Mustafa Necati
| Mustafa Necati | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Mustafa Necati in the 1920s | |
| Ministry of Settlement and Population Exchange | |
| In office 30 October 1923 – 6 march 1924 | |
| Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
| Succeeded by | Celal Bayar |
| Ministry of Justice | |
| In office 6 March 1924 – 22 November 1924 | |
| Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
| Preceded by | Seyit Bey |
| Succeeded by | Mahmut Esat Bozkurt |
| Ministry of National Education | |
| In office 21 December 1925 – 1 January 1929 | |
| Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
| Preceded by | Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1894 İzmir, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 1 January 1929 Ankara, Turkey |
| Nationality | Turkish |
| Political party | Republican People's Party |
| Education | Law |
| Alma mater | Law School, İstanbul University |
| Occupation | Politician, civil servant |
Mustafa Necati (1894-1929) was a Turkish statesman in the early years of the Turkish Republic. He is also known as Mustafa Necati Uğural. He died before the Turkish Surname Law was adopted and the surname Uğural is actually the surname his family members adopted after his death.
Early years
Mustafa Necati was born in 1894 in İzmir. His father was Halit and his mother was Naciye. After his primary and secondary education in İzmir, he went to İstanbul for higher education and studied law. He returned to İzmir in 1914 to serve as a lawyer and teacher. In 1915 he eatablished a private school with his friend Vasıf Çınar. He also served as a legal adviser for the local railway company. After the First World War in which the Ottoman Empire was defeated, the Allies fired the railway workers. He tried to defend the workers' rights by establishing a committee. Later he expanded his activities to defend the rights of the reserve officiers who returned from the front. After İzmir was occupied by the Greek army, he fled to İstanbul and then to Balıkesir, where he began to participate in the Turkish War of Independence. Among other things he published a short lived newspaper to defend Turkish rights against Greek invasion.[1]
As a politician during the War of Independence
After the Ottoman parliament in İstanbul was abolished by the Allies on 16 March 1920, Turkish parliament was established in Ankara on 23 April 1920 and Mustafa Necati was elected as the Saruhan (present Manisa) MP. However during the 1920-1922 term he spent most of his time out of Ankara. He was appointed as the member of Independence Tribunals in Sivas and then Kastamonu. Finally he was appointed as the chairman of Amasya Independence Tribunal.[1]
As a politician in the Republic of Turkey
As soon as the Republic was proclaimed on 29 September 1923, Mustafa Necati became a government minister of İsmet İnönü’s cabinets. His first seat was Minister of Settlement and Population Exchange in the 1st government of Turkey. This was a very important seat for its main responsibility was the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey. In the 2nd government of Turkey he was the Minister of Justice. However his most important seat was that of Minister of National Education following a revison in the 4th government of Turkey. He kept this post in the 5th government of Turkey till his death.
Nation schools
Up to 1928 Arabic script was used in Turkey. However, Turkish language has 8 vovels and the Arabic script remained incapable in reproducing the Turkish words. Nevertheless, being the scrip of Quran it was considered to be inalterable. But president Atatürk decided to adopt Latin alphabet (with small changes). Moreover he insisted that the reform should be carried on immediately. In addition to adding Latin alphabet to school curriculum, short term courses for the adults called Nation’s Schools (Turkish: Millet Mektebi) were established. Mustafa Necati, being the minister of National Education, was responsible in establishing these courses. The courses were successful and Mustafa Necati later on was considered as one of the pioneers of the new Turkish alphabet.[2]
Death
Mustafa Necati died due to appendicitis on 1 January 1929, the very same day the Nation Schools were opened. The next day he was laid to rest in Cebeci Asri Cemetery in Ankara.
Discussion on Mustafa Necati’ s house
In 2006 Mustafa Necati’s house was about to be handed over to a restaurant chain. But after intense intellectual protests, Parliament decided to convert the house to a cultural center for the MPs in 2008.[3]
Mustafa Necati in sports
Mustafa Necati was one of the founders of Altay sports club in 1914.[4]