Phytophthora cambivora
| Phytophthora cambivora | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Chromalveolata |
| Phylum: | Heterokontophyta |
| Class: | Oomycetes |
| Order: | Peronosporales |
| Family: | Pythiaceae |
| Genus: | Phytophthora |
| Species: | P. cambivora |
| Binomial name | |
| Phytophthora cambivora (Petri) Buisman, (1927) | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Blepharospora cambivora Petri, (1917) | |
Phytophthora cambivora is a plant pathogen that causes Ink disease in European Chestnut trees (Castanea sativa). Ink disease, also caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is thought to have been present in Europe since the 18th century and causes chestnut trees to wilt and die, major epidemics occurred during the 19th and 20th centuries. P. cinnamomi and P. cambivora are now present throughout Europe and since the 1990s Ink disease has resurged, often causing high mortality of trees, particularly in Portugal, Italy and France.[1] It has also been isolated from a number of different species since the 1990s including:
- Golden chinquapin trees, (Chrysolepis chrysophylla) in Oregon, USA.[2]
- Rhododendron and Pieris species in North Carolina, USA.[3]
- Noble Fir trees (Abies procera) in Norway.[4]
- Beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) in Italy[5] and Germany.[6]
Some species of mycorrhiza (including Amanita muscaria, Suillellus luridus and Hebeloma radicosum) may provide protection from P. cambivora in European Chestnuts.[7]
See also
References
- ↑ Robin, Cécile; Olivier Morel, Anna-Maria Vettraino, Charikleia Perlerou, Stephanos Diamandis and Andrea Vannini (1 May 2006). "Genetic variation in susceptibility to Phytophthora Cambivora in European chestnut (Castanea sativa)". Forest Ecology and Management 226 (1-3): 199–207. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.01.035.
- ↑ Saavedra, A; E. M. Hansen and D. J. Goheen (19 Nov 2007). "Phytophthora cambivora in Oregon and its pathogenicity to Chrysolepis chrysophylla". Forest Pathology 37 (6): 409–419. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2007.00515.x. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ Hwang, J; Warfield, CY and Benson, DM (June 2006). "Phytophthora cambivora, a new dieback pathogen of rhododendron and Pieris in North Carolina". Phytopathology 96 (6): supplement pages 185–186. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ Talgø, V; M. Herrero; B. Toppe; S. Klemsdal; A. Stensvand (May 2006). "First Report of Root Rot and Stem Canker Caused by Phytophthora cambivora on Noble Fir (Abies procera) for Bough Production in Norway". Plant Disease 90 (5): 682. doi:10.1094/PD-90-0682B. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ Belisario, A; M. Maccaroni and M. Vettorazzo (October 2006). "First Report of Phytophthora cambivora Causing Bleeding Cankers and Dieback on Beech (Fagus sylvatica) in Italy". Plant Disease 90 (10): 1362. doi:10.1094/PD-90-1362C. Retrieved 2009-07-09.
- ↑ Hartmann, G; Blank, R and Kunca, A. "Collar rot of Fagus sylvatica caused by Phytophthora cambivora - type of damage, endangered sites and susceptible hosts in Northwestern Germany.".
- ↑ Landi, L; Mosca, M and Branzanti, M.B. (27–29 Mar 2006). "Interactions between mycorrhizic fungi and Phytophthora cambivora agent of ink disease in chestnut [Castanea sativa Mill.]". Italian Plant Protection Association. Biennial meeting. Retrieved 2009-07-09.