OpenDocument

Not to be confused with Open Document Architecture, OpenDoc, or Office Open XML.
"ODF" redirects here. For other uses, see ODF (disambiguation).
OpenDocument Text
Filename extensions
.odt  .fodt

Internet media type

application/vnd.oasis.
opendocument.text

Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)
org.oasis.opendocument.text[1]
UTI conformation
org.oasis-open.opendocument
public.composite-content
Developed by OASIS
Initial release 1 May 2005
Latest release
1.2
(29 September 2011)
Type of format Document
Extended from XML
Standard ISO/IEC 26300:2006
(OASIS OpenDocument Format)
Open format? Yes
Website
OpenDocument Presentation
Filename extensions
.odp  .fodp

Internet media type

application/vnd.oasis.
opendocument.presentation

Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)
org.oasis.opendocument.presentation[1]
UTI conformation
org.oasis-open.opendocument
public.composite-content
Developed by OASIS
Initial release 1 May 2005
Latest release
1.2
(29 September 2011)
Type of format Presentation
Extended from XML
Standard ISO/IEC 26300:2006
(OASIS OpenDocument Format)
Open format? Yes
OpenDocument Spreadsheet
Filename extensions
.ods  .fods

Internet media type

application/vnd.oasis.
opendocument.spreadsheet

Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)
org.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet[1]
UTI conformation
org.oasis-open.opendocument
public.composite-content
Developed by OASIS
Initial release 1 May 2005
Latest release
1.2
(29 September 2011)
Type of format Spreadsheet
Extended from XML
Standard ISO/IEC 26300:2006
(OASIS OpenDocument Format)
Open format? Yes
OpenDocument Graphics
Filename extensions
.odg  .fodg

Internet media type

application/vnd.oasis.
opendocument.graphics

Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)
org.oasis.opendocument.graphics[1]
UTI conformation
org.oasis-open.opendocument
public.composite-content
Developed by OASIS
Initial release 1 May 2005
Latest release
1.2
(29 September 2011)
Type of format Graphics
Extended from XML
Standard ISO/IEC 26300:2006
(OASIS OpenDocument Format)
Open format? Yes

The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an XML-based file format for spreadsheets, charts, presentations and word processing documents. It was developed with the aim of providing an open, XML-based file format specification for office applications.[2]

The standard was developed by a technical committee in the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) consortium.[3] It was based on the Sun Microsystems specification for OpenOffice.org XML, the default format for OpenOffice.org, which had been specifically intended "to provide an open standard for office documents."[4]

In addition to being an OASIS standard, version 1.1 is published as an ISO/IEC international standard, ISO/IEC 26300:2006/Amd 1:2012 — Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.1.[5][6]

Specifications

The most common filename extensions used for OpenDocument documents are:[7][8]

The original OpenDocument format consists of an XML document that has <document> as its root element. OpenDocument files can also take the format of a ZIP compressed archive containing a number of files and directories; these can contain binary content and benefit from ZIP's lossless compression to reduce file size. OpenDocument benefits from separation of concerns by separating the content, styles, metadata, and application settings into four separate XML files.

There is a comprehensive set of example documents in OpenDocument format available.[9] The whole test suite is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 license.

Standardization

The OpenDocument standard was developed by a Technical Committee (TC) under the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards industry consortium. The ODF-TC has members from a diverse set of companies and individuals. Active TC members have voting rights. Members associated with Sun and IBM have sometimes had a large voting influence.[10] The standardization process involved the developers of many office suites or related document systems. The first official ODF-TC meeting to discuss the standard was 16 December 2002; OASIS approved OpenDocument as an OASIS Standard on 1 May 2005. OASIS submitted the ODF specification to ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1) on 16 November 2005, under Publicly Available Specification (PAS) rules. ISO/IEC Standardization for an open document standard including text, spreadsheet and presentation was proposed for the first time in DKUUG the 28th August 2001.[11]

After a six-month review period, on 3 May 2006, OpenDocument unanimously passed its six-month DIS (Draft International Standard) ballot in JTC 1 (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34), with broad participation,[12] after which the OpenDocument specification was "approved for release as an ISO and IEC International Standard" under the name ISO/IEC 26300:2006.[13]

After responding to all written ballot comments, and a 30-day default ballot, the OpenDocument International standard went to publication in ISO, officially published 30 November 2006.

