Northern Highland

The Northern Highland is a geographical region covering much of the northern territory of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The region stretches from the state border with Minnesota in the west to the Michigan border in the east, and from Douglas and Bayfield Counties in the north to Wood and Portage Counties in the south. While most of northern Wisconsin is within the Northern Highland region, a short belt of land along the coast of Lake Superior is not included in the area, and is instead part of the Lake Superior Lowland. Outside of Wisconsin, the highland stretches northward in Canada through the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and the Canadian Shield in Northern Ontario and Quebec to Labrador and Hudson Bay.

Geography

Wisconsin can be divided into five geographic regions. The Northern Highland is highlighted in yellow.
Timms Hill, the highest natural point in Wisconsin is located in the Northern Highlands in the Town of Hill, Price County.

The Northern Highland was once a mountain range similar to the Alps or Rocky Mountains of today. Over hundreds of millions of years, these mountains were worn down and flattened out by erosion and glaciation. Today the region is mostly a smooth plain, but it remains higher than the rest of the state and some hilly regions continue to exist. Located near the center of the region, Timms Hill in Price County is the highest point in Wisconsin. It has an elevation of 1,951 feet above sea level. Other hills such as Rib Mountain also approach this elevation.

Whether hilly or flat, most of the Northern Highland is covered in woodlands. The most common trees of the Northern Highland are the Sugar Maple, Aspen, Basswood, Hemlock, and Yellow Birch, as well as Red and White Pine. A large amount of the forestland in the region is included within the 1,519,800 acre (6,150 km²) Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest. State and county forests also cover a significant part of the region, and only a small portion of the land is devoted to agriculture. There are also few urban areas. The largest city in the region is Wausau, with a population of 38,426. Other principal cities include Merrill, Rhinelander, and Ladysmith. Despite the absence of large cities, tourism is an important part of the local economy. The region’s numerous lakes and forests make it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts during the summer season.

This is part of a northern Wisconsin area colloquially referred to as "up north."[1]

Northern Highland Lake District

The Northern Highland Lake District consists of an array of lakes. "This geological province is characterized by primarily Precambrian bedrock capped by a thin layer of sedimentary rocks left by the Paleozoic seas. On top of this are glacial deposits left by the Woodfordian and Valderan substages of the Wisconsin glaciers. The soils are infertile glacial outwash with reduced cation exchange capacity, leaving them susceptible to acidification and bog formation. As the Valderian glaciation (ca. 12,000 years ago) receded, the kettle basins of Paul, Peter, and Tuesday Lakes arose from the melting of blocks of ice in the glacial drift."[2]

Wildlife

The wildlife of the Northern Highlands includes whitetail deer, timber wolves, elk, moose, and bear. With a growing population of the timber wolf, Wisconsin officials have agreed to allow a lottery system for the hunting of these wolves.

Counties in the Northern Highland

Part or all of the land in the following counties is included in the Northern Highland of Wisconsin:

References

  1. ↑ Alden, Sharyn; Stoga, Stan, Editor (March 1, 1999). Up North Wisconsin: A Region for All Seasons (Paperback). Madison, Wisconsin: Trails Books. p. 176. ISBN 0915024691. ISBN 978-0915024698
  2. ↑ Kitchell, James F. and Stephen R. Carpenter (1993). The Trophic Cascade in Lakes. Cambridge University Press. p. 399. ISBN 0-521-43145-X.

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