Northern Inca Empire

The Northern Inca Empire was almost coterminous with the former Chinchay Suyu province

The Northern Inca Empire was a temporary found state in western South America. The Northern Confederacy, consisting of the parts of the "regular" Inca Empire, was formed in 1527 when the Inca Huayna Capac died. After his will, the empire was divided between the "right" heir Huáscar, who received the traditional empire, ruled from Cuzco apart from those areas given to the Northern Inca Empire, with Quito as capital. Atahualpa, the favorite son, inherited this new, sovereign empire who stretched from Cajamarca in south to southern Colombia in the north. However, though Huáscar had inherited more than 90% of the original Empire's area, he ordered his brother and general Atoc to invade the north in 1529.
Cajamarca, the latter place of battle between Atahualpa and the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro, was briefly seized, and the "second Cuzco", Tumebamba, did defect to Huáscar shortly after.
After initial setbacks, Atahualpa however managed to halt the southern advance at Mullihambato and later won a stunning victory in the battle of Chimborazo, much to the help of his generals Quizquiz, Rumiñawi and Chalcuchimac. Tumebamba was recaptured and razed, its Cañaris population massacred, and Huáscar forced to evacuate the north.
In 1532, the although so superior southern empire was yet again defeated at Quipaipan, Huáscar was caught and Cuzco seized by Quizquiz. Atahualpa stayed himself in Cajamarca and was the same year caught by Spanish explorers. However, the capture of the Sapa Inca (Huáscar) and his capital in early 1532 marked the end of this empire as the empire was reunited under Atahualpa's reign. His luck was short found, however, as he himself was defeated and captured seven months later in Cajamarca. The capital of Quito was burnt to the ground in 1535 by his half-brother Rumiñahui.

Pre-Columbian civilizations and cultures
Americas	Paleo-Indians · Genetic history · Archaeology of the Americas · Indigenous peoples of the Americas
North America	North American pre-Columbian cultures – Caddoan Mississippian – Chichimeca –Hopewell tradition – Coles Creek – Fremont – Marksville – Mississippian – Mogollon – Plaquemine – Plum Bayou – Poverty Point – Troyville – Weeden Island –
Mesoamerica	Mesoamerican pre-Columbian chronology – Capacha – Cholula – Coclé – Epi-Olmec – Huastec – Izapa – Mezcala – Mixtec – Olmec – Pipil – Quelepa – Shaft tomb tradition – Teuchitlan – Tarascan – Teotihuacan – Tlatilco – Tlaxcaltec – Toltec – Totonac – Veracruz – Xochipala – Zapotec
South America	South American Indigenous people – pre-Columbian chronology – Cañaris – Chachapoya – Chancay – Chavín – Chimú – El Abra – Hydraulic culture of mounds (Bolivia) – Las Vegas – Lima – La Tolita (Tumaco) – Manteño-Guancavilca – Mapuche – Moche – Mollo – Muisca (Chibchas) – Nariño – Nazca – Norte Chico – Quimbaya – San Agustín – Shuar – Sican – Taino – Tairona – Tiwanaku – Tierradentro – Valdivia – Wari
	Aztec	Maya civilization	Inca Empire – Andean civilizations
Language	Nahuatl	Mayan languages	Quechua
Writing	Aztec writing	Maya script	Quipu
Religion	Aztec religion	Maya religion	Inca religion
Mythology	Aztec mythology	Maya mythology	Inca mythology
Calendar	Aztec calendar	Maya calendar
Society	Aztec society	Maya society	Inca society
Infrastructure	Chinampas	Maya architecture	Inca architecture (road system) Incan agriculture
History	Aztec history		Inca history
People	Moctezuma I Moctezuma II Cuitláhuac Cuauhtémoc	K'inich Janaab' Pakal Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil Jasaw Chan K'awiil I	Manco Cápac Pachacuti Atahualpa Manco Inca Yupanqui Túpac Amaru II
Conquest	Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire (Hernán Cortés)	Spanish conquest of the Maya Spanish conquest of Yucatán (Francisco de Montejo) Spanish conquest of Guatemala (Pedro de Alvarado)	Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire (Francisco Pizarro)
See also
Portal:Indigenous peoples of North America – Portal:Mesoamerica – Columbian Exchange – Mesoamerican writing systems – Native American cuisine – Native American pottery – Population history of the indigenous peoples of the Americas – Pre-Columbian art – Painting in the Americas before Colonization