Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act

Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act
Citations

Long title	An act to amend the Public Health Service Act with respect to Public Health Security and all-hazards preparedness and response, and for other purposes.
Enacted by	the 109th Congress United States Congress
Public Law	109-417
Legislative history
Introduced in the Senate as S. 3678 by Richard Burr on July 18, 2006 Committee consideration by United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Signed into law by President George W. Bush on December 19, 2006

On December 19, 2006, the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (PAHPA), Public Law No. 109-417, was signed into law by President George W. Bush. PAHPA has broad implications for the United States Department of Health and Human Services’s (HHS) preparedness and response activities. Among other things, the Act amended the Public Health Service Act to established within the Department a new Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR); provided new authorities for a number of programs, including the advanced development and acquisitions of medical countermeasures; and called for the establishment of a quadrennial National Health Security Strategy.

The purpose of the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act is “to improve the Nation’s public health and medical preparedness and response capabilities for emergencies, whether deliberate, accidental, or natural.”

Major Program Areas

Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and Medical Countermeasures
Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8: Public Health and Medical Response: Domestic Programs
Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8: Public Health and Medical Response: International Programs
Grants
At-Risk Individuals
National Health Security Strategy (NHSS)
Situational Awareness: Surveillance, Credentialing, and Telehealth
Education and Training

References

United States biological defense program

Organizations

Federal
administrative

DHS	DHS Chemical and Biological Defense Division DHS Office of Health Affairs (National Biosurvelliance Integration Center, BioWatch) National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility National Bioforensic Analysis Center

DNI	National Counterproliferation Center (Advisory Committee on Bioterrorism)

DHHS	Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response Division of Select Agents and Toxins (CDC) National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity

DoD	Assistant SECDEF for NCB Defense Programs Defense Threat Reduction Agency Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System Joint Program Executive Office of Chemical and Biological Defense (JPEO-CBD) National Center for Medical Intelligence

Federal
research

Trans- departmental	National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research (National Integrated Biodefense Campus, Fort Detrick) Integrated National Biodefense Medical Countermeasures Portfolio (DHHS/DoD)

Military	U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Edgewood Chemical Biological Center Dugway Proving Ground

Civilian	Galveston National Laboratory (UTMB/NIAID) Integrated Research Facility (HHS/NIAID) Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (HHS) Homeland Security Research Program (EPA/DHS) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (USDA) Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit (USDA)

Response

Local	Local Health Departments

State	State Health Departments Nebraska Biocontainment Patient Care Unit

Federal	National Medical Response Team/National Pharmacy Response Team (NDMS, HHS) Chemical Biological Incident Response Force (USMC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (CDC) Aeromedical Biological Containment System (CDC) Bioterror Rapid Response and Advanced Technology Laboratory (CDC)

Non-
governmental

Academic centers & think tanks	UPMC Center for Health Security (formerly Center for Biosecurity) Henry L. Stimson Center Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment Center for Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens (Brown University) Middle-Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Center for Biodefense Immune Modeling (University of Rochester) Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases (NCBID; George Mason Univ.)

Government contractors	Battelle Memorial Institute SRI International Idaho Technology Phoenix Air

Programs
& projects

Threat reduction	Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program, including the Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DoD) Project Bacchus Project Clear Vision Project Jefferson

Biosurveillance	Laboratory Response Network (CDC) BioWatch (EPA, CDC) Global Bio-Surveillance Technology Initiative (GBTI), Bio-Surveillance Management Office (BMO) (part of JPEO-CBD) ESSENCE (DoD) RODS (Civilian)

Biosecurity/Biosurety	Select Agent Program (CDC) Personnel Reliability Program (DoD)

Medical intelligence	National Intelligence Assessments on Infectious Diseases

Disaster response	National Response Framework of the National Strategy for Homeland Security (DHS; including NIMS & ICS) National Disaster Medical System (DHHS) Strategic National Stockpile (CDC, DHS)

Technology
& equipment

Protection	MOPP NBC suit Respirators

Detection	Cell CANARY Biological Materials MASINT Autonomous Pathogen Detection System Joint Biological Agent Identification and Diagnostic System (JBAIDS)

Biocontainment	Biosafety level Biosafety cabinet Positive pressure personnel suit

Law

Treaties	Geneva Protocol (1925, 1975) Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs (1969) Biological Weapons Convention (1972)

Legislation	Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989 Executive Order 13139 (1999) Patriot Act (2001) Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act (2002) Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of 2002 Project Bioshield Act (2004) Biodefense and Pandemic Vaccine and Drug Development Act of 2005 Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (2005) Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act (2006) Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013

International
representation

History

Past biological incidents	1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack 1989 California medfly attack 2001 anthrax attacks Wood Green ricin plot (2002) 2003 ricin letters 2013 ricin letters

Defunct organizations & programs	United States Army Medical Unit United States biological weapons program Sunshine Project Aeromedical Isolation Team (DoD)