Michel Samaha

Michel Samaha
Born 9 September 1948
Nationality Lebanese
Years active 1960s – present
Religion Christian
Spouse(s) Gladys Samaha
Children Three daughters

Michel Fuad Samaha (born 9 September 1948) is a former Lebanese intelligence operative, deputy, and former minister of information and tourism.[1] Samaha is known for his pro-Assad government views and described as silver-tongued politician.[2] He was one of the pro-Syrian Lebanese officials who were sanctioned in 2007 by the United States for alleged "contributing to political and economic instability in Lebanon."[3][4] Subsequently confessing to the aforementioned terrorist actively, Samaha was on 17 December 2012 listed by the United States as a global terrorist under section 1(b) of Executive Order 13224.[5][6][7]

Early life and career

Samaha was born on 9 September 1948.[8] He became a member of the Phalangist or Kataeb Party in 1964 when he was a student. He was elected head of the party's student body in the 1970s.[9] After graduation, he was appointed by Amine Gemayel as his media advisor. Then he became the chairman of the board of Tele Liban.[10] During the Lebanon civil war, he acted as a mediator between the party and Assad government.[11] Samaha served as an advisor and envoy to Amine Gemayel during the latter's presidency from 1982 to 1988.[12][13]

However, later he joined the Lebanese Forces (LF) faction led by Elie Hobeika.[14] In 1985, he began to act as both a Lebanese political operator and a Syrian-French intelligence operative.[10] He agreed to support the 1985 tripartite agreement between the LF represented by Hobeika, Nabih Berri’s Amal Movement, and Walid Jumblatt’s Progressive Socialist Party (PSP) on the eve of its signing.[10] Samaha left the LF-controlled areas on 15 January 1986. LF was headed by Samir Geagea during this period.[10]

Samaha was also the advisor and close ally of Syrian President Bashar Assad and the Assad family since the time of late President Hafez Assad.[15][16] Samaha served as the advisor of Bashar Assad in regard to his public relations in Europe.[11] Samaha had close ties with the French, Canadian, and US governments and assumed secret diplomatic and security roles.[16]

When his close friend Elias Hrawi became president whose term lasted from 1989 to 1998, Samaha was made by him the information minister in 1992, then tourism minister for six months, then information minister again from 1992 to 1995.[10] Samaha won the Catholic parliamentary seat in North Metn in 1992 after the Taif agreement became effective.[17] However, he lost it in the 1996 and 2000 elections.[10][18] Then prime minister Rafik Hariri appointed him information minister in 2003.[17][19] This appointment was made during the term of president Emile Lahoud whose tenure lasted from 1998 to 2007.[10]

After the 2000 elections, Samaha involved in the establishment of the Movement for Democratic Renewal.[11] However, in 2002, he allied himself with the pro-Syrian political camp in Lebanon. Just before his arrest in August 2012, he was a member of Omar Karami’s pro-Syrian movement, the National Gathering.[11]

Arrest

Samaha was arrested on 9 August 2012 due to his involvement in transporting explosives into Lebanon with the help of the Syrian Security Chief Ali Mamlouk and his attempt to destabilize the country.[20] The other reason for his arrest was "inciting sectarian strife" in Lebanon.[21] Samaha was arrested based on the instructions from the acting public prosecutor of Lebanon.[22]

In December 2012, 14 March MP Okab Sakr claimed that Jamil Al Sayyed, who is one of Samaha's close confidants, had been in the car with Samaha along with a third person while transferring explosives from Syria to Lebanon to carry out terrorist attacks.[23][24] Samaha had close links with various senior Syrian political and intelligence aides, including top adviser to President Assad, Butheina Shaban in relation to this activities.[25][24]

One of Samaha's lawyers is Sayyed's son, Malek Sayyed.[26][27] Samaha confessed on 10 August to the Internal Security Forces Information Branch that Syrian President Bashar Assad wanted bomb attacks in Lebanon.[28] Najib Mikati, the Lebanese Prime Minister, stated in September 2012 that Samaha admitted his involvement of plotting terror attacks in Lebanon.[29] According to leaked interrogation transcripts, Samaha suggested that the bombs were meant to target Lebanese Christian leaders in order to raise sectarian tensions.[30]

The intelligence branch of the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF), headed by Wissam al-Hassan who was assassinated on 19 October 2012, played a central role in his arrest.[31][32] Samir Geagea argued that al-Hassan was assassinated due to his involvement in the arrest of Samaha.[33]

