Nyköping
Nyköping | ||
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images of Nyköping | ||
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Nyköping | ||
Coordinates: 58°45′11″N 17°00′31″E / 58.75306°N 17.00861°ECoordinates: 58°45′11″N 17°00′31″E / 58.75306°N 17.00861°E | ||
Country | Sweden | |
Province | Södermanland | |
County | Södermanland County | |
Municipality | Nyköping Municipality | |
Founded | 1187 | |
Area[1] | ||
• City | 13.43 km2 (5.19 sq mi) | |
Elevation | 20 m (70 ft) | |
Population (31 December 2010)[1] | ||
• City | 29,891 | |
• Density | 2,225/km2 (5,760/sq mi) | |
• Metro | 50,760 | |
Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
• Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
Postal code | 611 xx | |
Area code(s) | (+46) 155 | |
Website | www.nykoping.se (English) |
Nyköping (Swedish pronunciation: [nyːˈɕœpɪŋ])[2] is a locality and the seat of Nyköping Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 29,891 inhabitants in 2010.[1] The city is also the capital of Södermanland County. Including Arnö, the locality on the southern shore of the bay just a couple of kilometres from the city centre, Nyköping would have 33,762 inhabitants according to the same SCB source. Commonly, Arnö is referred to as a part of the city proper.
History
The area bears traces of settlers since around 2000 BC. In the early medieval age, around 1000 AD, Nyköping was a capital of one the many Swedish petty kingdoms. In the 13th century, construction on the Nyköping Fortress was begun; the following century it became the strongest fortress of the country. The coat of arms probably depicts the fortress, or one of its towers.
In 1317 the Nyköping Banquet took place, a renowned episode in Sweden's history, when King Birger of Sweden captured his two brothers as a revenge for earlier sufferings and had them imprisoned without food until they starved to death. (See Nyköpings gästabud.)
The earliest known charter dates from 1444, making it one of the now defunct Cities in Sweden. In the 16th century Nyköping became the seat of Duke Charles who later became Charles IX of Sweden. With the status of a Royal residential seat, Nyköping was at its peak of development.
In 1665 large parts of the city including the fortress were damaged in a fire. The same thing happened again in 1719 when Russian troops invaded the city. It was then rebuilt with its current street plan.
Nyköping was industrialized relatively early compared to the rest of Sweden. In the early 19th century, textile industry was established, and the population soon rose as Nyköping's industry grew. In 1879, C.A. Wedholms mejerikärlsfabrik was founded, starting to produce milk churns.
20th century
Nyköping was the town where Nordiska Kompaniet had its furniture factory. The business created a spin-off named ANA, which licence-built American and English cars. The company was later purchased by Saab Automobile and led to SAAB becoming the largest employer in the town during the 1980s, as well as the relocation of the headquarters to Spelhagen. But when GM bought SAAB from Investor AB, the headquarters was moved back to Trollhättan and about two thousand lost their jobs.[3]
Military history
Nyköping has been a stronghold for the reconnaissance squadrons of the Swedish Air Force. Between 1941 and 1980, the nearby Stockholm Skavsta Airport was hosting the F11 wing which had three squadrons with reconnaissance aircraft. It was the only dedicated reconnaissance wing in the Swedish Air Force. The city has also hosted the flying school of the Swedish Army which was located at Brandholmen between 1963 and 1985.
Geography
Nyköping is the exodus of a small river named Nyköpingsån, which runs through the city centre, dividing the city into a natural eastern and western part. Due to the narrowness of the river, there are a full seven crossings available for automobile traffic, one of them being for the E4. For pedestrians and bikers, an additional seven bridges are available, and in addition to that there's also one bridge for train traffic. All automobile bridges except E4 also carry pedestrian sidewalks, which means transport is seldom made longer than the actual distance. There is also a small pedestrian bridge in an unpopulated nature reserve called Hållet that is very close to the E4 route. The small river Kilaån separates Nyköping and Arnö, with that river being even narrower. Also separating Nyköping and Arnö is the so-called Stadsfjärden (the City bay), which is a bay stretching around the Arnö peninsula down to the neighboring municipality of Oxelösund. Stadsfjärden is primarily used for tourist shipping and canoeing, with an internationally renowned canoeing stadium being situated along the northern shore. The port is much smaller than Oxelösund's and is primarily used for civil traffic, as opposed to cargo shipments and ferry traffic which is dominated by nearby ports of Oxelösund and Nynäshamn. This is due to the port being some 15 kilometres from open sea as opposed to Oxelösund's position on the edge of the peninsula. Even though Nyköping is a relatively flat city there are some hills in the northern parts of the town, barely reaching 50 metres altitude. The city centre is essentially just above sea level and doesn't rise above 20 metres altitude, although it contains hills surrounding it.
Populated areas of Nyköping
- Brandholmen
- Brandkärr
- Bryngelstorp
- Ekensberg
- Fågelbo
- Isaksdal
- Harg
- Herrhagen (at Arnö)
- Högbrunn
- Kuggnäs (at Arnö)
- Långsätter (at Arnö)
- Malmbryggshagen
- Oppeby
- Oxbacken
- Påljungshage
- Rosenkälla
- Stenkulla
- Väster (the West)
- Öster (the East)
- Östra bergen (the Eastern Mountains)
The area of Gumsbacken only carries a large shopping mall centre but is part of the city proper.
