North and South (trilogy)

North and South is a 1980s trilogy of best-selling novels by John Jakes which take place before, during, and after the American Civil War.^[1] The saga tells the story of the enduring friendship between Orry Main of South Carolina and George Hazard of Pennsylvania, who become best friends while attending the United States Military Academy at West Point but later find themselves and their families on opposite sides of the war.^[1] The slave-owning Mains are rural gentleman planters while the big-city Hazards live by manufacturing and industry, their differences reflecting the real divisions between North and South which ultimately led to war.

The first novel, North and South, was published in 1982, and was followed by Love and War in 1984.^[2] The trilogy was completed with Heaven and Hell in 1987.^[3] All three novels debuted on The New York Times Best Seller list,^[4][5][6] with North and South reaching #1 within four weeks on February 28, 1982.^[7][8] All three novels were also ranked within the top ten hardcover fiction bestsellers for their respective years by Publishers Weekly.^[9] As of 2007, ten million copies of the trilogy remain in print.^[10][11]

The novels were each adapted into television miniseries starring Patrick Swayze and James Read in 1985, 1986, and 1994. The first installment, 1985's North and South, remains the seventh-highest rated miniseries in TV history.^[10][11][12]

Novels

North and South (1982)

North and South

First edition cover
Author	John Jakes
Published	1982 (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich)
Pages	740
ISBN	0-15-166998-8
OCLC	7946770
Dewey Decimal	813/.54 19
LC Class	PS3560.A37 N6
Followed by	Love and War

Published in 1982, North and South introduces the rice-growing Mains of South Carolina and the ironworking Hazards of Pennsylvania, whose respective scions Orry and George meet and become friends at West Point. Over the next two decades (1842–1861) the men fight in the Mexican–American War, suffer various family conflicts, and witness the increasing discord between the North and South regions of the United States.^[1]

Plot

Orry Main from South Carolina and George Hazard from Pennsylvania meet on their way to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. They soon become close friends, frequently confronting their regional differences within the frame of their friendship. During their time at the academy, Orry and George are tormented by a sadistic Georgian cadet named Elkanah Bent, but in time are able to effect Bent's expulsion from the academy.

The companions graduate and become officers in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. On the way to Mexico, George courts a young Irish woman in Texas named Constance. George and Orry end up in the Battle of Vera Cruz, where Orry's arm is badly wounded and eventually amputated. He is sent home, but George stays. George is later released from the Army due to his father's death, and he and Constance return to Pennsylvania and marry. George and Orry eventually meet up again and resume their friendship, as tensions increase between the North and South. Soon, Orry's younger sister Brett falls in love with George's younger brother Billy. Later, Billy is a classmate of Orry's cousin Charles at West Point.

In 1858, as Orry is planning a trip to Pennsylvania, Brett begs him to take her with him so they can continue to St. Louis, where Billy is stationed with the Corps of Engineers. On the train back to South Carolina, the train is stopped by raiders under the command of the radical abolitionist John Brown, in the town of Harper's Ferry, then part of the state of Virginia. Brett and Orry are sent on their way to South Carolina unharmed.

Two years after the Mains and Hazards rendezvous in Pennsylvania, Billy joins the U.S. Army as the American Civil War draws near. Stationed only a few miles away from the Mains' plantation, in Major Robert Anderson's garrison at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, Billy is given leave and marries Brett the next day. A few nights later, Confederate forces under the command of Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard open fire on Fort Sumter, setting off the Civil War. Orry and George say their final goodbye before the war, hoping for the best for each other.

Reception

North and South debuted at #12 on The New York Times Best Seller list,^[4] and reached #1 within four weeks on February 28, 1982.^[7][8] It was later ranked the #8 hardcover fiction bestseller of 1982 by Publishers Weekly.^[9]

Love and War (1984)

Love and War

First edition cover
Author	John Jakes
Published	1984 (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich)
Pages	1019
ISBN	0-15-154496-4
OCLC	10924093
Dewey Decimal	813/.54 19
LC Class	PS3560.A37 L6 1984
Preceded by	North and South
Followed by	Heaven and Hell

The saga continues in 1984's Love and War, which follows the Mains and Hazards for the duration of the American Civil War (1861–1865). Orry finally marries his star-crossed love Madeline, but he is later killed. Both families have their share of suffering before the war is over.^[2]

Reception

Love and War debuted at #5 on The New York Times Best Seller list,^[5] and rose as high as #2.^[13] It was later ranked the #4 hardcover fiction bestseller of 1984 by Publishers Weekly,^[9] and #7 by The New York Times.^[14]

Heaven and Hell (1987)

Heaven and Hell

First edition cover
Author	John Jakes
Published	1987 (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich)
Pages	700
ISBN	0-15-131075-0
OCLC	16085535
Dewey Decimal	813/.54 19
LC Class	PS3560.A37 H4 1987
Preceded by	Love and War

The trilogy concludes with 1987's Heaven and Hell, as the Mains and Hazards face more challenges and obstacles while weathering the post-war Reconstruction era.^[3] Set chiefly between 1865 and 1868, the novel follows Orry's cousin Charles Main, a veteran of the Confederate Army who fights in the subsequent wars with the Native Americans and must recover from the trauma of his violent life. The presumed-dead Bent murders George's wife Constance and targets the Mains and Hazards for complete destruction, while Orry's widow Madeline, previously revealed to be an octoroon, becomes a target of a new, fanatical, and dangerous group called the Ku Klux Klan.^[3]

One chapter of the book has the Main and Hazard families, finally at peace, gathering together at the 1876 Centennial Exposition. The final chapter flashes forward to 1883 when the sons of Charles Main and Billy Hazard enter West Point, just as their fathers did and just as George and Orry did in 1842.

Reception

Heaven and Hell debuted at #8 on The New York Times Best Seller list,^[6] and rose as high as #2.^[15] It was later ranked the #9 hardcover fiction bestseller of 1987 by Publishers Weekly.^[9]

TV adaptations

North and South was adapted into a six-part television miniseries for ABC, which premiered on November 3, 1985. Starring Patrick Swayze as Orry Main and James Read as George Hazard, it remains the seventh-highest rated miniseries in TV history.^[10][11][12] Its sequel, an adaptation of Love and War called North and South: Book II for television, debuted on May 4, 1986, with similar success. A final installment, Heaven and Hell: North and South Book III, premiered on February 27, 1994, but it failed to match the success of its predecessors.

The miniseries follow the general plot of the novels, although the focus is shifted from the friction between the North and South to the love story between Orry Main and Madeline Fabray LaMotte. Notable departures from the books are Swayze's Orry surviving through the end of Love and War (only to be murdered by Bent at the beginning of Heaven and Hell), Kirstie Alley's Virginia Hazard not surviving, Elkanah Bent being a wiry Georgian instead of an obese Ohioan, and Cooper Main being omitted from the first two series.

References

External links

• North and South: JohnJakes.com