NGC 2359

Thor’s Helmet Nebula
Thor’s Helmet Nebula imaged on the occasion of ESO’s 50th Anniversary.
Observation data (Epoch J2000)
Right ascension	07^h 18^m 30^s^[1]
Declination	−13° 13.8′ ″^[1]
Distance	11,960^[2]
Constellation	Canis Major
Physical characteristics
Notable features	HII (ionized) region
Other designations	GUM 4, LBN 227.66-00.09, SH 2-298, GRS 227.80 -00.20, LBN 1041, RCW 5^[1]

NGC 2359 (also known as Thor's Helmet) is an emission nebula^[3] in the constellation Canis Major. The nebula is approximately 3,670 parsecs (11.96 thousand light years) away and 30 light-years in size. The central star is the Wolf-Rayet star WR7, an extremely hot giant thought to be in a brief pre-supernova stage of evolution. It is similar in nature to the Bubble Nebula, but interactions with a nearby large molecular cloud are thought to have contributed to the more complex shape and curved bow-shock structure of Thor's Helmet.

It is also catalogued as Sharpless 2-298 and Gum 4.^[4]

The nebula has an overall bubble shape, but with complex filamentary structures. The nebula contains several hundred solar masses of ionised material, plus several thousand more of unionised gas. It is largely interstellar material swept up by winds from the central star, although some material does appear to be enriched with the products of fusion and is likely to come directly from the star.^[5] The expansion rate of different portions of the nebula varies from 10km/s to at least 30km/s, leading to age estimates of 78,500 - 236,000 years. The nebula has been studied at radio and x-ray wavelengths, but it is still unclear whether it was produced at the class O main sequence stage of development, as a red supergiant, luminous blue variable, or mainly as a Wolf-Rayet star.^[2]

Gallery

Thor's Helmet - NGC 2359
Thor's Helmet by ESO
Thor's Helmet, NGC 2359 (core); courtesy Joseph D. Schulman

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Search Results for NGC 2359". Astronomical Database. SIMBAD. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
↑ 2.0 2.1 Zhekov, S. A. (2014). "X-rays from wind-blown bubbles: An XMM-Newton detection of NGC 2359". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 443: 12. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1138.
↑ SEDS: NGC 2359
↑ "The Gum Catalog". Galaxymap.org. Retrieved 2013-10-06.
↑ Cappa, C. E.; Goss, W. M.; Niemela, V. S.; Ostrov, P. G. (1999). "A Study of Neutral and Ionized Gas of the Wolf-Rayet Ring Nebula NGC 2359". The Astronomical Journal 118 (2): 948. doi:10.1086/300995.

External links

Astronomy Picture of the Day - Search for NGC 2359
astrosurf.com
Kopernik image

NGC 2359 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
Encyclopedia article
ESO celebrates its 50th anniversary
Thor's Helmet at Constellation Guide

