NLRX1
| NLR family member X1 | |||||||||||||
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 C-terminal RNA binding domain of NLXR1 hexamer. PDB 3un9[1] | |||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||
| Symbols | NLRX1 ; CLR11.3; DLNB26; NOD26; NOD5; NOD9 | ||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 611947 MGI: 2429611 HomoloGene: 11623 IUPHAR: 1766 GeneCards: NLRX1 Gene | ||||||||||||
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| Orthologs | |||||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||
| Entrez | 79671 | 270151 | |||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000160703 | ENSMUSG00000032109 | |||||||||||
| UniProt | Q86UT6 | Q3TL44 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_024618 | NM_001163742 | |||||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_078894 | NP_001157214 | |||||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 11: 119.04 – 119.05 Mb | Chr 9: 44.25 – 44.27 Mb | |||||||||||
| PubMed search | |||||||||||||
NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors. NLRX1 was proposed to affect innate immunity to viruses by interfering with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)/retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) mitochondrial antiviral pathway.,[2] although this was recently questioned.[3][4]
NLRX1 has a unique protein structure composed of 3 protein domains: an N-terminal effector domain containing a mitochondrion localization signal; a central NACHT domain; a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.[5]
In humans, the NLRX1 protein is encoded by the NLRX1 gene.[6][7]
References
- ↑ Hong, M.; Yoon, S. I.; Wilson, I. A. (2012). "Structure and Functional Characterization of the RNA-Binding Element of the NLRX1 Innate Immune Modulator". Immunity 36 (3): 337–347. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.018. PMID 22386589.
- ↑ O'Neill LA (April 2008). "Innate immunity: squelching anti-viral signalling with NLRX1". Curr. Biol. 18 (7): R302–4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.021. PMID 18397740.
- ↑ Rebsamen M, Vazquez J, Tardivel A, Guarda G, Curran J, Tschopp J (August 2011). "NLRX1/NOD5 deficiency does not affect MAVS signalling". Cell Death Differ. 18 (8): 1387. doi:10.1038/cdd.2011.64. PMC 3172102. PMID 21617692.
- ↑ Soares F, Tattoli I, Wortzman ME, Arnoult D, Philpott DJ, Girardin SE (2013). "NLRX1 does not inhibit MAVS-dependent antiviral signalling". Innate Immun 19 (4): 438–48. doi:10.1177/1753425912467383. PMID 23212541.
- ↑ Meylan E, Tschopp J (March 2008). "NLRX1: friend or foe?". EMBO Rep. 9 (3): 243–5. doi:10.1038/embor.2008.23. PMC 2267384. PMID 18311173.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: NLR family member X1".
- ↑ Inohara N, Nuñez G (May 2003). "NODs: intracellular proteins involved in inflammation and apoptosis". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3 (5): 371–82. doi:10.1038/nri1086. PMID 12766759.
Further reading
- Moore CB, Bergstralh DT, Duncan JA et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity". Nature 451 (7178): 573–7. doi:10.1038/nature06501. PMID 18200010.
- Tattoli I, Carneiro LA, Jéhanno M et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a mitochondrial NOD-like receptor that amplifies NF-κB and JNK pathways by inducing reactive oxygen species production". EMBO Rep. 9 (3): 293–300. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401161. PMC 2267388. PMID 18219313.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Arnoult D, Soares F, Tattoli I et al. (2009). "An N-terminal addressing sequence targets NLRX1 to the mitochondrial matrix". J. Cell. Sci. 122 (Pt 17): 3161–8. doi:10.1242/jcs.051193. PMC 2871076. PMID 19692591.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
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