National Dairy Research Institute

National Dairy Research Institute राष्ट्रीय दुग्ध अनुसंधान संस्थान
Established	1923
Type	Research Institution
Director	Dr. A. K. Srivastava
Campus	1384 Acres
Website	www.ndri.res.in

The National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal is India's premier institute for dairy research.^[1] The institute was accorded the status of Deemed University in the year 1989.

History

The National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal was originally started as Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying in 1923 at Bangalore. It was expanded and renamed as Imperial Dairy Institute in 1936 and was known as National Dairy Research Institute after independence in 1947. Subsequently, in 1955, NDRI headquarters was shifted to Karnal. Facilities at Bangalore were retained to function as a Regional Station to serve the Southern States.

In 1964, Eastern Regional Station of the Institute was established at Kalyani, West Bengal. Both these Regional Stations continue to provide region specific R&D support for dairy development in these areas. In 1970, NDRI was brought under the wings of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research to provide greater operational autonomy to the Institute in research management functions.

In 1989, status of Deemed University was conferred to the Institute for further strengthening the academic programmes for human resource development.

In 1990, with the birth of "Pratham", the first IVF buffalo calf of the world, NDRI reached a significant milestone.

The National Dairy Research Institute as the premier Dairy Research Institution undertakes research, teaching and extension activities towards dairy development in the country. Being the National Institute, it conducts basic and applied research with the objective to enhance animal productivity and also to develop cost effective technologies for the benefit of the teeming millions. Further, the Institute provides high quality manpower to meet the human resource requirements for the overall dairy development in the country. The Institute also undertakes extension programmes for transferring the know-how from the laboratory to the farmers’ fields.

Courses Offered

Doctorate/Ph.D Programme The Institute offers Ph.D. programmes in twelve disciplines. The programme consists of course work for two semesters followed by research work for the thesis. The course work is offered at karnal campus whereas the scholars can be allotted to different laboratories/guides located at ERS Kalyani and SRS, Bangaluru for the thesis work. All Ph.D. scholars are supported by the Institute through award of Institute Fellowship.

List of Disciplines 1. Dairy Microbiology 2. Dairy Chemistry 3. Dairy Technology 4. Dairy Engineering 5. Animal Biochemistry 6. Animal Biotechnology 7. Animal Genetics & Breeding 8. Livestock Production & Management 9. Animal Nutrition 10. Animal Physiology 11. Agricultural Economics/ Livestock Economics/ Dairy Economics 12. Dairy Extension Education 13. Agronomy (Forage Production)

Masters Programme

The institute offers Master in dairying for graduates in pure sciences and for graduates with professional degrees.

Master's programme in following 12 disciplines is offered at Karnal. 1. Dairy Microbiology 2. Dairy Chemistry 3. Dairy Technology 4. Dairy Engineering 5. Animal Biochemistry 6. Animal Biotechnology 7. Animal Genetics & Breeding 8. Livestock Production & Management 9. Animal Nutrition 10. Animal Physiology 11. Agricultural Economics/ Livestock Economics/ Dairy Economics 12. Dairy Extension Education 13. Agronomy (Forage Production)

B-Tech (Dairy Technology)

This highly sought after four year degree (8 semester) programme offers intensive training in processing and quality control of milk and dairy products and engineering aspects of dairy processing equipments.

Events held at NDRI

• Eighth Convocation; APJ Abdul Kalam's Address^[2]
• Twelve Convocation; happened on 14 February 2014

Animal Biotechnology Centre Achievements

• PRATHAM: National Dairy Research Institute has gathered world repute by making the first IVF (in vitro fertilization) buffalo in the world.

• SAMRUPA: The world's first cloned buffalo calf, was to be India's answer to Dolly the sheep. But unlike Dolly, the first mammal cloned 13 years ago, who lived for seven years, Samrupa succumbed to a lung infection, five days after it was born.^[3]

• First cloned Calf: On Feb 6, 2009, the first cloned calf was born; it survived for only six days and died on February 11. The Scientists of NDRI had developed a landmark technique and had created the first cloned buffalo calf.^[4]

• GARIMA: The world’s second cloned buffalo calf through the Advanced Hand-guided Cloning Technique was born at NDRI, Karnal on June 6, 2009. It survived for more than two years but she died of heart failure on August 18, 2011.