Further standardization work with OpenDocument includes:

Future

Application support

Software

Main article: OpenDocument software

The OpenDocument format is used in free software and in proprietary software. This includes office suites (both stand-alone and web-based) and individual applications such as word-processors, spreadsheets, presentation, and data management applications. Prominent office suites supporting OpenDocument fully or partially include:

Various organizations have announced development of conversion software (including plugins and filters) to support OpenDocument on Microsoft's products.[39][40] As of July 2007, there are nine packages of conversion software. Microsoft first released support for the OpenDocument Format in Office 2007 SP2.[41] However, the implementation faced substantial criticism and the ODF Alliance and others claimed that the third party plugins provided better support.[42] Microsoft Office 2010 can open and save OpenDocument Format documents natively, although not all features are supported.[43]

Mac OS X 10.5 offers both a new TextEdit version and Quick Look feature supporting the OpenDocument Text format (albeit with some formatting loss).

Accessibility

The specification of OpenDocument has undergone an accessibility review, and a few additions were made to version 1.1 of the specification to improve accessibility. Many of the components it is built on, such as Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language and Scalable Vector Graphics, have already gone through the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility Initiative processes.

Licensing

Public access to the standard

Versions of the OpenDocument Format approved by OASIS are available for free download and use.[44] The ITTF has added ISO/IEC 26300 to its "list of freely available standards"; anyone may download and use this standard free-of-charge under the terms of a click-through license.[45]

Additional royalty-free licensing

Obligated members of the OASIS ODF TC have agreed to make deliverables available to implementors under the OASIS Royalty Free with Limited Terms policy.

Key contributor Sun Microsystems made an irrevocable intellectual property covenant, providing all implementers with the guarantee that Sun will not seek to enforce any of its enforceable U.S. or foreign patents against any implementation of the OpenDocument specification in which development Sun participates to the point of incurring an obligation.[46]

A second contributor to ODF development, IBM – which, for instance, has contributed Lotus spreadsheet documentation[47] – has made their patent rights available through their Interoperability Specifications Pledge in which "IBM irrevocably covenants to you that it will not assert any Necessary Claims against you for your making, using, importing, selling, or offering for sale Covered Implementations."[48]

The Software Freedom Law Center has examined whether there are any legal barriers to the use of the OpenDocument Format (ODF) in free and open source software arising from the standardization process. In their opinion ODF is free of legal encumbrances that would prevent its use in free and open source software, as distributed under licenses authored by Apache and the FSF.

Response

Support for OpenDocument

Several governments, companies, organizations and software products support the OpenDocument format. For example:

On 4 November 2005, IBM and Sun Microsystems convened the "OpenDocument (ODF) Summit" in Armonk, New York, to discuss how to boost OpenDocument adoption. The ODF Summit brought together representatives from several industry groups and technology companies, including Oracle, Google, Adobe, Novell, Red Hat, Computer Associates, Corel, Nokia, Intel, and Linux e-mail company Scalix (LaMonica, 10 November 2005). The providers committed resources to technically improve OpenDocument through existing standards bodies and to promote its usage in the marketplace, possibly through a stand-alone foundation.[54] Scholars have suggested that the "OpenDocument standard is the wedge that can hold open the door for competition, particularly with regard to the specific concerns of the public sector."[55] Indeed, adoption by the public sector has risen considerably since the promulgation of the OpenDocument format initiated the 2005/2006 time period.[55]

Worldwide adoption

Main article: OpenDocument adoption

One objective of open formats like OpenDocument is to guarantee long-term access to data without legal or technical barriers, and some governments have come to view open formats as a public policy issue. Several governments around the world have introduced policies of partial or complete adoption.[55] What this means varies from case to case; in some cases, it means that the ODF standard has a national standard identifier; in some cases, it means that the ODF standard is permitted to be used where national regulation says that non-proprietary formats must be used, and in still other cases, it means that some government body has actually decided that ODF will be used in some specific context. The following is an incomplete list:

