Pachycondyla
| Pachycondyla | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pachycondyla harpax worker | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Ponerinae |
| Tribe: | Ponerini |
| Genus: | Pachycondyla Smith, 1858 |
| Type species | |
| Formica crassinoda Latreille, 1802 | |
| Diversity[1][note 1] | |
| 11 species | |
Ypresiomyrma rebekkae queen fossils (upper left) at the Geological Museum in Copenhagen. This ant was formerly classified under Pachycondyla until it was placed in the subfamily Myrmeciinae and assigned to a new genus by Archibald, Cover, and Moreau in 2006.[2]
Pachycondyla is a ponerine genus of ants found in the Neotropics.
Distribution
Pachycondyla is distributed from southern United States to northern Argentina.[1]
Species
The genus formerly contained hundreds of species, most of them belonging to at the time junior synonyms of Pachycondyla. While revising the ponerines, Schmidt & Shattuck (2014) revived many of the former synonyms, leaving only eleven species in Pachycondyla. They were not able to place some species with certainty, and left more than twenty species incertae sedis in Pachycondyla, acknowledging that "this placement is undoubtedly incorrect".[1]
- Pachycondyla constricticeps Mackay & Mackay, 2010
- Pachycondyla crassinoda (Latreille, 1802)
- Pachycondyla fuscoatra (Roger, 1861)
- Pachycondyla harpax (Fabricius, 1804)
- Pachycondyla impressa (Roger, 1861)
- Pachycondyla inca Emery, 1901
- Pachycondyla lattkei Mackay & Mackay, 2010
- Pachycondyla lenis Kempf, 1961
- Pachycondyla lenkoi Kempf, 1962
- Pachycondyla purpurascens Forel, 1899
- Pachycondyla striata Smith, F., 1858
incertae sedis
- Pachycondyla curiosa Mackay & Mackay, 2010
- Pachycondyla jonesii Forel, 1891
- Pachycondyla solitaria Smith, F., 1860
- Pachycondyla unicolor Smith, F., 1860
- Pachycondyla vidua Smith, F., 1857
- Pachycondyla vieirai Mackay & Mackay, 2010
- †Pachycondyla baltica Dlussky, 2002
- †Pachycondyla calcarea (Théobald, 1937)
- †Pachycondyla conservata Dlussky, 2009
- †Pachycondyla crawleyi (Donisthorpe, 1920)
- †Pachycondyla dubia (Théobald, 1937)
- †Pachycondyla eocenica Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla globiventris (Théobald, 1937)
- †Pachycondyla gracilicornis (Mayr, 1868)
- †Pachycondyla labandeirai (Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2002)
- †Pachycondyla lutzi Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla messeliana Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla minuta Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla minutansata (Zhang, 1989)
- †Pachycondyla nubeculata (Zhang, 1989)
- †Pachycondyla petiolosa Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla petrosa Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- †Pachycondyla succinea (Mayr, 1868)
- †Pachycondyla tristis (Dlussky, 2009)
Notes
- ↑ The number of species as given by Schmidt & Shattuck (2014). More than twenty other species are listed as incertae sedis, but their placement in Pachycondyla is "undoubtedly incorrect".
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Schmidt, C. A.; Shattuck, S. O. (2014). "The Higher Classification of the Ant Subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Review of Ponerine Ecology and Behavior". Zootaxa 3817 (1): 1–242. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1. PMID 24943802.
- ↑ Archibald, S. Bruce; Stefan P. Cover; Corrie S. Moreau (2006). "Bulldog ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and history of the subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)". Annals of the Entomological Society (Entomological Society of America) 99 (3): 487–523. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:BAOTEO]2.0.CO;2.
External links
Media related to Pachycondyla at Wikimedia Commons