US designation as global terrorist

On 17 December 2012, the US government designated Samaha a "global terrorist" for helping the Syrian President Bashar Assad to launch attacks in Lebanon.[7][34] In addition, the US Treasury announced that economic sanctions on him were in effect, freezing any assets he owns under US jurisdiction and forbidding US citizens from doing business with him.[34]

Personal life

Samaha is a Greek Catholic,[11] and holds dual citizenship, Lebanese and Canadian.[34] He is married to Gladys Samaha[11] and has three daughters.[35]

References

  1. ↑ Zahera Harb (15 April 2011). Channels of Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media. I.B.Tauris. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-84885-120-7. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
  2. ↑ Muhanna, Elias (9 August 2012). "Syria's Man in Lebanon Arrested: Three Reasons to Pay Attention". Al Monitor. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  3. ↑ "Michel Samaha Arrested, 'Confesses to Plotting Bombings in North'". Naharnet. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  4. ↑ Black, Ian (9 August 2012). "Lebanese ally of Bashar al-Assad held in Beirut over 'sensitive' security issue". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
  5. ↑ "U.S. brands former Lebanese minister linked to Syria a terrorist". Reuters. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  6. ↑ "DOS Designates Michel Samaha a Global Terrorist". The Jewish Press. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Designations of Michel Samaha" (MEDIA NOTE). Washington DC: US Department of State. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
  8. ↑ "Treasury Designates Lebanese Agent Working on Behalf of The Asad Regime". US Department of Treasury. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  9. ↑ "Once anti-Syrian regime Michel Samaha becomes relations coordinator with regime". LBC. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 Choufi, Firas (10 August 2012). "The Arrest of Michel Samaha: A Bold Mysterious Move". Al Akhbar. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Luca, Ana Maria (10 August 2012). "Confusion after Samaha’s arrest". Now Lebanon. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  12. ↑ "Lebanese leaders agree on cease-fire". Schenectady Gazette. 14 March 1984. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  13. ↑ Copps, Alan (6 April 1984). "Lebanese, Syrian leaders to hold summit meeting". Observer Reporter (Beirut). IP. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
  14. ↑ Ali, Moe (1 September 2012). "An illogical conspiracy". Executive. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
  15. ↑ "What you didn’t know about Lebanon’s Michel Samaha". Al Arabiya. 30 August 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 AbuKhalil, Asad (13 August 2012). "The Michel Samaha Affair". Al Akhbar. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Diab, Youssef (9 August 2012). "Former Lebanese minister detained after discovery of bomb plot". The Daily Star. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  18. ↑ Malik, Habib (6 September 1996). "Parliamentary Elections in Lebanon". The Washington Institute. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  19. ↑ "Lebanon's new Cabinet: Members list, observations". Lebanon Wire. 18 April 2003. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  20. ↑ Taylor, Alex (20 October 2012). "Hasan’s pivotal security role". The Daily Star. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  21. ↑ "Lebanon military court seeks death penalty for Samaha, Mamlouk". Middle East Online. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  22. ↑ Muir, Jim (9 August 2012). "Syria crisis: Lebanese detention highlights faultlines". BBC (Beirut). Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  23. ↑ "Sakr: Leaked recordings were fabricated". Now Lebanon. 6 December 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Kechichian, Joseph (9 August 2012). "Lebanon’s Pro-Syria cabinet minister Samaha apprehended". Gulf News. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
  25. ↑ Al Sharif, Osama (24 October 2012). "Lebanon at the edge of precipice". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  26. ↑ Abu Shakra, Eyad (14 August 2012). "Michel Samaha between judgment… and fate". Al Arabiya. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  27. ↑ "Lebanon charges Samaha, Assad security adviser for terror plots". The Daily Star (Beirut). 11 August 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  28. ↑ "Sources: Sayyed in Samaha's car during Syria-Lebanon bombs transport". The Daily Star (Beirut). 10 September 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
  29. ↑ "Mikati: Samaha confessed without coercion". The Daily Star (Beirut). 10 September 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  30. ↑ "Lebanon and Syria: Peering into the abyss". The Economist. 27 October 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
  31. ↑ "Gemayel says Hassan killing linked to Samaha case, Syria". NOW Lebanon. 21 October 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  32. ↑ Radin, CD (21 October 2012). "Beirut car bomb kills anti-Syrian intelligence general". Long War Journal. Retrieved 22 October 2012.
  33. ↑ "Geagea: Hassan was killed because he uncovered Samaha’s plot". Now Lebanon. 20 October 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "US names Lebanese ex-minister Samaha 'global terrorist'". France 24. AFP. 17 December 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  35. ↑ Diab, Youssef (10 October 2012). "Judge interrogates Samaha over audio recordings". The Daily Star (Beirut). Retrieved 20 October 2012.