Perintalmanna

Perinthalmanna (pmna)
Town
Nickname(s): PMNA
Perinthalmanna (pmna)

Location in Kerala, India

Coordinates: 10°59′N 76°14′E / 10.98°N 76.23°ECoordinates: 10°59′N 76°14′E / 10.98°N 76.23°E
Country  India
State Kerala
District Malappuram
Area
  Total 34.41 km2 (13.29 sq mi)
Population (2001)
  Total 44,613
  Density 1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
Languages
  Official Malayalam, English
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 679322
Telephone code 04933
Vehicle registration KL-53
Website http://www.perinthalmannamunicipality.in

Perinthalmanna is a town and municipality in Malappuram district of Kerala. Perinthalmanna's name is derived from Perumthallu (Malayalam: പെരുന്തല്ല്, the native name for fight). It was the capital of Valluvanad, a princely state ruled by the Valluvakonathiris, a suspected branch of the Pallava dynasty of the ancient Tamil kingdoms. The members of the royal families are divided among them and living in four kovilakams: Aripra, Ayiranazi, Kadannamanna and Mankada.

Perinthalmanna is the location where the East India Company established their first high school, first court, first Taluk office, and more after the Malabar treaty. Perinthalmanna has four hospitals, including a medical college, attracting patients from other parts of Kerala and from outside of India. Due to the abundance of medical centers in town, it is now called the Hospital Town of Kerala. The town became a municipality on 10 February 1990.

Origin of the name

Etymologically, Perintalmanna derives its name from the Malayalam words "perum" (Malayalam: പെരും, meaning "big") + "thallu" (തല്ല്, meaning "fight") + "mannu" (മണ്ണ്, meaning "land") to mean "land of big, rigorous fights". The original word "Perumthallumannu" was replaced by "Perintalmanna" over time. The traditions associated with this ancient town state that in the olden days, sporting events, including martial activities, were organized under the leadership of Kakooth Nair's, the commander-in-chief of the Valluvakkonathiris. These sporting events were organized before Angadipuram Thirumandhamkunnu Temple (see below) festival, which was celebrated after the harvesting of crops in the month of Makara, which corresponds to the months of January/February of the Gregorian calendar. Another main event of the festival was the Aattakalam or the stage for Kathakali performance. People from a cross-section of the society participated in these festivities, and everyone wanted to see the place where the Perinthallu or Perumthallu (that is, the rigorous fighting) took place. It was a place situated to the east of Angadipuram, and became known as Perinthallu, and got modified to its present form of Perintalmanna under British influence.

History

In the olden days, Valluvanad was an independent princely state. The ruler of Valluvanad was a witness during the offering of the title deed by King Veeraraghava. After the death of Cheraman Perumal, Kerala was divided among the rulers of Thiruvithamcoore, Kochi, Kolothunaadu, Kurumbanadu and Valluvanad states. The post of the ruler of Valluvanad was known as Valluvakkonathiri. The eldest member of Ayirazhi- Kadannamanna-aripra 'Kovilakam' became the Valluvakkonathiri. At first, the capital of Valluvanad was Kuruvaand, and later, Angadipuram became the capital. As it was the land ruled by the Valluvakkonathiri, it came to be known as Valluvanad. Even at that time Perinthalmanna was considered to be the main center of Valluvanad. Both Perinthalmanna province and Angadipuram province were together known as Angadipuram. In the past, Perinthalmanna High School was known as Angadipuram Elementary School.

The British period

Background

From 1835 until the late 19th century, violent disturbances surfaced from time to time in different parts of the Malabar region, particularly in Eranad and Valluvanad, and the adjoining areas, which included Perintalmanna. These disturbances and uprisings were agrarian unrest. After these disturbances subsided, relative peace returned to an area approximately equivalent to the modern state of Kerala. Malabar came under the direct administrative control of the British raj, and was made a part of the Madras Presidency.