International
National Africa
Asia
Europe
S America
Subnational

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Huw Alexander Ogilvie. "Filetypes". Retrieved 20 June 2008.
  2. ↑ "OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC". Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. 19 January 2005. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
  3. ↑ "OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC". Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards.
  4. ↑ StarOffice XML File Format Working Draft, Technical Reference Manual, Draft 9, December 2000 (PDF), December 2000, retrieved 2010-08-08
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 ISO/IEC 26300:2006/Amd 1:2012 — Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.1, 8 March 2012, retrieved 12 April 2012
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "ISO/IEC 26300:2006/DAM 1 - OpenDocument v1.1". Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  7. ↑ "UA.es". ua.es (in Spanish).
  8. ↑ "OpenOffice.org Document Version Control With Mercurial". Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  9. ↑ "OpenDocument Sample Documents". Intel Corporation. 2006. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
  10. ↑ "OpenDocument TC's publicly-visible membership roster". Retrieved 3 November 2007.
  11. ↑ "Meeting agenda for DKUUG STD 2001-08-28 - item 5.6" (PDF). Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  12. ↑ ISO/IEC SC34 Secretariat (13 June 2006). "Summary of Voting on DIS ISO/IEC 26300 - Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) v1.0". ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34 Document Repository. Archived from the original on 1 October 2006. Retrieved 24 August 2006.
  13. ↑ "ISO and IEC approve OpenDocument OASIS standard for data interoperability of office applications". ISO Press Releases. ISO. 8 May 2006. Retrieved 24 August 2006.
  14. ↑ ISO/IEC 26300:2006 (ZIP, PDF), ISO, retrieved 22 November 2009
  15. ↑ "OpenDocument 1.1 Specifications". OASIS. 2006. Retrieved 31 October 2006.
  16. ↑ "Approval of OpenDocument v1.1 as OASIS Standard". OASIS. Retrieved 6 February 2007.
  17. ↑ "Members Approve OpenDocument Version 1.1 as OASIS Standard". OASIS. Retrieved 15 February 2007.
  18. ↑ Peter Judge (2 May 2008 -- 14:47 GMT (07:47 PDT)). "OOXML expert: ODF standard is broken". ZDNet. Retrieved 10 September 2012. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 Clarke, Gavin (3 October 2011). "Open Document Format updated to fix spreadsheets". The Register. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  20. ↑ Members Approve OpenDocument Format (ODF) Version 1.2 as OASIS Standard, 5 October 2011, retrieved 12 April 2012
  21. ↑ "Minutes of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34/WG 6 teleconference meeting, 2014-04-16" (PDF). 2014-04-24. Retrieved 2014-10-13.
  22. ↑ "ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34/WG 6 N 103 Minutes of teleconference meeting of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34/WG 6 2014-09-24, 23:00-00:00 UTC" (PDF). 2014-09-25. Retrieved 2014-10-13.
  23. ↑ OpenDocument - Advanced Document Collaboration SC, retrieved 2014-01-31
  24. ↑ ODF TC Creates Advanced Document Collaboration Subcommittee, 2010-12-05, retrieved 2014-01-31
  25. ↑ Real-time compatible ODF change-tracking, retrieved 2014-01-31
  26. ↑ "OpenDocument support". AbiWord Wiki. AbiSource community. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  27. ↑ "Abiword 2.4.2 Release Notes.". abisource.com. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  28. ↑ "Adobe Buzzword online word processor from Acrobat.com". Labs.adobe.com. Retrieved 19 May 2009.
  29. ↑ "Atlantis Word Processor 1.6.5 release notes". atlantiswordprocessor.com. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
  30. ↑ "Words". Calligra Suite. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
  31. ↑ "Corel WordPerfect Office X4 - Standard Edition - Compatible". Retrieved 3 May 2008.
  32. ↑ Eric Baudais & others (February 2010). "File Formats". The Gnumeric Manual, version 1.10. GNOME Documentation Project. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  33. ↑ Doug Mahugh (10 May 2009). "1 + 2 = 1?". MSDN Blogs. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  34. ↑ "Symphony.lotus.com". symphony.lotus.com.
  35. ↑ "Koffice.org". koffice.org.
