PPP2R2A
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R2A gene.[1]
The product of this gene belongs to the phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B family. Protein phosphatase 2 is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the regulatory subunit B55 subfamily.[2]
==Interactions==
PPP2R2A has been shown to interact with PPP2R1B,[3][4] PPP2R1A,[4][5] TGF beta receptor 1,[6] P70-S6 Kinase 1[7][8] p107[9] and PPP2CA.[3][5]
References
- ↑ Mayer RE, Hendrix P, Cron P, Matthies R, Stone SR, Goris J, Merlevede W, Hofsteenge J, Hemmings BA (May 1991). "Structure of the 55-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a neuronal-specific isoform". Biochemistry 30 (15): 3589–97. doi:10.1021/bi00229a001. PMID 1849734.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: PPP2R2A protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B, alpha isoform".
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kamibayashi, C; Lickteig R L; Estes R; Walter G; Mumby M C (October 1992). "Expression of the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A and characterization of its interactions with the catalytic and regulatory subunits". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 267 (30): 21864–72. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 1328247.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Zhou, Jin; Pham Huong T; Ruediger Ralf; Walter Gernot (January 2003). "Characterization of the Aalpha and Abeta subunit isoforms of protein phosphatase 2A: differences in expression, subunit interaction, and evolution". Biochem. J. (England) 369 (Pt 2): 387–98. doi:10.1042/BJ20021244. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1223084. PMID 12370081.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Goudreault, Marilyn; D'Ambrosio Lisa M, Kean Michelle J, Mullin Michael J, Larsen Brett G, Sanchez Amy, Chaudhry Sidharth, Chen Ginny I, Sicheri Frank, Nesvizhskii Alexey I, Aebersold Ruedi, Raught Brian, Gingras Anne-Claude (January 2009). "A PP2A phosphatase high density interaction network identifies a novel striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex linked to the cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (CCM3) protein". Mol. Cell Proteomics (United States) 8 (1): 157–71. doi:10.1074/mcp.M800266-MCP200. PMC 2621004. PMID 18782753.
- ↑ Griswold-Prenner, I; Kamibayashi C; Maruoka E M; Mumby M C; Derynck R (November 1998). "Physical and functional interactions between type I transforming growth factor beta receptors and Balpha, a WD-40 repeat subunit of phosphatase 2A". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 18 (11): 6595–604. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 109244. PMID 9774674.
- ↑ Peterson, R T; Desai B N; Hardwick J S; Schreiber S L (April 1999). "Protein phosphatase 2A interacts with the 70-kDa S6 kinase and is activated by inhibition of FKBP12-rapamycinassociated protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 96 (8): 4438–42. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4438. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 16350. PMID 10200280.
- ↑ Bishop, Jessica D; Nien Wei Lun; Dauphinee Shauna M; Too Catherine K L (August 2006). "Prolactin activates mammalian target-of-rapamycin through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and stimulates phosphorylation of p70S6K and 4E-binding protein-1 in lymphoma cells". J. Endocrinol. (England) 190 (2): 307–12. doi:10.1677/joe.1.06368. ISSN 0022-0795. PMID 16899564.
- ↑ Jayadeva, G; Kurimchak A; Garriga J; Sotillo E; Davis AJ; Haines DS; Mumby M; Graña X (Sep 24, 2010). "B55alpha PP2A holoenzymes modulate the phosphorylation status of the retinoblastoma-related protein p107 and its activation.". J Biol Chem 285 (39): 29863–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.162354. PMC 2943288. PMID 20663872.
Further reading
- Zolnierowicz S (2000). "Type 2A protein phosphatase, the complex regulator of numerous signaling pathways.". Biochem. Pharmacol. 60 (8): 1225–35. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00424-X. PMID 11007961.
- Kino T, Pavlakis GN (2004). "Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 193–205. doi:10.1089/104454904773819789. PMID 15142377.
- Andersen JL, Planelles V (2005). "The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis.". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 43–51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMID 15638722.
- Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle.". Retrovirology 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353.
- Kamibayashi C, Lickteig RL, Estes R et al. (1992). "Expression of the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A and characterization of its interactions with the catalytic and regulatory subunits.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (30): 21864–72. PMID 1328247.
- Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ et al. (1997). "Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr.". FEBS Lett. 401 (2–3): 197–201. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6. PMID 9013886.
- Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (1998). "Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production". Virology 238 (2): 432–43. doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8873. PMID 9400615.
- Strack S, Zaucha JA, Ebner FF et al. (1998). "Brain protein phosphatase 2A: developmental regulation and distinct cellular and subcellular localization by B subunits". J. Comp. Neurol. 392 (4): 515–27. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19980323)392:4<515::AID-CNE8>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 9514514.
- Griswold-Prenner I, Kamibayashi C, Maruoka EM et al. (1998). "Physical and functional interactions between type I transforming growth factor beta receptors and Balpha, a WD-40 repeat subunit of phosphatase 2A". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (11): 6595–604. PMC 109244. PMID 9774674.
- Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G (1999). "Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens". J. Virol. 73 (1): 839–42. PMC 103900. PMID 9847399.
- Kim ST, Lim DS, Canman CE, Kastan MB (2000). "Substrate specificities and identification of putative substrates of ATM kinase family members". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (53): 37538–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.53.37538. PMID 10608806.
- Moreno CS, Park S, Nelson K et al. (2000). "WD40 repeat proteins striatin and S/G(2) nuclear autoantigen are members of a novel family of calmodulin-binding proteins that associate with protein phosphatase 2A". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (8): 5257–63. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.8.5257. PMC 3505218. PMID 10681496.
- Husi H, Ward MA, Choudhary JS et al. (2000). "Proteomic analysis of NMDA receptor-adhesion protein signaling complexes". Nat. Neurosci. 3 (7): 661–9. doi:10.1038/76615. PMID 10862698.
- Hrimech M, Yao XJ, Branton PE, Cohen EA (2000). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr-mediated G(2) cell cycle arrest: Vpr interferes with cell cycle signaling cascades by interacting with the B subunit of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A". EMBO J. 19 (15): 3956–67. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.15.3956. PMC 306605. PMID 10921877. (Retracted. If this is intentional, please replace
{{Retracted}}with{{Retracted|intentional=yes}}.) - Vogelsberg-Ragaglia V, Schuck T, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2001). "PP2A mRNA expression is quantitatively decreased in Alzheimer's disease hippocampus". Exp. Neurol. 168 (2): 402–12. doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7630. PMID 11259128.
- Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M et al. (2001). "HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25". Virology 287 (2): 359–70. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1007. PMID 11531413.
- Bennin DA, Don AS, Brake T et al. (2002). "Cyclin G2 associates with protein phosphatase 2A catalytic and regulatory B' subunits in active complexes and induces nuclear aberrations and a G1/S phase cell cycle arrest". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (30): 27449–67. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111693200. PMID 11956189.
- Hrimech M, Yao XJ, Branton PE, Cohen EA (2002). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr-mediated G(2) cell cycle arrest: Vpr interferes with cell cycle signaling cascades by interacting with the B subunit of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A". EMBO J. 21 (14): 3918. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf420. PMC 126131. PMID 12110603.