Neo-Attic

The Gradiva, an example of a Neo-Attic sculpture
Another Neo-Attic relief (British Museum)

Neo-Attic or Atticizing is a sculptural style, beginning in Hellenistic sculpture and vase-painting of the 2nd century BCE and climaxing in Roman art of the 2nd century CE, copying, adapting or closely following the style shown in reliefs and statues of the Classical (5th–4th centuries BCE) and Archaic (6th century BCE) periods.[1] It was first produced by a number of Neo-Attic workshops at Athens,[2] which began to specialize in it, producing works for purchase by Roman connoisseurs, and was taken up in Rome, probably by Greek artisans.

The Neo-Attic mode, a reaction against the baroque extravagances of Hellenistic art,[3] was an early manifestation of Neoclassicism, which demonstrates how self-conscious the later Hellenistic art world had become. Neo-Attic style emphasises grace and charm, serenity and animation,[4] correctness of taste in adapting a reduced canon of prototypical figures and forms, in crisp, tamed and refined execution.

This style designation was introduced by the German classical archaeologist and art historian Friedrich Hauser (1859-1917), in Die Neuattischen Reliefs (Stuttgart: Verlag von Konrad Wittwer, 1889). The corpus that Hauser called "Neo-Attic" consists of bas-reliefs molded on decorative vessels and plaques, employing a figural and drapery style that looked for its canon of "classic" models to late fifth and early fourth-century Athens and Attica.

Notes

  1. ↑ M. Bieber, The Sculpture of the Hellenistic Age 2nd ed. (New York) 1961:182-86.
  2. ↑ Several sculptors specifically identified themselves as Athenians in inscriptions: see W. Fuchs, Die Verbilder der neuattischen Reliefs (Berlin) 1959.
  3. ↑ Compare the expressive violence and agony of Laocoön and His Sons.
  4. ↑ Gisela Richter praised the serenity and animation of a neo-Attic marble vase, ca first century BCE-first century CE, purchased for the Metropolitan Museum of Art (Richter, "A Neo-Attic Marble Vase" The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 19.1 (January 1924:10-13), calling the phase "a period of good taste rather than creative ability" (p. 11).