October 1964
The following events occurred in October 1964:
- Three thousand student activists at University of California, Berkeley surround and block a police car from taking a CORE volunteer arrested for not showing his ID, when he violated a ban on outdoor activist card tables. This protest eventually explodes into the Berkeley Free Speech Movement.
- The Shinkansen high-speed rail system is inaugurated in Japan, for the first sector between Tokyo and Osaka.[1]
- Born: Harry Hill, English comedian, in Woking, as Matthew Keith Hall
- Died: Ernst Toch, 76, Austrian composer
- The Kinks release their first album, The Kinks.
- The Southern Rhodesian government announces that, when Northern Rhodesia achieves independence as Zambia, the Southern Rhodesian government will officially become known as the Rhodesian Government and the colony will become known as Rhodesia.[6]
- US President Lyndon B. Johnson, campaigning for re-election, gives a speech at the Jung Hotel, New Orleans.[8]
- Leonid Brezhnev, head of the Supreme Soviet, calls premier Nikita Khrushchev to notify him of a special Presidium meeting to be held the following day, ostensibly on the subject of agriculture.[9] Khrushchev tells his friend and Presidium colleague Anastas Mikoyan that he suspects he is to be ousted as leader.
- The Soviet Union launches Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit, the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits. The flight is cut short and lands again on October 13 after 16 orbits.
- Opening of the 16th Audio Engineering Society Convention in New York, USA. It is at this conference that Dr. Robert Moog demonstrates his prototype synthesizers.[10]
- Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom concludes her official tour of Canada.
- American civil rights movement leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. becomes the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, which was awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to end racial prejudice in the United States.
- Nikita Khrushchev is deposed as leader of the Soviet Union, when the Presidium and the Central Committee each vote to accept Khrushchev's "voluntary" retirement from his offices; Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin assume power.
- Dutch cargo ship Doris is driven ashore in a storm at Naples, Italy. She capsizes and sinks.[11]
- Boeing B-50D-80-BO Superfortress, 48-065, converted to KB-50J, of the 421st Air Refueling Squadron, Takhli RTAFB, crashes in Thailand shortly after takeoff on a training mission while supporting Yankee missions over Laos. Corrosion found in the wreckage leads to early retirement of the KB-50 fleet and its replacement with Boeing KC-135s.[12]
- The Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion makes its first flight, at the Sikorsky plant in Stratford, Connecticut, USA, several months behind schedule.[13]
- The NY World's Fair closes for the year (it reopens April 21, 1965).
- Spanish cargo ship Tulipan runs aground on the Monach Islands, Outer Hebrides, United Kingdom. Thirteen of her fourteen crew are rescued by a Royal Air Force helicopter.[17]
- Kevin Berry breaks his own world record in the men's 200m butterfly (long course) on the last day of the swimming competition at the Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, with a time of 2:06.6.
- Born: Agnès Jaoui, French actress and screenwriter, in Antony, Hauts-de-Seine
- Ethiopian athlete Abebe Bikila becomes the first person to win the Olympic Marathon twice, only 40 days after having been operated on for appendicitis.[18]
- The film version of the hit Broadway stage musical My Fair Lady is premièred in New York City. The movie stars Audrey Hepburn in the role of Eliza Doolittle and Rex Harrison repeating his stage performance as Professor Henry Higgins, a role which will win him his only Academy Award for Best Actor. The film will win seven other Academy Awards, including Best Picture, but Audrey Hepburn will not be nominated. Critics interpret this as a rebuke to Jack L. Warner for choosing Hepburn over Julie Andrews.
- In Canada, a Federal Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects a design to become the new official Flag of Canada.
- The Nobel Prize for Literature is awarded to French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, despite the fact he has declined it in advance.[19]
- A 5.3 Kiloton nuclear device is detonated at the Tatum Salt Dome, 21 miles (34 km) from Hattiesburg, Mississippi as part of the Vela Uniform program. This test is the Salmon phase of the Atomic Energy Commission's Project Dribble.
- Northern Rhodesia, a former British protectorate, becomes the independent Republic of Zambia, ending 73 years of British rule.
- Cambodia shoots down a US plane that has crossed the border from Vietnam.
- The West German ship MV Magdeburg sinks after a collision with Japanese ship MV Yamashiro Maru, off Broadness Point, Northfleet, Kent, UK. It is later raised and sold,[26] but sinks whilst under tow in the Bay of Biscay whilst being delivered to its new owners.