Sharpless catalog

Sh2-1 Sh2-2 Sh2-3 Sh2-4 Sh2-5 Sh2-6 Sh2-7 Sh2-8 Sh2-9 Sh2-10 Sh2-11 Sh2-12 Sh2-13 Sh2-14 Sh2-15 Sh2-16 Sh2-17 Sh2-18 Sh2-19 Sh2-20 Sh2-21 Sh2-22 Sh2-23 Sh2-24 Sh2-25 Sh2-26 Sh2-27 Sh2-28 Sh2-29 Sh2-30 Sh2-31 Sh2-32 Sh2-33 Sh2-34 Sh2-35 Sh2-36 Sh2-37 Sh2-38 Sh2-39 Sh2-40 Sh2-41 Sh2-42 Sh2-43 Sh2-44 Sh2-45 Sh2-46 Sh2-47 Sh2-48 Sh2-49 Sh2-50 Sh2-51 Sh2-52 Sh2-53 Sh2-54 Sh2-55 Sh2-56 Sh2-57 Sh2-58 Sh2-59 Sh2-60 Sh2-61 Sh2-62 Sh2-63 Sh2-64 Sh2-65 Sh2-66 Sh2-67 Sh2-68 Sh2-69 Sh2-70 Sh2-71 Sh2-72 Sh2-73 Sh2-74 Sh2-75 Sh2-76 Sh2-77 Sh2-78 Sh2-79 Sh2-80 Sh2-81 Sh2-82 Sh2-83 Sh2-84 Sh2-85 Sh2-86 Sh2-87 Sh2-88 Sh2-89 Sh2-90 Sh2-91 Sh2-92 Sh2-93 Sh2-94 Sh2-95 Sh2-96 Sh2-97 Sh2-98 Sh2-99 Sh2-100 Sh2-101 Sh2-102 Sh2-103 Sh2-104 Sh2-105 Sh2-106 Sh2-107 Sh2-108 Sh2-109 Sh2-110 Sh2-111 Sh2-112 Sh2-113 Sh2-114 Sh2-115 Sh2-116 Sh2-117 Sh2-118 Sh2-119 Sh2-120 Sh2-121 Sh2-122 Sh2-123 Sh2-124 Sh2-125 Sh2-126 Sh2-127 Sh2-128 Sh2-129 Sh2-130 Sh2-131 Sh2-132 Sh2-133 Sh2-134 Sh2-135 Sh2-136 Sh2-137 Sh2-138 Sh2-139 Sh2-140 Sh2-141 Sh2-142 Sh2-143 Sh2-144 Sh2-145 Sh2-146 Sh2-147 Sh2-148 Sh2-149 Sh2-150 Sh2-151 Sh2-152 Sh2-153 Sh2-154 Sh2-155 Sh2-156 Sh2-157 Sh2-158 Sh2-159 Sh2-160 Sh2-161 Sh2-162 Sh2-163 Sh2-164 Sh2-165 Sh2-166 Sh2-167 Sh2-168 Sh2-169 Sh2-170 Sh2-171 Sh2-172 Sh2-173 Sh2-174 Sh2-175 Sh2-176 Sh2-177 Sh2-178 Sh2-179 Sh2-180 Sh2-181 Sh2-182 Sh2-183 Sh2-184 Sh2-185 Sh2-186 Sh2-187 Sh2-188 Sh2-189 Sh2-190 Sh2-191 Sh2-192 Sh2-193 Sh2-194 Sh2-195 Sh2-196 Sh2-197 Sh2-198 Sh2-199 Sh2-201 Sh2-202 Sh2-203 Sh2-204 Sh2-205 Sh2-206 Sh2-207 Sh2-208 Sh2-209 Sh2-210 Sh2-211 Sh2-212 Sh2-213 Sh2-214 Sh2-215 Sh2-216 Sh2-217 Sh2-218 Sh2-219 Sh2-220 Sh2-221 Sh2-222 Sh2-223 Sh2-224 Sh2-225 Sh2-226 Sh2-227 Sh2-228 Sh2-229 Sh2-230 Sh2-231 Sh2-232 Sh2-233 Sh2-234 Sh2-235 Sh2-236 Sh2-237 Sh2-238 Sh2-239 Sh2-240 Sh2-241 Sh2-242 Sh2-243 Sh2-244 Sh2-245 Sh2-246 Sh2-247 Sh2-248 Sh2-249 Sh2-250 Sh2-251 Sh2-252 Sh2-253 Sh2-254 Sh2-255 Sh2-256 Sh2-257 Sh2-258 Sh2-259 Sh2-260 Sh2-261 Sh2-262 Sh2-263 Sh2-264 Sh2-265 Sh2-266 Sh2-267 Sh2-268 Sh2-269 Sh2-270 Sh2-271 Sh2-272 Sh2-273 Sh2-274 Sh2-275 Sh2-276 Sh2-277 Sh2-278 Sh2-279 Sh2-280 Sh2-281 Sh2-282 Sh2-283 Sh2-284 Sh2-285 Sh2-286 Sh2-287 Sh2-288 Sh2-289 Sh2-290 Sh2-291 Sh2-292 Sh2-293 Sh2-294 Sh2-295 Sh2-296 Sh2-297 Sh2-298 Sh2-299 Sh2-301 Sh2-302 Sh2-303 Sh2-304 Sh2-305 Sh2-306 Sh2-307 Sh2-308 Sh2-309 Sh2-310 Sh2-311 Sh2-312 Sh2-313

