Paratrichodorus

Paratrichodorus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Enoplea
Subclass: Enoplia
Order: Triplonchida
Suborder: Diphtherophorina
Superfamily: Diphtherophoroidea
Family: Trichodoridae
Genus: Paratrichodorus
Siddiqi, 1974[1]
Type species
Paratrichodorus tunisiensis Siddiqi
Species

Paratrichodorus is a genus of terrestrial root feeding (stubby-root) nematodes in the Trichodoridae family (trichorids), being one of five genera.[2] They are economically important plant parasites and virus vectors.[3] The females are didelphic (two genital tracts), and are distributed worldwide.[4]

Taxonomy

Historically, Trichodorus formed the only genus in the Trichodoridae family. Then Trichodorus was split into two genera in 1974 by Siddiqi,[1] Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus. The genus, which is the second largest in the family consists of 34 species.[4] Siddiqi based the separation on the position of the gland nuclei and the type of pharyngo-intestinal junction.

Subdivision

Using the same characteristics as those establishing the genus, Siddiqi described three subgenera, Paratrichodorus, Atlantadorus and Nanidorus, but Decraemer did not support the validity of this.[5] While the latter approach has not been accepted by some authorities,[5] Siddiqi elevated them to genus status in 1980,[6][7] an approach that few other authors have followed,[8] but maintained by that author,[9] and now receiving some support from modern molecular approaches to taxonomy. At least in the case of Nanidorus, phylogenetic analysis has supported its recognition as a separate genus, although clustering with Trichodorus rather than its parent Paratrichodorus.[8][10]

Plant pathology

Trichorids became of interest in 1951.[11] At that time Trichodorus christie (=Paratrichodorus minor) was recognised as a pest of crops in Florida.[12]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Siddiqi, M.R. (1974). "Systematics of the genus Trichodorus Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), with descriptions of three new species". Nematologica 19: 259–278.
  2. ↑ Order Triplochida: Paratrichodorus Nemaplex: Nematode-Plant Expert Information System. University of California, Davis. Version October 9, 2012.
  3. ↑ Decraemer 1995.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wilfrida Decraemer and R. T. Robbins. The Who, What and Where of Longidoridae and Trichodoridae. J Nematol v.39(4); 2007 Dec PMC2586508
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Decraemer, W. 1980. Systematics of the Trichodoridae (Nematoda) with keys to their species. Revue. Nematol. 3(1): 81-99.
  6. ↑ SIDDIQI, M.R. (1980). On the generic status of Atlantadorus Siddiqi, 1974 and Nanidorus Siddiqi, 1974 (Nematoda: Trichodoridae). Systematic Parasitology 1, 151-152.
  7. ↑ Decraemer 1995, p. 10.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Duarte et al. 2010.
  9. ↑ SIDDIQI, M.R. (2002). Ecuadorus equatorius gen. n., sp. and Nanidorus mexicanus sp. n. (Nematoda: Trichodoridae). International Journal of Nematology 12, 197-202.
  10. ↑ Kumari & Subbotin 2012.
  11. ↑ CHRISTIE, J. R. & PERRY, V. G. (1951). Removing nematodes from soil. Proc. helm. Soc. Wasb. 18: 106-108.
  12. ↑ Decraemer 1995, p. 3.

Bibliography