- Campaigning at Madison Square Garden, New York, U.S. President Lyndon Johnson pledges the creation of the Great Society.
- A tornado causes the collapse of the hangar of 1° Gruppo Elicotteri (First Helicopter Group), Italian Navy, at the Naval Air Station at Maristaeli Catania, destroying five Sikorsky SH-34G Seabat: MM143899, c/n 58-599, '4-06'; MM143940, c/n 58-710, '4-07'; MM143949, c/n 58-745, '4-08'; MM80163, c/n 58-990, '21', '4-01', and MM80164, c/n 58-991, '22', '4-02'.[28]
- Jack Roland Murphy, known as "Murph the Surf", is arrested, with two accomplices, for the theft of the Star of India diamond two days earlier.
- Died: Theodore Freeman, 34, US astronaut, killed when a goose smashes through the cockpit canopy of his Northrop T-38A-50-NO Talon jet trainer, 63-8188, at Ellington AFB, Texas. Flying shards of Plexiglas enter the jet engine intake, causing the engine to flameout. Freeman ejects but is too close to the ground for his parachute to open properly. He is posthumously awarded the Purple Heart.
References
- ↑ "About the Shinkansen Outline". JR Central. March 2010. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
- ↑ Greenhalgh, David; Thomas B. Floyd; Bill Tuckey (2000). "1964 Here come the works team". Australia's Greatest Motor Race 1960-1999 The first 40 years. Hornsby: Chevron Publishing Group Pty Limited. pp. 122–129 & 452. ISBN 1-875221-12-3.
- ↑ "Bathurst 1964: Armstrong 500". Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2009-05-30.
- ↑ Daniel J. Chasan, "Moise Tshombe's Curious Position In the Line-Up of African Leaders", The Harvard Crimson, 10 November 1964.
- ↑ "NSSDC Master Catalog: Cosmos 47". National Space Science Data Center - NASA. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
- ↑ Southern Rhodesia Information Service Press Statement 980/64 A.G.C.
- ↑ Beatles Bible. Accessed 15 June 2013
- ↑ University of Virginia, Miller Center - Speech at the Jung Hotel, New Orleans (October 9, 1964). Accessed 16 June 2013
- ↑ Taubman, William (2003), Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, W.W. Norton & Co., ISBN 978-0-393-32484-6, p 5
- ↑ Moog, R. A. (1965). "Voltage-Controlled Electronic Music Modules". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 13 (3): 200–206.
- ↑ "Picture Gallery" The Times (London). Thursday, 15 October 1964. (56143), col C, p. 10.
- ↑ http://home.att.net/~jbaugher/1946.html
- ↑ S-65 Origins / US Marine CH-53A & CH-53D Sea Stallion, Vectorsite.net, 1 May 2006.
- ↑ "1964: Labour scrapes through". BBC News. April 5, 2005.
- ↑ "1964: Labour voters are 'bonkers' says Hogg". BBC News. October 12, 1964.
- ↑ National Library of Wales: James Griffiths Papers
- ↑ "Picture Gallery" The Times (London). Monday, 19 October 1964. (56146), col B, p. 8.
- ↑ Abebe Bikila. sports-reference.com
- ↑ Guardian archive: "Nobel Prize refused by Sartre". Accessed 16 June 2013
- ↑ Ed Sullivan Official Site. Accessed 15 June 2013
- ↑ "Helicopter Saves Two From Ship" The Times (London). Monday, 26 October 1964. (56152), col D, p. 10.
- ↑ "Cooke, Edgar Eric (1931 - 1964". abd. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ↑ William Blum, Killing Hope, 1995; p. 162.
- ↑ Olivier Lanote, "Chronology of the Democratic Republic of Congo/Zaire (1960-1997)", Encyclopedia of Mass Violence (online), 6 April 2010.
- ↑ Fondation Pierre Cartier
- ↑ Lane, Anthony (2009). Shipwrecks of Kent. Stroud: The History Press. pp. p33–34. ISBN 978-0-7524-1720-2.
- ↑ "Picture Gallery" The Times (London). Friday, 30 October 1964. (56156), col C-D, p. 8.
- ↑ Lundh, Lennart, "Sikorsky H-34: An Illustrated History", Schiffer Publishing Limited, Atglen, Pennsylvania, 1998, Library of Congress card number 97-80805, ISBN 978-0-7643-0522-1, pages 88-89.