See also: Gum catalog Nebula RCW Catalogue Stewart Sharpless

Gum Catalog

Colin Stanley Gum

Gum 1 Gum 2 Gum 3 Gum 4 Gum 5 Gum 6 Gum 7 Gum 8 Gum 9 Gum 10 Gum 12 Gum 13 Gum 14 Gum 15 Gum 16 Gum 17 Gum 18 Gum 19 Gum 20 Gum 21 Gum 22 Gum 23 Gum 24 Gum 25 Gum 26 Gum 27 Gum 28 Gum 29 Gum 30 Gum 31 Gum 32 Gum 33 Gum 34 Gum 35 Gum 36 Gum 37 Gum 38 Gum 39 Gum 40 Gum 41 Gum 42 Gum 43 Gum 44 Gum 45 Gum 46 Gum 47 Gum 48 Gum 49 Gum 50 Gum 51 Gum 52 Gum 53 Gum 54 Gum 55 Gum 56 Gum 57 Gum 58 Gum 59 Gum 60 Gum 61 Gum 62 Gum 63 Gum 64 Gum 65 Gum 66 Gum 67 Gum 68 Gum 69 Gum 70 Gum 71 Gum 72 Gum 73 Gum 74 Gum 75 Gum 76 Gum 77 Gum 78 Gum 79 Gum 80 Gum 81 Gum 82 Gum 83 Gum 84 Gum 85

See also: Gum Nebula

RCW Catalogue

RCW 1 RCW 2 RCW 3 RCW 4 RCW 5 RCW 6 RCW 7 RCW 8 RCW 9 RCW 10 RCW 11 RCW 12 RCW 13 RCW 14 RCW 15 RCW 16 RCW 17 RCW 18 RCW 19 RCW 20 RCW 21 RCW 22 RCW 23 RCW 24 RCW 25 RCW 26 RCW 27 RCW 28 RCW 29 RCW 30 RCW 31 RCW 32 RCW 33 RCW 34 RCW 35 RCW 36 RCW 37 RCW 38 RCW 39 RCW 40 RCW 41 RCW 42 RCW 43 RCW 44 RCW 45 RCW 46 RCW 47 RCW 48 RCW 49 RCW 50 RCW 51 RCW 52 RCW 53 RCW 54 RCW 55 RCW 56 RCW 57 RCW 58 RCW 59 RCW 60 RCW 61 RCW 62 RCW 63 RCW 64 RCW 65 RCW 66 RCW 67 RCW 68 RCW 69 RCW 70 RCW 71 RCW 72 RCW 73 RCW 74 RCW 75 RCW 76 RCW 77 RCW 78 RCW 79 RCW 80 RCW 81 RCW 82 RCW 83 RCW 84 RCW 85 RCW 86 RCW 87 RCW 88 RCW 89 RCW 91 RCW 92 RCW 93 RCW 94 RCW 95 RCW 96 RCW 97 RCW 98 RCW 99 RCW 100 RCW 101 RCW 102 RCW 103 RCW 104 RCW 105 RCW 106 RCW 107 RCW 108 RCW 109 RCW 110 RCW 111 RCW 112 RCW 113 RCW 114 RCW 115 RCW 116 RCW 117 RCW 118 RCW 119 RCW 120 RCW 121 RCW 122 RCW 123 RCW 124 RCW 125 RCW 126 RCW 127 RCW 128 RCW 129 RCW 130 RCW 131 RCW 132 RCW 133 RCW 134 RCW 135 RCW 136 RCW 137 RCW 138 RCW 139 RCW 140 RCW 141 RCW 142 RCW 143 RCW 144 RCW 145 RCW 146 RCW 147 RCW 148 RCW 149 RCW 150 RCW 151 RCW 152 RCW 153 RCW 154 RCW 155 RCW 156 RCW 157 RCW 158 RCW 159 RCW 160 RCW 161 RCW 162 RCW 163 RCW 164 RCW 165 RCW 166 RCW 167 RCW 168 RCW 169 RCW 170 RCW 171 RCW 172 RCW 173 RCW 174 RCW 175 RCW 176 RCW 177 RCW 178 RCW 179 RCW 180 RCW 181 RCW 182

