Museum Island

Map of Museum Island (in red)

Museum Island (German: Museumsinsel) is the name of the northern half of an island in the Spree river in the central Mitte district of Berlin, Germany, the site of the old city of Cölln. It is so called for the complex of five internationally significant museums, all part of the Berlin State Museums, that occupy the island's northern part:

• The Altes Museum (Old Museum) completed on the orders of Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1830.
• The Neues Museum (New Museum) finished in 1859 according to plans by Friedrich August Stüler, a student of Schinkel. Destroyed in World War II, it was rebuilt under the direction of David Chipperfield for the Egyptian Museum of Berlin and re-opened in 2009.
• The Alte Nationalgalerie (Old National Gallery) completed in 1876, also according to designs by Friedrich August Stüler, to host a collection of 19th-century art donated by banker Joachim H. W. Wagener
• The Bode Museum on the island's northern tip, opened in 1904 and then called Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum. It exhibits the sculpture collections and late Antique and Byzantine art.
• The Pergamon Museum, the final museum of the complex, constructed in 1930. It contains multiple reconstructed immense and historically significant buildings such as the Pergamon Altar and the Ishtar Gate of Babylon.

In 1999, the museum complex was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.

History

A first exhibition hall was erected in 1797 at the suggestion of the archaeologist Aloys Hirt. In 1822, Schinkel designed the plans for the Altes Museum to house the royal Antikensammlung, the arrangement of the collection was overseen by Wilhelm von Humboldt. The island, originally a residential area, was dedicated to "art and science" by King Frederick William IV of Prussia in 1841. Further extended under succeeding Prussian kings, the museum's collections of art and archeology were turned into a public foundation after 1918. They are today maintained by the Berlin State Museums branch of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation.

Museum Island with Pergamon and Bode Museum, 1951

Museum Island further comprises the Lustgarten park and the Berlin Cathedral. Between the Bode and Pergamon Museums it is crossed by the Stadtbahn railway viaduct. The adjacent territory to the south is the site of the former Stadtschloss and the Palace of the Republic.

The Prussian collections became separated during the Cold War during the division of the city, but were reunited after German reunification, except for the art and artefacts removed after World War II by Allied troops and not yet returned; these include the Priam's Treasure, also called the gold of Troy, excavated by Heinrich Schliemann in 1873, then smuggled out of Turkey to Berlin and today kept at the Pushkin Museum in Moscow.

As for the city's major museums, it took much of the 1990s for a consensus to emerge that Museum Island's buildings should be restored and modernized, with General Director Wolf-Dieter Dube's cautious plan for their use finally approved in January 1999. Then, six months later, Peter-Klaus Schuster took over and set in motion a far more ambitious program intended to turn Museum Island into a Louvre on the Spree.^[1] The federal government pledged $20 million a year through 2010 for projects to enhance Berlin's prestige and Unesco declaring the island a World Heritage Site.^[2]

The contents of the museums were decided on as follows: The Pergamon, with the Greek altar that gives it its name, retained much of its collection and was defined as a museum of ancient architecture. The Neues Museum presented archaeological objects as well as Egyptian and Etruscan sculptures, including the renowned bust of Queen Nefertiti. The Altes Museum, the oldest on the island, displayed Greek and Roman art objects on its first floor and hold exhibitions on its second floor. The Bode Museum's paintings went from Late Byzantine to 1800. And, as now, the Alte Nationalgalerie will cover the 19th century.^[3] Once this process is completed, perhaps by 2020, the Gemäldegalerie’s painting collection will be transferred to the Bode, and a new annex, and Museum Island will present all art from the ancient civilizations though 1900.^[4] The James Simon Gallery, a $94 million visitors’ center designed by the British architect David Chipperfield, is being built beside the Neues Museum. It will in turn be linked to the Neues, Altes, Pergamon and Bode Museums by an underground passageway decorated with archaeological objects.^[5]

Museum Island is referenced in the song "On the Museum Island" by folk artist Emmy the Great.

The southern section of the island, south of Gertraudenstraße, is commonly referred to as Fischerinsel (Fisher Island) and is the site of a high-rise apartment development built when Mitte was part of East Berlin.

Photogallery

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  Altes Museum, Lustgarten, and Berlin Cathedral

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  Neues Museum

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  Alte Nationalgalerie

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  Pergamon Museum

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  Panorama with River Spree

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  Tactile scale model of Museum Island

See also

• Berlin State Museums
• List of museums in Berlin

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Museumsinsel.

• Official Museum Island website (English)
• Masterplan The future of the Museum Island (German)
• Museum Island — Interactive 360° panorama during the Festival of Lights
• A Remarkable Success Story – the Museum Island in Berlin, article on the website of the Goethe-Institut, February 2010 (English)

Museum Island, Berlin Pergamon Museum Altes Museum Bode Museum Egyptian Museum Alte Nationalgalerie Neues Museum Berlin Cathedral Lustgarten James Simon Gallery

Neighbourhoods of Mitte locality (Mitte district, Berlin) Alexanderplatz Alt-Berlin with Nikolaiviertel Cölln with Fischerinsel and Museumsinsel Dorotheenstadt Friedrichstadt Friedrichswerder Friedrich-Wilhelm-Stadt Luisenstadt Neukölln am Wasser Oranienburger Vorstadt Rosenthaler Vorstadt Spandauer Vorstadt with Scheunenviertel Stralauer Vorstadt

Visitor attractions in Berlin Mitte Alexanderplatz Alte Nationalgalerie Altes Museum Berlin Wall Memorial Berliner Dom Bode Museum Brandenburg Gate Checkpoint Charlie DDR Museum Deutsches Historisches Museum Fernsehturm Friedrichstraße Gendarmenmarkt Hackesche Höfe Hotel Adlon Humboldt University Kulturforum Lustgarten Mauermuseum Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe Museum Island Neptunbrunnen Neue Synagoge Neues Museum Nikolaiviertel Oranienburger Straße Pariser Platz Pergamon Museum Platz der Republik Potsdamer Platz Reichstag Rotes Rathaus Sony Center Staatsoper Berlin Topography of Terror Unter den Linden Weltzeituhr Western Berlin Allied Museum Aquarium Berlin Bellevue Palace Berlin Zoological Garden Botanical Gardens Europa-Center Freie Universität Berlin Hauptbahnhof Haus der Kulturen der Welt Jewish Museum Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church Kaufhaus des Westens Kurfürstendamm Museum Europäischer Kulturen Museum für Naturkunde Olympiastadion Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars Schloss Charlottenburg Soviet War Memorial Tauentzienstraße Tempelhof Airport Tiergarten Victory Column Viktoriapark Wannsee Eastern Berlin Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial East Side Gallery German-Russian Museum Karl-Marx-Allee Köpenick Palace Molecule Man Müggelberge O2 World Oberbaum Bridge Stasi Museum Tierpark Berlin Treptower Park Berlin metropolitan region Charlottenhof Palace New Palace Orangery Palace Potsdam Roman Baths Sachsenhausen concentration camp Sanssouci Palace Berlin Wall Culture Landmarks Spree River Transport in Berlin U-Bahn S-Bahn

Coordinates: 52°31′17″N 13°23′44″E / 52.52139°N 13.39556°E / 52.52139; 13.39556