Over There

This article is about the song. For other uses, see Over There (disambiguation).
1917 sheet music cover with Nora Bayes

"Over There" is a 1917 song popular with United States soldiers in both world wars. It was a propaganda song designed to galvanize American young men to enlist in the army and fight the "Hun".

History

It was written by George M. Cohan in April 1917. Americans believed at that time that the war would be short and the song reflected that expectation.[1]

Notable early recordings include versions by Nora Bayes, Enrico Caruso, Billy Murray, Arthur Fields and Charles King. According to Michael Duffy of FirstWorldWar.com, "Cohan later recalled that the words and music to the song came to him while travelling by train from New Rochelle to New York shortly after the U.S. had declared war against Germany in April 1917."[2]

This song, as well as "It's a Long Way to Tipperary", was a popular patriotic song during the First World War. On June 29, 1936, President Franklin D. Roosevelt awarded Cohan the Congressional Gold Medal for this and other songs.

It has been revived on various occasions during and after World War II. It was not heavily used during Vietnam, but has been used since September 11th. [3]As the specific country "over there" is not named, the words can serve as an exhortation for any sending of American troops to any foreign military intervention.

The slogan "The Yanks are Coming" is derived from this song.

Lyrics

Another sheet music cover

As sung by early 20th century recording artist Billy Murray:

Verse 1

Johnny,[4] get your gun, get your gun, get your gun.
Take it on the run, on the run, on the run.
Hear them calling you and me,
Every Son of Liberty.
Hurry right away, no delay, go today.
Make your Daddy glad to have had such a lad.
Tell your sweetheart not to pine,
To be proud her boy's in line.

Verse 2

Johnny, get your gun, get your gun, get your gun.
Johnny, show the "Hun"[5] you're a son-of-a-gun.
Hoist the flag and let her fly
Yankee Doodle[6] do or die.
Pack your little kit, show your grit, do your bit.
Yankee[7] to the ranks from the towns and the tanks.[8]
Make your Mother proud of you
And the old red-white-and-blue[9]

Chorus

Over there, over there,
Send the word, send the word over there
That the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are coming
The drums rum-tumming everywhere.
So prepare, say a prayer,
Send the word, send the word to beware -
We'll be over, we're coming over,
And we won't come back till it's over, over there.

In popular culture

Feature films

The most famous of many film appearances is in Yankee Doodle Dandy starring James Cagney in his Oscar-winning performance. In that otherwise Hollywoodized film, this song was used effectively as an illustration of the creative process. The way the film portrays it, Cohan is watching a military band parade by, and a segment of one of their songs catches his ear, a simple triad that he finds himself whistling. Late at night, he is seen slowly working out the complete new song on a piano, note by note. The next scene unveils the song, as Cohan (Cagney) and a woman dressed in uniform (Frances Langford, portraying Nora Bayes) sing it to a large and appreciative audience. The song is reprised at the very end of the film. As Cohan is leaving the White House grounds, a group of soldiers march past the now-aged Cohan, singing the song. Another bystander, also elderly, does a startled take as he finds himself standing next to the author of that song. Cohan (along with other citizens) begins to march alongside and in step with the soldiers. One of them (character actor Frank Faylen), not knowing who the old man is, teases him into joining the singing. The film irises-out on a closeup of Cohan (Cagney) singing the final line of the song's chorus.

The chorus of the song is used to herald the arrival of American troops on the pier which serves as the symbolic setting in the 1969 film Oh! What a Lovely War, with a line of lyrics changed to "We won't come back, we'll be buried over there". Other films using the tune include Leatherheads (2008), in the background in an early scene of The Cardinal, and briefly sung in 1941 (film).

Sports

A version by British musical group The Babe Team produced a pop single based on the chorus of the song for the 2002 FIFA World Cup Finals.

The chorus of the song was used in a 2009 campaign for the US men's national soccer team leading into the 2010 FIFA World Cup Finals held in South Africa. It is also used as a chant by US national team supporters group The American Outlaws.

Television

Literature

The title of John A. Lee's 1943 book The Yanks are Coming is derived from the above song.

Advertising

For three years, the price comparison site Gocompare.com used the melody of "Over There" but with different lyrics as its advertising jingle, sung by company mascot Italian tenor Gio Compario played by real-life Welsh tenor Wynne Evans. The advert was voted the most irritating advertisement of both 2009 and 2010.

"The Yanks Are Not Coming"

After the Soviet Union signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact with Nazi Germany on August 24, 1939, the Communist Party of the United States - like other Communist parties around the world - took an anti-war line, declaring the Second World War to be "an imperialist war" and strongly opposing US involvement in it. This was manifested, among other things, in widespread use of the slogan "The Yanks Are Not Coming", in direct opposition to the words of the above song.

However, after Adolf Hitler broke the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact by attacking the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, the CPUSA changed its position again, taking a strong position in favor of the US entering the war (manifested in revival of the original World War I song).

References and notes

  1. ↑
    • Collins, Ace (2003). Songs Sung, Red, White, and Blue: The Stories Behind America's Best-Loved Patriotic Songs. HarperResource. ISBN 0060513047., page 138-145.
  2. ↑ Duffy, Michael. "Vintage Audio - Over There", FirstWorldWar.com, August 22, 2009, accessed July 12, 2013
  3. ↑
    • Collins, Ace (2003). Songs Sung, Red, White, and Blue: The Stories Behind America's Best-Loved Patriotic Songs. HarperResource. ISBN 0060513047., pages 138-145.
  4. ↑ "Johnny" is a very common English given name and is used to address any anonymous man or men.
  5. ↑ Now usually sung "Johnny on the run...".
  6. ↑ Now usually sung as "Like true heroes..."
  7. ↑ Now usually sung as "Soldiers..."
  8. ↑ Short for "tank town", meaning any town so small its primary purpose was to provide water for steam locomotives.
  9. ↑ Now usually sung as "And to liberty be true."

External links

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