Connected areas
The rural localities of Sjösa, Bergshammar, Svalsta and Enstaberga located within 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) are connected to the city centre by cycle tracks with permanent floodlightning. In addition there is a nature and coastal area called Tjuvholmen east of the city centre that is part of the locality with many holiday homes. Tjuvholmen lacks an asphalted access road and is in general seen as a rural area in spite of its proximity to the city centre. East of Arnö on the southern shore there are similar areas such as Örstig which is connected by asphalt road and cycle tracks to Arnö and Nyköping. Other nearby rural areas on the southern shore include holiday home areas such as Linudden and Örstigsnäs and also the coastal camping place of Strandstugeviken. There is also lighted cycling tracks all the way south roughly 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to neighbouring city Oxelösund, making pedestrian and biking transport to nearby areas effective and avoids potentially dangerous contacts with motor vehicles.
Transportation
Buses
Nyköping's intercity and city bus-links are operated by Nobina Sverige. The city bus network consists of five lines:[4]
Number | Origin | Final destination | Frequency | Distance |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bryngelstorp | Harg | Every 15 minutes | 11.4 km (7.1 mi) |
2 | Arnö | Brandkärr | Every 15 minutes | 7.8 km (4.8 mi) |
3 | Bus station | Brandholmen | Twice an hour | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) |
161 | Bus station | Bus station | 10 times/day | NA |
162 | Bus station | Bus station | 10 times/day | NA |
Coaches to Stockholm and Gothenburg are operated by Swebus.
Rail
The city is located on a branch line to the Södra stambanan. Scheduled railway connections on the line is provided by SJ AB. These are mostly operated by Electric Multiple Units of which the SJ X40 is the most common. Commuter trains towards Norrköping may be operated by X12s. SJ does currently not operate any X 2000 services to Nyköping.
Line | Vehicles | Operator |
---|---|---|
Gävle-Stockholm-Linköping | SJ Rc • SJ X40 | SJ AB |
Norrköping | SJ X12 | SJ AB |
Stockholm-Malmö | Bombardier TRAXX • Eurosprinter | Veolia operated by Hector Rail. |
Air
Stockholm-Skavsta Airport offers intra-European routes on Ryanair and Wizz Air.
Climate
Nyköping has, along with the rest of Mälardalen, a relatively mild humid continental climate.[5] Winter averages around the freezing point during daytime with only the cold nights bringing the climate classification to humid continental rather than oceanic. Summer average highs are between 20 °C (68 °F) and 23 °C (73 °F) depending on month and weather patterns. However, both summers and winters have been significantly warmer and colder, respectively, than the averages. Temperatures over 30 °C (86 °F) are occasional but not overly common, with temperatures above 32 °C (90 °F) unknown in recent decades.[6]
Climate data for Nyköping | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 0 (32) |
0 (32) |
3 (37) |
8 (46) |
15 (59) |
20 (68) |
22 (72) |
22 (72) |
15 (59) |
11 (52) |
5 (41) |
1 (34) |
10.2 (50.4) |
Average low °C (°F) | −6 (21) |
−6 (21) |
−4 (25) |
0 (32) |
5 (41) |
9 (48) |
13 (55) |
11 (52) |
7 (45) |
4 (39) |
−1 (30) |
−5 (23) |
2.25 (36.05) |
Source: SMHI.se[7] |
Sports
Nyköping has two major sport clubs:
- Nyköpings Boll-och Idrottsällskap is the local Division 1 football club;[8] they play their home matches at the Rosvalla Nyköping Eventcenter.
- Nyköpings Hockey is the local ice hockey club; its home rink is PEAB Arena.
The city is yet to have a team in the major football or hockey leagues of Sweden, with stints in the second tiers being the greatest achievements for both sides.
Sights
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City hall
-
Library and cultural center
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Vattugränd, The oldest street in Nyköping
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Westerlingska gården
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Rosvalla Highrise
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Brandholmen Seaside houses
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Sankta Anna Catholic Church
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Sankta Katarina Lutheran Church, Arnö
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Hjortensberg Pentecostal Church
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Villa Sturegården, by architect Gunnar Asplund
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Former headquarters of Sunlights AB
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Spelhagen, former location of AB Nyköpings Automobilfabrik
Twin cities
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Tätorternas landareal, folkmängd och invånare per km2 2005 och 2010" (in Swedish). Statistics Sweden. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
- ↑ Duden Aussprachewörterbuch gives Swedish pronunciation: [ˌnyːçøːpiŋ]
- ↑ http://www.sn.se/polopoly_fs/1.561819.1259760309!/sn-saab-20090131.pdf
- ↑ "Här kan du ladda ned din tidtabell och karta för stadstrafiken i Nyköping" (in Swedish). Lanstrafiken.se. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ↑ "Nykoping, Sweden Climate Summary". Weatherbase. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ↑ "Nykoping, Sweden Temperature averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ↑ "Weather Information for Nyköping 1961-1990". Swedish Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
- ↑ "Nyköpings BIS – Fotboll Klubb". Retrieved 2010-09-16.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nyköping. |
- Official website (English)
- Visit Nyköping - The official visitors' guide
- Nyköping Facebook - The official Facebook-page
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