Multiple cropping

In agriculture, multiple cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the same space during a single growing season.[1] It is a form of polyculture. It can take the form of double-cropping, in which a second crop is planted after the first has been harvested, or relay cropping, in which the second crop is started amidst the first crop before it has been harvested. A related practice, companion planting, is sometimes used in gardening and intensive cultivation of vegetables and fruits. One example of multi-cropping is tomatoes + onions + marigold; the marigolds repel some tomato pests.

Multiple cropping is found in many agricultural traditions. In the Garhwal Himalaya of India, a practice called baranaja involves sowing 12 or more crops on the same plot, including various types of beans, grams, and millets, and harvesting them at different times.

In the cultivation of rice, multiple cropping requires effective irrigation, especially in areas with a dry season. Rain that falls during the wet season permits the cultivation of rice during that period, but during the other half of the year, water cannot be channeled into the rice fields without an irrigation system. The Green Revolution in Asia led to the development of high-yield varieties of rice, which required a substantially shorter growing season of 100 days, as opposed to traditional varieties, which needed 150 to 180 days. Due to this, multiple cropping became more prevalent in Asian countries. ...

Multiple cropping utilizing genetically modified (GM) seed: Not only is efficient farming that provides larger crop yields important, but so is preserving the land that is used in agriculture. A second benefit to multiple-cropping with GM seed, in addition to planting multiple crops per season, it is genetically modified to act as an herbicide. Conventional seeds require the fields be plowed more often to reduce the amount of weeds before planting, which causes soil erosion. GM seed that presents with herbicide traits require less tilling of the soil bed and reduced use of liquid herbicide pre-emergence/emergence applications during the growing season <ref> Barrows, Geoffrey; Sexton, Steven; Zilberman, David. "Agricultural Biotechnology: The Promise and Prospects of Genetically Modified Crops." Journal of Economic Perspectives Vol. 28 Issue 1 (2014): p99-120. 22p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph. Academic Search Premier. Web. 12 April 2015.

References

  1. ↑ Bunnett, R.B. (2002). Interactive Geography 4, p. 98. SNP Pan Pacific Publishing. ISBN 981-208-657-9.

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