Old Sacramento State Historic Park

Old Sacramento Historic District
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark District
California Historical Landmark #812[1]
The Big Four Building, Old Sacramento
Location	Sacramento, California
Coordinates	38°34′58″N 121°30′12″W / 38.58278°N 121.50333°W / 38.58278; -121.50333Coordinates: 38°34′58″N 121°30′12″W / 38.58278°N 121.50333°W / 38.58278; -121.50333
Built	1849
Governing body	Local
NRHP Reference #	66000219
CHISL #	812[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	October 15, 1966
Designated NHLD	January 12, 1965[2]

Old Sacramento State Historic Park is located within the Old Sacramento Historic District of Sacramento, California. It is generally referred to as Old Sacramento, or Old Sac, and since the 1960s has been restored and developed as a significant tourist attraction. The Old Sacramento Historic District is a U.S. National Historic Landmark District.

History

The city of Sacramento grew up in the mid-nineteenth century as a development from Sutter's Fort. However, the Fort was some way from the Sacramento River, which was the main means of transport to the coast of California, and what was to become the modern city developed along the waterfront.

Before Sacramento's extensive levee system was in place, the area flooded quite regularly. Because of this, the city's streets were raised a level. Most of the sidewalks and storefronts have been filled in, however many tunnels still remain throughout Old Sacramento and the downtown area.

By the 1960s, the area had fallen into disrepair and disrepute. A large effort was made to secure the area's future as an outdoor living history center similar to Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia. Several historically significant buildings were moved or reconstructed. Those that were beyond repair were demolished.^[3]

Today, the Old Sacramento Historic District covers the area between the river frontage and Interstate 5, between I Street and the Capitol Mall. The State Historic Park comprises about a third of the total acreage of the district including half of the waterfront, a large grassy area and railroad features. Virtually all the buildings in this area date from the 19th century, the most notable from immediately after the disastrous fire of 1852, and show a reasonable approximation to their original appearance, though they have required varying degrees of reconstruction to restore to them to that state. However, few if any are in their original use, most of them now housing restaurants, gift shops, or other businesses catering to tourists.^[4]

Old Sacramento State Historic Park attracts over 5 million visitors annually. Regular events include the Sacramento Music Festival (formerly known as the Sacramento Jazz Jubilee), Gold Rush Days, New Years Eve events, the St. Patrick's Day Parade, the World Music and Dance Festival and Mardi Gras.

Architecture

While the architecture from this period is commonly attributed to Victorian gold miners, characteristics of West End, such as multi-storied buildings, large arched doorways, full-height balcony windows and the use of decorative wrought-iron balconies, were most ubiquitous in parts of Spain and the Spanish colonies. This influence may be attributed to the fact that the period of Spanish rule in California enjoyed immigration from all over the Atlantic, including Spain and the Canary Islands, and the Spanish colonies.^[5]

The architecture of Old Town Sacramento (formerly known as West End) exhibits observable characteristics similar to that of San Juan (Puerto Rico), Havana (Cuba), Tampico (Mexico), Seville (Spain), Santa Cruz de Teneriffe (Canary Islands), Madrid (Spain).^[6]

While the architectural style of Old Sacramento, with its wrought iron balconies and evenly-spaced full height windows may remind one of Paris, it should be noted that Sacramento's oldest buildings predate the Haussmann Projects that renovated large areas of Paris in that style. ^[7]

Historic buildings

Notable buildings include:

• B. F. Hastings Building, the National Historic Landmarked western terminal of the Pony Express and the first location of the California Supreme Court; features a branch of the Wells Fargo History Museum^[8]
• Big Four House, a National Historic Landmarked building constructed through the joint efforts of California's railroad pioneers: Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, Leland Stanford and Charles Crocker, known as The Big Four.
• Lady Adams Building - oldest non-residential building in Old Sacramento and is California Historical Landmark No. 603.
• Sacramento Engine Company No. 3, the oldest remaining firehouse in Sacramento
• Old Sacramento Schoolhouse Museum^[9]
• Eagle Theatre - only survived from 1849 to 1850 but has been reconstructed
• Booth Building
• Booth's residence on Front Street, the first U.S. governor's mansion in California.
• Morse Building

The first two are also individually designated National Historic Landmarks.

