Percidae
| Percidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Percidae Rafinesque, 1815 |
| Genera[1] | |
| |
The Percidae are a family of perciform fish found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains about 200 species in 10 genera. The darters, perches, and their relatives are in this family; well-known species include the walleye, sauger, ruffe, and three species of perch. However, small fishes known as darters are also a part of this family.
This family is characterized by a greater or lesser degree of armour about the head, caused by the presence of teeth or spines on the cheeks and opercles (gill covers) or their edges, and by two narrow bands of numerous close-set teeth on the sides (palatines). Also, many percid fishes have a heart-shaped plate of teeth on the roof of the mouth (vomer). The shape of these fishes is usually somewhat oblong and laterally compressed. Their scales are generally harsh and rough to the feel, or ciliate. Percid fishes are among the most beautiful of the freshwater fishes due to their brilliant colors (red, brown, orange, and yellow are the most predominant tints).
Species
FishBase lists 204 species in 10 genera:
- Genus Ammocrypta (sand darters)
- Naked sand darter, A. beanii Jordan, 1877
- Florida sand darter, A. bifascia Williams, 1975
- Western sand darter, A. clara Jordan & Meek, 1885
- Southern sand darter, A. meridiana Williams, 1975
- Eastern sand darter, A. pellucida Agassiz, 1863
- Scaly sand darter, A. vivax Hay, 1882
- Genus Crystallaria
- Crystal darter, C. asprella Jordan, 1878
- Diamond darter, C. cincotta Welsh & Wood, 2008
- Genus Etheostoma (smoothbelly darters)
- Sharphead darter, E. acuticeps Bailey, 1959
- Coppercheek darter, E. aquali Williams & Etnier, 1978
- Redspot darter, E. artesiae Hay, 1881
- Mud darter, E. asprigene Forbes, 1878
- Cumberland snubnose darter, E. atripinne Jordan, 1877
- Conchos darter, E. australe Jordan, 1889
- Emerald darter, E. baileyi Page & Burr, 1982
- Teardrop darter, E. barbouri Kuehne & Small, 1971
- Splendid darter, E. barrenense Burr & Page, 1982
- Corrugated darter, ''E. basilare Page, Hardman & Near, 2003
- Warrior darter, E. bellator Suttkus & Bailey, 1993
- Orangefin darter, E. bellum Zorach, 1968
- Buffalo darter, E. bison Ceas & Page, 1997
- Greenside darter, E. blennioides Rafinesque, 1819
- Blenny darter, E. blennius Gilbert & Swain, 1887
- Slackwater darter, E. boschungi Wall & Williams, 1974
- Holiday darter, E. brevirostrum Suttkus & Etnier, 1991
- Brook darter, E. burri Ceas & Page, 1997
- Rainbow darter, E. caeruleum Storer, 1845
- Bluebreast darter, E. camurum Cope, 1870
- Chickasaw darter, E. cervus Powers & Mayden, 2003
- Vermilion darter, E. chermocki Boschung, Mayden & Tomelleri, 1992
- Relict darter, E. chienense Page & Ceas, 1992
- Greenfin darter, E. chlorobranchium Zorach, 1972
- Bluntnose darter, E. chlorosoma (Hay, 1881)
- Lipstick darter, E. chuckwachatte Mayden & Wood, 1993
- Ashy darter, E. cinereum Storer, 1845
- Creole darter, E. collettei Birdsong & Knapp, 1969
- Carolina darter, E. collis (Hubbs & Cannon, 1935)
- Coastal darter, E. colorosum Suttkus & Bailey, 1993
- Coosa darter, E. coosae (Fowler, 1945)
- Crown darter, E. corona Page & Ceas, 1992
|
|
References
- ↑ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2014). "Percidae" in FishBase. February 2014 version.
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Percidae. |