NZR X class
NZR X class | |
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Type and origin | |
Power type | Steam |
Builder | NZR Addington Workshops |
Build date |
1908 - 1909, 1913 - 1915 1943 - 1949 (rebuild) |
Specifications | |
Configuration | 4-8-2 |
Gauge | 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) |
Driver diameter | 45 in (1.143 m) |
Length | 56 ft 9.75 in (17.32 m) |
Weight on drivers |
46.7 long tons (47.4 t; 52.3 short tons) (original) 45.6 long tons (46.3 t; 51.1 short tons) (rebuild) |
Locomotive weight |
66.7 long tons (67.8 t; 74.7 short tons) (original) 66.6 long tons (67.7 t; 74.6 short tons) (rebuild) |
Tender weight |
27.3 long tons (27.7 t; 30.6 short tons) (original) 28.55 long tons (29.01 t; 31.98 short tons) (rebuild) |
Locomotive and tender combined weight |
94.0 long tons (95.5 t; 105.3 short tons) (original) 95.15 long tons (96.68 t; 106.57 short tons) (rebuild) |
Fuel type | Coal |
Fuel capacity |
4.0 long tons (4.1 t; 4.5 short tons) (original) 5.0 long tons (5.1 t; 5.6 short tons) (rebuild) |
Water capacity | 2,200 imp gal (10,000 L; 2,600 US gal) |
Boiler pressure |
230 psi (1,586 kPa) (original) 215 psi (1,482 kPa) (rebuild) |
Firegrate area |
37.1 square feet (3.4 m2) (original) 37.5 square feet (3.5 m2) (rebuild) |
Heating surface: – Total |
2,066 sq ft (191.9 m2) (original) 1,185 sq ft (110.1 m2) (rebuild) |
Superheater area |
None (original) 168 square feet (15.6 m2) (rebuild) |
Cylinders |
2 high pressure + 2 low pressure (original) 4 high pressure (rebuild) |
High-pressure cylinder size | 13.5 in × 22 in (343 mm × 559 mm) |
Low-pressure cylinder size | 22 in × 22 in (559 mm × 559 mm) |
Performance figures | |
Maximum speed | 30 mph (48 km/h) |
Tractive effort |
26,620 lbf (118.4 kN) (original)/ 31,150 lbf (138.6 kN) (starting) 29,500 lbf (131 kN) (rebuild) |
Career | |
Number in class | 18 |
Number(s) |
439–446 588–597 |
Locale | North Island Main Trunk |
First run | 1909 |
Last run | 1957 |
Retired | 1935–1950 |
Current owner | Feilding & Districts Steam Rail Society (1) |
Disposition | Withdrawn, one preserved |
The NZR X class was a pioneering class of eighteen 4-8-2 steam locomotives designed by A. L. Beattie that operated on the national rail network of New Zealand. In 1908, a heavy and powerful locomotive was required to haul traffic on the newly completed mountainous central section of the North Island Main Trunk Railway, and as a logical progression of the 4-6-2 Q class design, the 4-8-2 wheel arrangement was created for the X class.
Overview
When the first X was completed in 1908 at NZGR's Addington Workshops in Christchurch, it was the very first 4-8-2 locomotive built in the world. The 4-8-2 design went on to be popular in the United States and was nicknamed the "Mountain" type; one theory suggests this name stems from the mountainous terrain that inspired the X's design, while another suggests the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway first coined the name in reference to its 4-8-2s of 1911 that were built to operate in the Allegheny Mountains.
The X class initially operated as the freight counterpart of the passenger A class, but they struggled to operate at speeds higher than 50 km/h (30 mph). They were built as de Glehn compound locomotives, but during the 1940s, most of the class were converted to simple, superheated locomotives. This increased their power but did not prolong their lives and most were officially withdrawn from service on 2 March 1957, though a few had been taken out of service earlier and two were sold to the Ohai Railway Board (ORB) that operated a private industrial line at the end of the Wairio Branch.
Class register
Key: | In service | Out of service | Auckland Transport service | Preserved | Overhaul/Repair | Scrapped |
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Number | Builder | Entered service | Withdrawn | Notes |
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439 | NZR Addington | 9-1-1909 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 6-1949 |
440 | NZR Addington | 25-3-1909 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 7-1948 |
441 | NZR Addington | 10-5-1909 | 2-3-1957 | |
442 | NZR Addington | 10-7-1909 | 4-3-1944 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 6-1943. In Use Ohai Railway Board 1944-1968. Preserved at Feilding and District Steam Rail Society |
443 | NZR Addington | 1-12-1909 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 7-1947 |
444 | NZR Addington | 3-2-1910 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 12-1949 |
445 | NZR Addington | 24-5-1910 | 26-5-1949 | |
446 | NZR Addington | 30-4-1910 | 6-12-1946 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 12-1946. In Use Ohai Railway Board 1946-1959. |
588 | NZR Addington | 14-10-1913 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 5-1951 |
589 | NZR Addington | 11-11-1949 | 6-1949 | |
590 | NZR Addington | 27-1-1914 | 2-3-1957 | |
591 | NZR Addington | 17-3-1914 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 12-1950 |
592 | NZR Addington | 22-6-1914 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 10-1950 |
593 | NZR Addington | 3-9-1914 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 6-1950 |
594 | NZR Addington | 31-10-1914 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 5-1945 |
595 | NZR Addington | 3-12-1914 | 2-3-1957 | |
596 | NZR Addington | 26-1-1915 | 2-3-1957 | Converted to 4-cylinder simple, 12-1949 |
597 | NZR Addington | 1-4-1915 | 2-3-1957 |
Preservation
The ORB locomotive, X 442, survived and has passed into the hands of railway preservation enthusiasts. It is currently located at the depot of the Feilding and District Steam Rail Society. Two X class boilers are held by Mainline Steam.
References
- Heath, Eric, and Stott, Bob; Classic Steam Locomotives Of New Zealand, Grantham House, 1993
External links
- New Zealand Railways Steam Locomotives - Class X
- An X class locomotive ex-Petone Workshops with a new superheated boiler c1928
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