Memorials

The district contains many memorials to the founders of the city and of the California and transcontinental railroad and other transport systems, including the Theodore Judah monument and the Pony Express Statue.

Current attractions

Old Sacramento is the site of the California State Railroad Museum, the California State Military Museum, the Sacramento History Museum, the Wells Fargo History Museum and the Old Sacramento Interpretive Center.

Other attractions available for visitors include rides in horse-drawn carriages, historic trains from the former Central Pacific Railroad passenger station, and cruises on historic riverboats. A historic sternwheel riverboat, the Delta King, is moored in the river and serves as a hotel, restaurant and theater.

The Sacramento Valley Rail Station is just a short walk away.

Interpretive Programs

The Old Sacramento Historical Foundation manages several programs to highlight the history of the city, including historical reenactments by costumed docents, as well as tours of Old Sacramento's underground level. During October, there is also a special Halloween themed ghost tour.

Every Labor Day weekend, Old Sacramento holds its annual Gold Rush Days. During this time, the paved streets are covered with several tons of dirt and automobile traffic is barred from the area. Old Sac's regular corps of costumed docents is supplemented by extra volunteers and professional reenactors to recreate life in Sacramento as it was in the mid to late 1800s.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Old Sacramento State Historic Park.

• Old Sacramento State Historic Park - official site
• Old Sacramento Living History Program
• Old Sacramento Scavenger Hunt

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NRHPs in Sacramento County, California Alhambra Theatre Alkali Flat Central Historic District Alkali Flat North Historic District Alkali Flat West Historic District Alta Mesa Farm Bureau Hall American River Grange Hall No. 172 Bennett Mound Big Four House§ Blue Anchor Building Brewster Building Brewster House Brighton School California Governor's Mansion California State Capitol Calpak Plant Capitol Extension District Carly House Chung Wah Cemetery Cohn House Coolot Company Building Corn Springs Petroglyph Site Cranston-Geary House Crocker Gallery Delta Meadows Site Delta King Dunlap's Dining Room Eastern Star Hall Ehrhardt House Elk Grove Historic District Fair Oaks Bridge Federal Building Fire Station No. 6 Firehouse No. 3 Folsom Depot Folsom Powerhouse State Historic Park Gakuen Hall Galarneaux House Goethe House Greene House Heilbron House Hotel Regis Howe House Hubbard-Upson House I Street Bridge† Imperial Theatre Isleton Commercial Districts J Street Wreck Joe Mound Johnson House Kuchler Row Lais House Libby Cannery Liberty Schoolhouse Locke Historic District C. K. McClatchy High School Meister and Sons Carriage Factory Merchants National Bank Merrium Apartments Mesick House Natoma Ground Sluice Diggings Nisenan Village Site Old Sacramento Historic District Old Tavern Pony Express Terminal Rosebud Ranch Ruhstaller Building Runyon House Sacramento Air Depot Historic District Sacramento Bank Building Sacramento City Library Sacramento Hall of Justice Sacramento Historic City Cemetery Sacramento City College Historic District Sacramento Masonic Temple Sacramento Memorial Auditorium Sandy Cove Sego Milk Plant§ Senator Hotel Slocum House Southern Pacific Depot Stanford-Lathrop House Sutter's Fort Theodore Judah School Tower Bridge† Travelers' Hotel Van Voorhies House Wagner Duplex Walnut Grove Chinese-American Historic District Walnut Grove Commercial-Residential Historic District Walnut Grove Japanese-American Historic District Westminster Presbyterian Church Wetzlar House Winters House Witter Ranch Woodlake Site § - Removed but formerly an NRHP listing. † - Shared between Yolo and Sacramento Counties.

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