New Zealand general election, 1960
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The 1960 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 33rd term. It saw the governing Labour Party defeated by the National Party, putting an end to the short second Labour government.
Background
The Labour Party had won the 1957 elections by a narrow margin, beginning New Zealand's second period of Labour government. However, the new administration soon lost its narrow lead in public opinion, with its financial policies being the principal cause of dissatisfaction. The so-called "Black Budget", introduced by Arnold Nordmeyer, increased taxes substantially, with particularly large increases for alcohol and tobacco taxes; Labour became widely seen as both miserly and puritanical. The government defended its tax increases as a necessary measure to avert a balance of payments crisis, but the opposition, led by Keith Holyoake, made substantial gains out of the issue.
The election
The date for the main 1960 elections was 26 November. 1,310,742 people were registered to vote, and turnout was 89.8%. This turnout was slightly lower than what had been recorded in the previous elections. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902.
Results
The 1960 election saw the governing Labour Party defeated by a twelve-seat margin. It had previously held a two-seat majority. Labour won a total of 34 seats, while the National Party won 46.[1] In the popular vote, Labour won 43.42% to National's 47.59%,[2] becoming the second National government.
The Social Credit Party won 8.62% of the vote, but no seats.[3] Three of their candidates missed the nomination deadline, and the opening address of the party leader P. H. Matthews was not noteworthy.
Three new National members of parliament were called the Young Turks: Peter Gordon, Duncan MacIntyre and Rob Muldoon.[4] The other new National MPs were Esme Tombleson, Bill Brown, Harry Lapwood, Logan Sloane, Bert Walker, and Dan Riddiford.[5]
| Election results | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats won | Change | |
| National | 557,046 | 47.6 | 46 | +7 | |
| Labour | 508,179 | 43.4 | 34 | -7 | |
| Social Credit | 100,905 | 8.6 | - | ±0 | |
| Communist | 2,423 | 0.2 | - | ±0 | |
| Others | 1,950 | 0.2 | - | ±0 | |
| Total | 1,170,503 | 80 | |||
Votes summary
The (incomplete) table below shows the results of the 1960 general election:
Key
Table footnotes:
Bibliography
- The New Zealand Gazette "Members of the House of Representatives Elected - General Election" (20 December 1960) issue 84 page 2002.
Notes
- ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 288.
- ↑ Wilson 1985, p. 290.
- ↑ Wilson 1985, pp. 288, 290.
- ↑ "Obituary: Duncan MacIntyre". The New Zealand Herald. 16 June 2001. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 85.
- ↑ Norton 1988.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 386.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 383.
References
- Chapman, R M; Jackson, W K; Mitchell, A V (1962). New Zealand Politics in Action: the 1960 General Election. London: Oxford University Press.
- Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
- Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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