See also: Emission nebula H I region H II region

New General Catalogue 2000 to 2499

NGC 2000 NGC 2001 NGC 2002 NGC 2003 NGC 2004 NGC 2005 NGC 2006 NGC 2007 NGC 2008 NGC 2009 NGC 2010 NGC 2011 NGC 2012 NGC 2013 NGC 2014 NGC 2015 NGC 2016 NGC 2017 NGC 2018 NGC 2019 NGC 2020 NGC 2021 NGC 2022 NGC 2023 NGC 2024 NGC 2025 NGC 2026 NGC 2027 NGC 2028 NGC 2029 NGC 2030 NGC 2031 NGC 2032 NGC 2033 NGC 2034 NGC 2035 NGC 2036 NGC 2037 NGC 2038 NGC 2039 NGC 2040 NGC 2041 NGC 2042 NGC 2043 NGC 2044 NGC 2045 NGC 2046 NGC 2047 NGC 2048 NGC 2049 NGC 2050 NGC 2051 NGC 2052 NGC 2053 NGC 2054 NGC 2055 NGC 2056 NGC 2057 NGC 2058 NGC 2059 NGC 2060 NGC 2061 NGC 2062 NGC 2063 NGC 2064 NGC 2065 NGC 2066 NGC 2067 NGC 2068 NGC 2069 NGC 2070 NGC 2071 NGC 2072 NGC 2073 NGC 2074 NGC 2075 NGC 2076 NGC 2077 NGC 2078 NGC 2079 NGC 2080 NGC 2081 NGC 2082 NGC 2083 NGC 2084 NGC 2085 NGC 2086 NGC 2087 NGC 2088 NGC 2089 NGC 2090 NGC 2091 NGC 2092 NGC 2093 NGC 2094 NGC 2095 NGC 2096 NGC 2097 NGC 2098 NGC 2099 NGC 2100 NGC 2101 NGC 2102 NGC 2103 NGC 2104 NGC 2105 NGC 2106 NGC 2107 NGC 2108 NGC 2109 NGC 2110 NGC 2111 NGC 2112 NGC 2113 NGC 2114 NGC 2115 NGC 2116 NGC 2117 NGC 2118 NGC 2119 NGC 2120 NGC 2121 NGC 2122 NGC 2123 NGC 2124 NGC 2125 NGC 2126 NGC 2127 NGC 2128 NGC 2129 NGC 2130 NGC 2131 NGC 2132 NGC 2133 NGC 2134 NGC 2135 NGC 2136 NGC 2137 NGC 2138 NGC 2139 NGC 2140 NGC 2141 NGC 2142 NGC 2143 NGC 2144 NGC 2145 NGC 2146 NGC 2147 NGC 2148 NGC 2149 NGC 2150 NGC 2151 NGC 2152 NGC 2153 NGC 2154 NGC 2155 NGC 2156 NGC 2157 NGC 2158 NGC 2159 NGC 2160 NGC 2161 NGC 2162 NGC 2163 NGC 2164 NGC 2165 NGC 2166 NGC 2167 NGC 2168 NGC 2169 NGC 2170 NGC 2171 NGC 2172 NGC 2173 NGC 2174 NGC 2175 NGC 2176 NGC 2177 NGC 2178 NGC 2179 NGC 2180 NGC 2181 NGC 2182 NGC 2183 NGC 2184 NGC 2185 NGC 2186 NGC 2187 NGC 2188 NGC 2189 NGC 2190 NGC 2191 NGC 2192 NGC 2193 NGC 2194 NGC 2195 NGC 2196 NGC 2197 NGC 2198 NGC 2199 NGC 2200 NGC 2201 NGC 2202 NGC 2203 NGC 2204 NGC 2205 NGC 2206 NGC 2207 NGC 2208 NGC 2209 NGC 2210 NGC 2211 NGC 2212 NGC 2213 NGC 2214 NGC 2215 NGC 2216 NGC 2217 NGC 2218 NGC 2219 NGC 2220 NGC 2221 NGC 2222 NGC 2223 NGC 2224 NGC 2225 NGC 2226 NGC 2227 NGC 2228 NGC 2229 NGC 2230 NGC 2231 NGC 2232 NGC 2233 NGC 2234 NGC 2235 NGC 2236 NGC 2237 NGC 2238 NGC 2239 NGC 2240 NGC 2241 NGC 2242 NGC 2243 NGC 2244 NGC 2245 NGC 2246 NGC 2247 NGC 2248 NGC 2249 