New Zealand general election, 1957
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The 1957 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the Parliament of New Zealand's 32nd term. It saw the governing National Party narrowly defeated by the Labour Party. The 1957 elections marked the beginning of the second Labour government, although this administration was to last only a single term.
Background
The National Party had formed its first administration after the 1949 elections, and had been re-elected in the 1951 elections and the 1954 elections. As its third term in office continued, however, the Prime Minister, Sidney Holland, became increasingly ill. Holland's memory began to fail, and he is believed to have suffered a mild heart attack during the Suez Crisis. In early 1957, Holland was persuaded by his party to step down, and Keith Holyoake, his deputy, became Prime Minister. The Labour Party was still led by Walter Nash, who had been Finance Minister in the first Labour government.
The 1957 election campaign was dominated largely by financial issues, particularly introduction of the PAYE tax system. As a campaign promise, Labour announced that in the year that PAYE commenced, there would be a flat rebate of £100 on income tax — National attacked this as an election bribe. Labour also campaigned to abolish compulsory military training. National made no great changes to its policy platform, and Holyoake largely retained the Cabinet he had inherited from his predecessor.
The election
The date for the main 1957 elections was 30 November. 1,252,329 people were registered to vote, and turnout was 92.9%. This turnout, although only average for the time, was not to be equalled or exceeded until the 1984 elections. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902.
The Labour candidate for Clutha, R S Waters, died the day before the general election, and the election there was postponed to 18 January 1958.[1]
Election results
Party standings
The 1957 election saw the governing National Party defeated by a narrow two-seat margin. It had previously held a ten-seat majority. National won a total of thirty-nine seats, while the Labour Party won forty-one. In the popular vote, National won 44% to Labour's 48%. The Social Credit Party won 7% of the vote, a drop from its previous result of 11%. It still won no seats.
| Election results | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Total votes | Percentage | Seats won | change | |
| Labour | 559,096 | 48.31 | 41 | +6 | |
| National | 511,699 | 44.21 | 39 | -6 | |
| Social Credit | 83,498 | 7.21 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Communist | 706 | 0.06 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Independents | 2,366 | 0.20 | 0 | ±0 | |
| Total | 1,157,365 | 80 | |||
Votes summary
Initial MPs
The table below shows the results of the 1957 general election:
Key
Table footnotes:
By-elections during 32nd Parliament
There was one by-election held during the term of the 32nd Parliament.
| Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hamilton | 1959 | 2 May | Hilda Ross | Death | Lance Adams-Schneider | |||
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Norton 1988, pp. 209.
- ↑ Norton 1988, pp. ?.
- ↑ Norton 1988, p. 197.
- ↑ Norton 1988, p. 220.
- ↑ Norton 1988, p. 224.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, pp. 364f.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 381.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 386.
- ↑ Gustafson 1986, p. 390.
- ↑ Espiner, Guyon (3 March 2012). "Profile: Labour deputy Grant Robertson". New Zealand Listener. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
References
- Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
- Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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