PEDOT-TMA
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Oligotron; Pedot tetramethacrylate; Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), tetramethacrylate end-capped | |
| Properties | |
| Molar mass | ~6000 g/mol |
| Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
 verify (what is: / ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-tetramethacrylate or PEDOT-TMA is a p-type conducting polymer based on 3,4-ethylenedioxylthiophene or the EDOT monomer. It is a modification of the PEDOT structure. Advantages of this polymer relative to PEDOT (or PEDOT:PSS) are that it is dispersible in organic solvents, and it is non-corrosive. PEDOT-TMA was developed under a contract with the National Science Foundation, and it was first announced publicly on April 12, 2004.[1] The trade name for PEDOT-TMA is Oligotron. PEDOT-TMA was featured in an article entitled "Next Stretch for Plastic Electronics" that appeared in Scientific American in 2004.[2][3] The U.S. Patent office issued a patent protecting PEDOT-TMA on April 22, 2008.[4]
PEDOT-TMA differs from the parent polymer PEDOT in that it is capped on both ends of the polymer. This limits the chain-length of the polymer, making it more soluble in organic solvents than PEDOT. The methacrylate groups on the two end-caps allow further chemistry to occur such as cross-linking to other polymers or materials.
Physical properties
The Bulk Conductivity of PEDOT-TMA is 0.1-.5 S/cm, the sheet resistance 1-10 M Ω/sq, and the methacrylate equivalent Weight 1360-1600 g/mol.
Application Overview
Several devices and materials have been described in both journals and the patent literature that use PEDOT-TMA as a critical component. In this section, a brief overview of these inventions is given.
- Patternable OLED's: In a study[5] by researchers at General Electric, PEDOT-TMA was used in the hole injection layer in a series of OLED devices. They have also filed a patent application to protect this invention.[6]
- Ion Selective Membranes: PEDOT-TMA was used as a key ingredient in ion selective membranes[7]
- Dye Sensitized Solar Cell: PEDOT-TMA was used in the construction of effective Dye-sensitized solar cells.[8][9] The PEDOT-TMA was spun-coat to give a 15 nm thick layer which was used as the counter-electrode in a series of Dye-sensitized solar cells. Efficiencies as high as 7.85% were obtained.[10]
- Flexible Touch Screens: PEDOT-TMA was used in the construction of electrodes for flexible touch screens as described in a patent application by the Honeywell Corporation.[11]
- Energy Storage and Conversion Devices: Synkera Technologies, Inc. filed a patent application detailing a variety of energy storage and conversion devices that use PEDOT-TMA in their construction.[12]
- Glucose Sensor: A glucose sensor was prepared by Gymama Slaughter of Virginia State University.[13]
- Carbon Nanotube Composites: Researchers from Los Alamos National Laboratory used PEDOT-TMA to prepare composites with carbon nanotubes. These composites form highly aligned arrays of the nanotubes, and exhibit high conductivity at room temperature (25.0 S/cm).[14]
- Metal Wire-Based Photovoltaic Device: Researchers from The Institute of Advanced Energy at Kyoto University used PEDOT-TMA to fabricate organic photovoltaic devices.[15]
References
- ↑ Chamot, J. (4/12/2004). "New Molecule Heralds Breakthrough in Electronic Plastics". Retrieved 10/3/2012. Check date values in:
|date=, |accessdate=(help) - ↑ Collins, Graham P. (8/1/2004). "Next Stretch for Plastic Electronics". Scientific American: 75–81. Check date values in:
|date=(help) - ↑ "Light and Magic". The Economist: 74. 2004-05-22. Retrieved 10/3/2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ US patent 7,361,728, Elliott; Brian J.; Luebben; Silvia D. & Sapp; Shawn A. et al., "Electrically conducting materials from branched end-capping intermediates", published 2008-04-22, assigned to TDA Research, Inc.
- ↑ Liu, J.; L. N. Lewis and A. R. Dugal (2007). "Photoactivated and patternable charge transport materials and their use in organic light-emitting devices". Appl. Phys. Lett. 90: 233503 doi= /10.1063/1.2746404. doi:10.1063/1.2746404.
- ↑ Liu, Jie; Larry Neil Lewis; Anil Raj Duggal; Rubinsztajn Slawomir (2005-10-04). US Patent Application US 2007/0077452, Organic light emitting devices having latent activated layers and methods of fabricating the same.
- ↑ Rzewuska, Anna; Marcin Wojciechowski; Ewa Bulska; Elizabeth A. H. Hall; Krzysztof Maksymiuk; Agata Michalska (2008). "Composite Polyacrylate-Poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) Membranes for Improved All-Solid-State Ion-Selective Sensors". Anal. Chem. 80 (1): 321–327doi= 10.1021/ac070866o. doi:10.1021/ac070866o.
- ↑ Kim, Kyung Ho; Takashi Okubo, Naoyo Tanaka, Naoto Mimura, Masahiko Maekawa and Takayoshi Kuroda-Sowa (2010). "Dye-sensitized Solar Cells with Halide-bridged Mixed-valence Cu(I)-Cu(II) Coordination Polymers with Hexamethylenedithiocarbamate Ligand". Chem Lett. 39 (7): 792–793. doi:10.1246/cl.2010.792.
- ↑ Okubo, Takashi; Naoyo Tanaka, Haruho Anma, Kyung Ho Kim, Masahiko Maekawa and Takayoshi Kuroda-Sowa (2012). "Dye-sensitized Solar Cells with New One-Dimensional Halide-Bridged Cu(I)–Ni(II) Heterometal Coordination Polymers Containing Hexamethylene Dithiocarbamate Ligand". Polymers 4 (3): 1613–1626. doi:10.3390/polym4031613.
- ↑ Kim, Kyung Ho; Kazuomi Utashiro; Zhuguang Jin; Yoshio Abe; Midori Kawamura (2013). "Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Sol-Gel Solution Processed Ga-Doped ZnO Passivation Layer". Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 8: 5183–5190.
- ↑ Edwards, Lewin; Patricia McCrimmon; Richard Thomas Watson (2010-07-22). US Patent Application 2010/0182245, Tactile-Feedback Touch Screen.
- ↑ Routkevitch, Dmitri; Rikard A. Wind (2010-12-02). US Patent Application 2010/0304204, Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Devices and Methods for Making Same.
- ↑ Slaughter, Gymama (2010). "Fabrication of Nanoindented Electrodes for Glucose Detection". J Diabetes Sci Technol 4 (2): 320–327. doi:10.1177/193229681000400212.
- ↑ Peng, Huisheng; Xuemei Sun (2009). "Highly Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites with Much Improved Electrical Conductivities". Chemical Physics Letters 471 (1-3): 103–105. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2009.02.008.
- ↑ Chuangchote, Surawut; Takashi Sagawaa and Susumu Yoshikawa (2011). "Design of metal wires-based organic photovoltaic cells". Energy Procedia 9: 553–558. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.09.064.