NGC 2250 NGC 2251 NGC 2252 NGC 2253 NGC 2254 NGC 2255 NGC 2256 NGC 2257 NGC 2258 NGC 2259 NGC 2260 NGC 2261 NGC 2262 NGC 2263 NGC 2264 NGC 2265 NGC 2266 NGC 2267 NGC 2268 NGC 2269 NGC 2270 NGC 2271 NGC 2272 NGC 2273 NGC 2274 NGC 2275 NGC 2276 NGC 2277 NGC 2278 NGC 2279 NGC 2280 NGC 2281 NGC 2282 NGC 2283 NGC 2284 NGC 2285 NGC 2286 NGC 2287 NGC 2288 NGC 2289 NGC 2290 NGC 2291 NGC 2292 NGC 2293 NGC 2294 NGC 2295 NGC 2296 NGC 2297 NGC 2298 NGC 2299 NGC 2300 NGC 2301 NGC 2302 NGC 2303 NGC 2304 NGC 2305 NGC 2306 NGC 2307 NGC 2308 NGC 2309 NGC 2310 NGC 2311 NGC 2312 NGC 2313 NGC 2314 NGC 2315 NGC 2316 NGC 2317 NGC 2318 NGC 2319 NGC 2320 NGC 2321 NGC 2322 NGC 2323 NGC 2324 NGC 2325 NGC 2326 NGC 2327 NGC 2328 NGC 2329 NGC 2330 NGC 2331 NGC 2332 NGC 2333 NGC 2334 NGC 2335 NGC 2336 NGC 2337 NGC 2338 NGC 2339 NGC 2340 NGC 2341 NGC 2342 NGC 2343 NGC 2344 NGC 2345 NGC 2346 NGC 2347 NGC 2348 NGC 2349 NGC 2350 NGC 2351 NGC 2352 NGC 2353 NGC 2354 NGC 2355 NGC 2356 NGC 2357 NGC 2358 NGC 2359 NGC 2360 NGC 2361 NGC 2362 NGC 2363 NGC 2364 NGC 2365 NGC 2366 NGC 2367 NGC 2368 NGC 2369 NGC 2370 NGC 2371 NGC 2372 NGC 2373 NGC 2374 NGC 2375 NGC 2376 NGC 2377 NGC 2378 NGC 2379 NGC 2380 NGC 2381 NGC 2382 NGC 2383 NGC 2384 NGC 2385 NGC 2386 NGC 2387 NGC 2388 NGC 2389 NGC 2390 NGC 2391 NGC 2392 NGC 2393 NGC 2394 NGC 2395 NGC 2396 NGC 2397 NGC 2398 NGC 2399 NGC 2400 NGC 2401 NGC 2402 NGC 2403 NGC 2404 NGC 2405 NGC 2406 NGC 2407 NGC 2408 NGC 2409 NGC 2410 NGC 2411 NGC 2412 NGC 2413 NGC 2414 NGC 2415 NGC 2416 NGC 2417 NGC 2418 NGC 2419 NGC 2420 NGC 2421 NGC 2422 NGC 2423 NGC 2424 NGC 2425 NGC 2426 NGC 2427 NGC 2428 NGC 2429 NGC 2430 NGC 2431 NGC 2432 NGC 2433 NGC 2434 NGC 2435 NGC 2436 NGC 2437 NGC 2438 NGC 2439 NGC 2440 NGC 2441 NGC 2442 NGC 2443 NGC 2444 NGC 2445 NGC 2446 NGC 2447 NGC 2448 NGC 2449 NGC 2450 NGC 2451 NGC 2452 NGC 2453 NGC 2454 NGC 2455 NGC 2456 NGC 2457 NGC 2458 NGC 2459 NGC 2460 NGC 2461 NGC 2462 NGC 2463 NGC 2464 NGC 2465 NGC 2466 NGC 2467 NGC 2468 NGC 2469 NGC 2470 NGC 2471 NGC 2472 NGC 2473 NGC 2474 NGC 2475 NGC 2476 NGC 2477 NGC 2478 NGC 2479 NGC 2480 NGC 2481 NGC 2482 NGC 2483 NGC 2484 NGC 2485 NGC 2486 NGC 2487 NGC 2488 NGC 2489 NGC 2490 NGC 2491 NGC 2492 NGC 2493 NGC 2494 NGC 2495 NGC 2496 NGC 2497 NGC 2498 NGC 2499

Astronomical catalog List of NGC objects

Coordinates: 07^h 18^m 30^s, −13° 13′ 48″