Mappila Rebellion

In 1921, the Mappila rebellion, also known as the Mopla riots, occurred. These incidents also affected Valluvanad. There were large-scale religious violence and riots in different parts of Valluvanad, followed by large-scale exodus of people from the affected areas. Those antisocial elements who were determined to fish in troubled waters, have largely contributed to give it a communal colour. Rumours were spread that large scale forcible conversions were taking place and those who resisted were massacred by the Mappila groups. The involvement of a large number of anti social elements in the violence and looting at Perinthalmanna made the then British Government to establish a police station and install imported communication equipment from France. It facilitated easy passage of messages to the superior officers. The available British records of 1921 incidents say that a large number of people from the surrounding places of Perinthalmanna were subjected to summary execution, for being defiant. An interesting part of the 1921 incidents is that there were very little Mappila families to receive the financial assistance and rations offered by the British government after the rebellion was crushed, as the Muslims themselves had reached the needy with their helping hand even before the government of the day had thought about it. This tendency of extending help to the needy with enthusiasm is a remarkable quality of the mappilas. An investigation carried out by Sir Logan, the Collector and District Magistrate of Wygram found that the report given by Sir Steinch, stating that the riots sprang from religious fanaticism, was wrong. Sir Logan was appointed as a special officer to investigate the matter and the truth behind the complaint that the landlords did not give land to construct mosques. The report submitted by Sir Logan stated that the Muslims considered it to be a religious right to take arms against the landlords who maltreated the tenants and the government which supported such landlords.

The looting of the government treasury by the rioters rocked Valluvanad. Rumours surrounding this looting instigated violence in Eranad and many other parts of Valluvanad, but most of the residents of Perintalmanna had, to a certain extent, refrained themselves from indulging in violence. The main reason for this was the social and cultural amity that existed in Perintalmanna for centuries.

Local self governance

Perintalmanna was at first under Malappuram Taluk board, and then under the Valluvanad Taluk board. This place became a Panchayat in 1933, and the Panchayat office was situated in the building where the lower primary school functioned. The first Panchayat president was P. Achuthan Menon. According to the local bodies Act, the Panchayat president was selected by organizing a public meeting and raising of hands to show support for a member. All the executive powers were vested on the Panchayat president.

Politics

E. M. S. Namboodiripad is often regarded as the most influential personality in post-colonial Kerala, He was born on 13 June 1909, at Elamkulam, in Perintalmanna taluk

Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad was born on 13 June 1909, as the son of Parameswaran Namboodirippad, at Elamkulam, in Perintalmanna taluk of the present Malappuram district into an aristocratic upper-caste Brahmin family.

Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad (13 June 1909 – 19 March 1998), popularly EMS, was an Indian communist politician and theorist, who served as the first Chief Minister of Kerala state in 1957–59 and then again in 1967–69. As a member of the Communist Party of India (CPI), he became the first non-Indian National Congress chief minister in the Indian republic. In 1964, he led a faction of the CPI that broke away to form the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM).

As chief minister, Namboodiripad pioneered radical land and educational reforms in Kerala, which helped it become the country's leader in social indicators. It is largely due to his commitment and guidance that the CPM, of which he was Politburo member and general secretary for 14 years, has become such a domineering political force, playing a vital role in India's new era of coalition politics.

Perinthalmanna assembly constituency is part of the Malappuram (Lok Sabha constituency)

Nalakath soopy is one influential politician from the town who has played a key role to accelerate the progress of the town

He came to active politics through the Muslim Students Federation and held high position in the party. He was elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Perinthalmanna Constituency in 1980 for the first time, and re elected to the Assembly in all the General Elections till 2001. Served as the Minister for Education from 2001 to 2004 in A.K. Antony Ministry..[1][2][3] Manjalamkuzhi Ali is the current MLA from the constituency

.[1]

Transportation

The Shoranur-Nilambur Railway Line passes through Angadipuram, which is a town merely 3 km from Perinthalmanna. The NH 213 passes through the town centre, crossing the Perumbilavu-Nilambur State Highway.