  36. ↑ "OpenXML/ODF Translator Add-ins for Office". Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  37. ↑ "Microsoft Expands List of Formats Supported in Microsoft Office". Microsoft Corporation. 21 May 2008. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  38. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo (17 April 2012). "Microsoft adds ODF support, URL shortening to its SkyDrive storage service". ZDNet. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  39. ↑ "OpenDocument Foundation to MA: We Have a Plugin". Groklaw. 4 May 2006. Retrieved 23 August 2006.
  40. ↑ "Microsoft Office to get a dose of OpenDocument". CNet. 5 May 2006. Retrieved 6 December 2006.
  41. ↑ "Office 2007 SP2 Supports ODF". PC World. 28 April 2009.
  42. ↑ "Fact-sheet Microsoft ODF support" (PDF). odfalliance. Retrieved 24 May 2009. MS Excel 2007 will process ODF spreadsheet documents when loaded via the Sun Plug-In 3.0 for MS Office or the SourceForge “OpenXML/ODF Translator Add-in for Office,” but will fail when using the “built-in” support provided by Office 2007 SP2.
  43. ↑ "Differences between the OpenDocument Text (.odt) format and the Word (.docx) format". office.microsoft.com.
  44. ↑ "OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC". OASIS. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  45. ↑ "Freely Available Standards". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  46. ↑ Microsystems, Inc. "Sun OpenDocument Patent Statement". OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC. OASIS foundation.
  47. ↑ David A. Wheeler (21 Jul 2006). "Formula subcommittee status". office@lists.oasis-open.org, office-formula@lists.oasis-open.org. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
  48. ↑ "Interoperability Pledge Specification List". Interoperability Specifications Pledge. IBM Corp. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  49. ↑ "ODF Alliance members". ODF Alliance. Retrieved 24 May 2009.
  50. ↑ Krempl, Stefan (18 July 2008). "NATO supports ODF open document format". The H Open. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 "IDA promotes the use of open document formats for e-government interoperability". IDA Report 22. IDABC. June 2004. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  52. ↑ "Open document formats selected to meet user needs".
  53. ↑ "Wikis Go Printable". Wikimedia Foundation. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 31 December 2007.
  54. ↑ Martin LaMonica (10 November 2005). "OpenDocument format gathers steam". CNET News. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 Tony Casson; Patrick S. Ryan (1 May 2006). "Open Standards, Open Source Adoption in the Public Sector, and Their Relationship to Microsoft’s Market Dominance". Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  56. ↑ Marco Fioretti. "Macros an obstacle to office suite compatibility". Archived from the original on 21 May 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  57. ↑ Doug Mahugh (Microsoft) (13 May 2009). "Tracked Changes".
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 Jesper Lund Stocholm (Danish ISO/IEC representative) (12 December 2008). "Do your math - OOXML and OMML (Updated 2008-02-12)".
  59. ↑ "NATO Interoperability Standards and Profiles". Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  60. ↑ https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/community/osor/news/ec-recommends-supporting-open-document-format
  61. ↑ "ODF 1.2 on Dutch "apply or explain" list".
  62. ↑ "ESOP » Portugal publishes open standards catalog. ODF, PDF and several other standards are mandatory". Esop.pt. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
  63. ↑ "Open source, open standards and re-use: government action plan". Government of the United Kingdom. 27 January 2010.
  64. ↑ "New obligatory IT standards for the state sector adopted". Retrieved 19 December 2012.
  65. ↑ "Estándares de ofimática" (PDF). Agestic.gub.uy. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
  66. ↑ "Massachusetts Verdict: MS Office Formats Out". eWeek. 24 September 2005. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  67. ↑ Stefan Krempl (5 January 2010). "Munich administration switches to OpenDocument Format". Open source OpenDocument Format (ODF) is now the main document exchange standard, with PDF being used for non-editable files.

External links