• Gamini: On Aug 22, 2010 a cloned calf of female buffalo ‘Garima-2’ nicknamed Gamini was born from embryonic stem cell; she is the mother to a calf named ‘Mahima’.

• Shrestha: On Aug 26, 2010 a cloned calf of male buffalo 'Shrestha' was born from somatic cell of an ear from an elite bull; it is producing a good-quality of fertile semen.

• Noori: On 9 March 2012, world's first pashmina goat was born and was named Noori. She is a healthy female and the first pashmina goat to produced by a process of cloning using the nuclear transfer method. Noori was produced at the Centre of Animal Biotechnology at Sher-i-Kashmir Agriculture University for Science and Technology (SKAUST), in Kashmir, India. Funded by World Bank, the clone project was a jointly worked by SKAUST and National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI).

• Mahima: On 25th January 2013 at 1.51 PM by normal parturition a female calf was born from cloned buffalo Garima. NDRI has named the newborn female calf “Mahima”. In the world, it is the first calf born from cloned buffaloes, produced through hand guided cloning technique. Mahima weighs 32 kg,

• Swaran: On Mar 18, 2013 a clone of male buffalo ‘Swaran’ born from the somatic cell of semen; it is alive and healthy.

• Purnima: On Sept 6, 2013 a clone of female buffalo ‘Purnima’ born from high milk-yielding animal; it survived for 21 days before dying.

• Lalima: On May 2, 2014 'Lalima’ was born through the NDRI's ‘hand-guided cloning technique’.

• Rajat: On July 23, 2014 a male cloned calf named 'RAJAT’ was produced through the "Hand-guided Cloning Technique‟.

Dairy Achievements

• Two strains of cattle, namely Karan Swiss and Karan Fries developed by crossbreeding, followed by selection.
• Cytogenetic profiles of various breeds of cattle, buffaloes and goats elucidated .
• Development of Hansa test for detection of adulteration of cow milk with buffalo milk.
• Development of ‘Degcure’ for curing Degnala disease.
• Urea-molasses block lick development for use as a good source of nitrogen and minerals to cattle during scarcity period.
• Protocol for induction of lactation in indigenous cows and buffaloes development.
• Procedures development and standardized for estrus synchronization and super ovulation different hormone combinations in cattle and buffaloes.
• Ten calves produced from a single donor cow in one year’s time through ETT.
• Protocol for embryo transfer technology standardized for cattle and buffalo
• The world first in vitro fertilized buffalo calf born at NDRI. Since then more buffalo calves using this technology have been produced.
• Protocols for transferring IVF goat embryos to synchronized recipient goats using laparoscopy standardized resulting in the birth of first in vitro fertilized goat kid in the country at NDRI.
• A large animal treadmill for cattle and buffaloes fabricated for experimentation on work capacity to determine draught animal power in bullocks. This treadmill is the only one of its kind in India and South East Asia.
• Highly sensitive antiserum against progesterone has been development.
• Development/standardization of processes and techniques for the manufacture of concentrated milk product such as sweetened condensed and evaporated milks from buffalo milk.
• Development of powdered products such as milk powder, Rasogolla powder, gulabjamun mix powder and low-lactose milk
• Development of processes for manufacturing of low fat, sugar free desserts & Rasogulla using artificial sweeteners and bulking agents.
• Development of different varieties of beverages including sports drinks using whey.
• Simple, accurate and rapid methods for estimation of major and minor constituents, heat stability tests and detection of adulterants etc., for milk and milk products such as “synthetic milk” adulteration in milk Development of a process for production of low cholesterol ghee.
• Innovations in lactometer design and a for estimation of SNF in milk to suit Indian conditions.
• Test kit for detection of various adulterants in milk.
• PCR test kit development for detection of food borne pathogens in milk and milk products.
• Development of continuous ghee, and channa making machines. Cream separator attachment for domestic mixies and food processors.
• Development of process for conversion of ghee into recombined Butter (Butter G).
• Development of a composite management index for bovines as a determinant in enhancing milk production.
• Development of a test for measurement of adoption behavior of dairy farmers, training effectiveness index and skill competence scale.

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References

Coordinates: 29°42′14″N 76°58′55″E / 29.704°N 76.982°E / 29.704; 76.982