Namaqualand 0-6-2 Scotia Class

Namaqualand 0-6-2 Scotia Class

Cape Copper Company 0-6-2 Scotia Class no. 10 "Cambria" at Ratelpoort, c. 1910
Type and origin
Power type Steam
Designer Kitson and Company
Builder Kitson and Company
Serial number 3976, 4089, 4090, 4291, 4331, 4332
Build date 1900-1905
Specifications
Configuration 0-6-2
Gauge 2 ft 6 in (762 mm)
Driver diameter 36 in (914 mm)
Wheelbase 6 ft 3 in (1.905 m) coupled
11 ft 3 in (3.429 m) total
Locomotive weight 25 1⁄2 long tons (25.9 t) w/o
Tender weight 11 long tons (11 t) w/o
Locomotive and tender
combined weight		 36 1⁄2 long tons (37.1 t) w/o
Tender type Two-axle
Fuel type Coal
Fuel capacity 80 cu ft (2.3 m3) or 2 long tons (2.0 t) as built
3 long tons (3.0 t) modified
Water capacity 1,000 imp gal (4,500 l; 1,200 US gal)
Boiler No. 8-10, 12:
3 ft 8 in (1.118 m) inside diameter
8 ft 7 1⁄2 in (2.629 m) inside length
No. 14-15:
3 ft 8 in (1.118 m) inside diameter
8 ft 7 7⁄16 in (2.627 m) inside length
Boiler pressure 150 psi (1,000 kPa)
Firegrate area 15 sq ft (1.394 m2)
Heating surface:
– Tubes		 All tubes 1.75 in (44.4 mm) diameter
See table for number and heating surface
– Firebox No. 8-10, 12:
5 ft 9 in (1.753 m) shell length
3 ft 9 5⁄16 in (1.151 m) shell breadth
73 1⁄2 sq ft (6.828 m2)
No. 14-15:
5 ft 9 1⁄8 in (1.756 m) shell length
3 ft 9 1⁄8 in (1.146 m) shell breadth
72 1⁄2 sq ft (6.735 m2)
– Total See table
Cylinders Two
Cylinder size 14 in (356 mm) bore
21 in (533 mm) stroke
Performance figures
Tractive effort 12,860 lbf (57 kN) at 75% pressure
Career
Operator(s) Cape Copper Company
South African Copper Company
O'okiep Copper Company
Number in class 6
Number(s) 8-10, 12, 14-15
Official name See table
Delivered 1900-1905
First run 1900 [1]

The Namaqualand 0-6-2 Scotia Class of 1900 is a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape Colony.

Between 1900 and 1905 six more Mountain type tender locomotives with a 0-6-2 wheel arrangement were placed in service by the Cape Copper Company on its two foot six inch gauge Namaqualand Railway between Port Nolloth and O'okiep in the Cape Colony. Later described as the Scotia Class, they were similar to the earlier Clara Class locomotives, but with shorter boilers, longer fireboxes and larger firegrates.[1]

Namaqualand Railway

The Namaqualand Railway was constructed between 1869 and 1876 by the Cape Copper Mining Company, restructured as the Cape Copper Company in 1888. The line from Port Nolloth on the West Coast to the copper mines around O'okiep was initially exclusively mule-powered, but in 1871 two 0-6-0T locomotives named John King and Miner were acquired by the mining company on an experimental basis. They were followed between 1886 and 1888 by three 0-4-0WT condensing locomotives and from 1890 by four 0-6-2 Clara Class Mountain type tender locomotives.[1]

The Mountain locomotives

Between 1900 and 1905 six more 0-6-2 tender locomotives of the Mountain type were delivered to the Cape Copper Company from Kitson and Company. Since the first three locomotives of the Clara Class suffered major problems with their fireboxes and tubes as a result of the poor quality of water in the region and tough working conditions, a fourth locomotive, no. 7 named "Albion", had been delivered in 1898 with a shorter boiler to make room for a longer firebox in an effort to overcome these issues. These six new locomotives were a further development in the same direction, also with larger fireboxes but with slightly longer boilers than no. 7 Albion, which resulted in boiler-and-firebox assemblies that were about a foot longer than that of the earlier locomotives.[1]

Characteristics

These six locomotives were very similar in appearance to the earlier Clara Class, but could be visually identified by their steam domes that were located further forward, closer to their chimneys, as well as by the different shape of the cutaway at the rear of their frames above their trailing axles. They were named "Scotia", "Hibernia", "Cambria", "Canada", "Australia" and "India" respectively and were also numbered, in the range from 8 to 10, 12, 14 and 15. They were later described as the Scotia Class.[1]

Scotia Class, either no. 9 Hibernia or no. 10 Cambria, sans tender, c. 1901

Like their predecessor condensing and Clara Class locomotives, they were equipped with sheet-metal casing above and below their running boards. This was to protect the motion and bearings as well as working parts of the J. Hawthorn-Kitson valve gear that protruded above the running boards from wind-blown sand. The bottom encasement was hinged to allow easy access to the motion. The picture alongside shows a Scotia Class locomotive without this casing.[1]

Like the earlier locomotives, the Scotia Class was also delivered with copper boilers and fireboxes. Around April 1903 no. 8 Scotia was fitted with an experimental steel boiler and around 1907-1908 two more steel boilers with copper fireboxes were acquired as spare boilers for the Scotia Class.[1]

Service

A fall in copper prices at the end of World War I resulted in the closure of the Cape Copper Company mines and in June 1922 the Company was put into the hands of receivers and managers. In 1926 the South African assets of the Company were optioned to the American Metal Company who, together with the Newmont Mining Corporation, formed the South African Copper Company in 1928 to hold the option, which was taken up in 1931. When the economic situation improved, the option holders and other interested parties formed the O'okiep Copper Company, which took over the assets and liabilities of the South African Copper Company and resumed mining in May 1937.[1]

Little mining had been done during the depression years, but as a common carrier the Namaqualand Railway was not closed and a skeleton service of two trains per week continued to operate. During the approximately nineteen years that the mines were closed, the railway was apparently run more or less by one man, Jack Meadows, the station master at O'okiep. He would also travel on the twice-weekly trains to Port Nolloth, acting as conductor and bookkeeper. At Port Nolloth he would carry out the duties of port captain and supervise offloading and loading, before returning to O'okiep the following day. As a result, the line was kept in good repair during the lean years.[1]

The Cape Copper Company steam locomotives also passed into the hands of the O'okiep Copper Company. Whether all were still serviceable is doubtful, but seventeen engines were still shown as in stock in the Railway Year Books until the 1938/1939 edition. The 1939/1940 edition, however, listed only three steam locomotives, the identity of which is not known.[1]

Specifications

The numbers, names, works numbers, year built, date of arrival, date in service, number of boiler tubes, heating surface of the boiler tubes and firebox and the total heating surface of the Scotia Class are listed in the table.[1]

Service illustrated

The following pictures show locomotives of the Scotia Class in service on the Namaqualand Railway.

See also

References

 
 

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 Bagshawe, Peter (2012). Locomotives of the Namaqualand Railway and Copper Mines (1st ed.). Stenvalls. pp. 8–11, 16–23, 39–40. ISBN 978-91-7266-179-0.