Train

Angadipuram, which is roughly 3 km (2 mi) from Perinthalmanna, has a busy railway station on the Shoranur-Nilambur railway line. There are 7 pairs of trains running daily in the Shoranur-Nilambur route via Angadipuram, including Rajyarani link Express to be linked and delinked with the Amritha express at Shornur.The introduction of the Rajyarani express was a great step forward to lessen the travel woes of commuters from Malappuram district towards the southern parts of Kerala including the capital city of Trivandrum where many people from this region travel to on official missions, political missions and other needs. There are increasing demands from many quarter to run it as an independent entity. Computerised reservation facility is available at Angadipuram Railway Station from 08:00 to 14:00 hours. Reservation for any train can be done here.

Buses

The town is on the NH 213 and well-connected. There is round-the-clock bus service to most parts of Kerala, and other states as well. There are two private bus stands and a K.S.R.T.C bus stand which is situated at the heart of the town. Frequent bus service to nearest localities are available during the wake up hours of the town from all the bus stands, and round the clock service is available from the K.S.R.T.C. stand to all parts of Kerala and south Indian states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.and Pondichery. There is high demand to start Perinthalmanna - Ernakulam Jetty service through Guruvayur

Airport

Calicut International Airport, Karippur is the nearest airport,and is located about 45 kilometers away from Perinthalmanna town. NH213 directly connects Perinthalmanna with Karippur.

Tourist Attractions

Places of interest

Festivals & Fairs

Pilgrim centres

Pilgrim centres of all religions abound in this tiny region. Religion is the heartbeat of this town, and the followers of all the major religions namely Hinduism, Islam and Christianity, have lived here for centuries. Together came up temples, mosques, churches and spiritual centers. There is a very long list of temples, mosques and tombs and churches spread all over Perinthalmanna.

One can see a large number of small Namaskara pallis in and around the town mainly on the shore of a thodu which have been in existence for centuries.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[2] Perinthalmanna had a population of 44,613. Males constituted 48% of the population and females 52%. Perinthalmanna has had an average literacy rate of 81%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 79%. In Perinthalmanna, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

The medical revolution

In this town of about 50,000 population, there are about 400 doctors practising their profession. There are 4 major tertiary care hospitals which have the most modern facilities at affordable costs. It costs around Rs. 20,000 for an angioplasty. The orthopaedics wing in one of the hospitals is considered to be among the best in the country and joint replacements are done at similar rates. It has already developed to be known as a medical town with people near and far relying on the major hospitals for treatment. A good number of Arab nationals also visit this place with their families for treatment. Apart from the private run hospitals, there is a MES medical college which admits students for MBBS and BDS courses. There is a Taluk hospital situated at the heart of the town which acts as a relief to the poor sections of society. The progress achieved by Perinthalmanna in such a short period of about 25 years can be attributed to the hospital industry. The flow of money from the gulf countries started with a large number of people from this region finding jobs abroad, especially in the gulf countries, earning money, and sending it to their families here. Some of those who had enough education were fortunate enough to land highly paid jobs abroad. The investment of such NRI money in various forms of business resulted in employing the local population here and thus contributing largely to the alleviation of unemployment. Two major tertiary hospitals, which have an international face, were ventures of NRIs. The setting up of a whole chain of hospitals across all classes of medicine, were triggered by the start of these two major tertiary care hospitals.

List of Hospitals in Perinthalmanna

Centres for Homeopathic & Ayurveda Treatments

Other Health Care Centres for Speciality Treatments

  • Dr.Shaji’s Advanced Diagnostic Centre
  • Dr.Shaji’s Open MRI & Electro Neuro Diagnostic Centre
  • NAHAS Skin Clinic, Advanced Laser Centre
  • CURE AND CARE - Skin Wellness Clinic
  • Dr. Salims Centre for Neuropsychiatry
  • Moulana Obesity & Diabetes Care Centre
  • Life Care Diagnostic Centre
  • Super Vision Lasik Laser Centre

Educational Institutions

The academic growth of Perintalmanna is best reflected with its number of educational institutions, including the Malappuram Centre of Alighar Muslim University(established in 2012) at Chelamala. There is a long list of schools and colleges spread all over Perintalmanna.

List of Schools in Perinthalmanna

List of Colleges in Perinthalmanna

Colleges of Medical Sciences

Arts and Science Colleges

Arabic Colleges

Training Institute

Technical institutes

Entertainment

Movie Theatres

Notable people

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Perinthalmanna.

External links