PCDHA4
| Protocadherin alpha 4 | |||||||||||||
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 PDB rendering based on 1wuz. | |||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||
| Symbols | PCDHA4 ; CNR1; CNRN1; CRNR1; PCDH-ALPHA4 | ||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 606310 MGI: 1298406 HomoloGene: 130626 GeneCards: PCDHA4 Gene | ||||||||||||
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| Orthologs | |||||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||
| Entrez | 56144 | 12936 | |||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000204967 | ENSMUSG00000007440 | |||||||||||
| UniProt | Q9UN74 | O88689 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_018907 | NM_007766 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_061730 | NP_031792 | |||||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 5: 140.19 – 140.39 Mb | Chr 18: 36.93 – 37.19 Mb | |||||||||||
| PubMed search | |||||||||||||
Protocadherin alpha-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCDHA4 gene.[1][2][3]
This gene is a member of the protocadherin alpha gene cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five that demonstrate an unusual genomic organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene clusters. The alpha gene cluster is composed of 15 cadherin superfamily genes related to the mouse CNR genes and consists of 13 highly similar and 2 more distantly related coding sequences. The tandem array of 15 N-terminal exons, or variable exons, are followed by downstream C-terminal exons, or constant exons, which are shared by all genes in the cluster. The large, uninterrupted N-terminal exons each encode six cadherin ectodomains while the C-terminal exons encode the cytoplasmic domain. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins that most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed and additional variants have been suggested but their full-length nature has yet to be determined.[3]
References
- ↑ Wu Q, Maniatis T (Jul 1999). "A striking organization of a large family of human neural cadherin-like cell adhesion genes". Cell 97 (6): 779–90. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80789-8. PMID 10380929.
- ↑ Sugino H, Hamada S, Yasuda R, Tuji A, Matsuda Y, Fujita M, Yagi T (Apr 2000). "Genomic organization of the family of CNR cadherin genes in mice and humans". Genomics 63 (1): 75–87. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6066. PMID 10662547.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: PCDHA4 protocadherin alpha 4".
Further reading
- Yagi T, Takeichi M (2000). "Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and neurologic diversity". Genes Dev. 14 (10): 1169–80. PMID 10817752.
- Nollet F, Kools P, van Roy F (2000). "Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members". J. Mol. Biol. 299 (3): 551–72. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777. PMID 10835267.
- Senzaki K, Ogawa M, Yagi T (2000). "Proteins of the CNR family are multiple receptors for Reelin". Cell 99 (6): 635–47. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81552-4. PMID 10612399.
- Wu Q, Maniatis T (2000). "Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic feature of protocadherin genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3124–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.060027397. PMC 16203. PMID 10716726.
- Wu Q, Zhang T, Cheng JF et al. (2001). "Comparative DNA Sequence Analysis of Mouse and Human Protocadherin Gene Clusters". Genome Res. 11 (3): 389–404. doi:10.1101/gr.167301. PMC 311048. PMID 11230163.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Schmutz J, Martin J, Terry A et al. (2004). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5". Nature 431 (7006): 268–74. doi:10.1038/nature02919. PMID 15372022.
- Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070.
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