)
  10. ↑ Freeman J. Dyson (February 2009). "Birds and Frogs" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society 56 (2): 222.

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