Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
| Methanocaldococcus jannaschii | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Euryarchaeota |
| Phylum: | Euryarchaeota |
| Class: | Methanococci |
| Order: | Methanococcales |
| Family: | Methanocaldococcaceae |
| Genus: | Methanocaldococcus |
| Species: | Methanocaldococcus jannaschii |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii (formerly Methanococcus jannas chii) is a thermophilic methanogenic archaea in the class Methanococci. It was the first archaeon to have its complete genome sequenced.[1] The sequencing identified many genes unique to the archaea. Many of the synthesis pathways for methanogenic cofactors were worked out biochemically in this organism,[2] as were several other archaeal-specific metabolic pathways.
History
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii was isolated from a submarine hydrothermal vent at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.[3]
Sequencing
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii was sequenced by a group at TIGR led by Craig Venter[4] using whole genome shotgun sequencing. M. jannaschii represented the first member of the Archaea to have its genome sequenced. According to Venter, the unique features of the genome provided strong evidence that there are three domains of life.[5]
Taxonomy
Methanocaldoccus jannaschii is a member of the genus Methanocaldococcus (previously a part of Methanococcus) and is therefore sometimes referred to as a "class I" methanogen (e.g. ).
Biology and biochemistry
M. jannaschii is a thermophilic methanogen, meaning it grows by making methane as a metabolic byproduct. It is only capable of growth on carbon dioxide and hydrogen as primary energy sources, unlike many other methanococci (such as Methanococcus maripalidus) which can also use formate as a primary energy source.[6] The genome includes many hydrogenases, such as a 5,10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin hydrogenase,[7] a ferredoxin hydrogenase (eha), and a Coenzyme F420 hydrogenase.[8]
Proteomic studies showed that M. jannaschii contains a large number of inteins: 19 were discovered by one study.[9]
Many novel metabolic pathways have been worked out in M. jannaschii, including the pathways for synthesis of many methanogenic cofactors,[10] riboflavin,[11] and novel amino acid synthesis pathways . Many information processing pathways have also been studied in this organism, such as an archaeal-specific DNA polymerase family.[12]
References
- ↑ Bult CJ et al. (1996). "Complete genome sequence of the methanogenic archaeon, Methanococcus jannaschii.". Science 273 (5278): 1058–1073. doi:10.1126/science.273.5278.1058. PMID 8688087.
- ↑ White R. (2001). "Biosynthesis of the methanogenic cofactors.". Vitamins and Hormones 61: 299–337. doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(01)61010-0. PMID 11153270.
- ↑ Jones WJ et al (1983). "Methanococcus jannaschii sp. nov., an extremely thermophilic methanogen from a submarine hydrothermal vent". Arch. Microbiol. 136 (4): 254–261. doi:10.1007/BF00425213.
- ↑ Wade N. (23 August 1996). "Deep Sea Yields a Clue to Life's Origin.". New York Times.
- ↑ Wade N. et al. ibid.
- ↑ Jones et al. ibid.
- ↑ Lyon EJ, Shima S, Buurman G, Chowdhuri S, Batschauer A, Steinbach K, Thauer RK (January 2004). "UV-A/blue-light inactivation of the 'metal-free' hydrogenase (Hmd) from methanogenic archaea". Eur. J. Biochem. 271 (1): 195–204. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03920.x. PMID 14686932.
- ↑ Thauer et al. (2010). "Hydrogenases from Methanogenic Archaea, Nickel, a Novel Cofactor, and H2 Storage". Ann. Rev. Biochem. 79: 507–536. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.030508.152103.
- ↑ Zhu W. et al (2004). "Shotgun Proteomics of Methanococcus jannaschii and Insights into Methanogenesis". J. Proteome Res. 3 (3): 538–548. doi:10.1021/pr034109s. PMID 15253435..
- ↑ White R. Ibid.
- ↑ Haase I, Mörtl S, Köhler P, Bacher A, Fischer M. (2003). "Biosynthesis of riboflavin in archaea. 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase of Methanococcus jannaschii". Eur J Biochem. 270 (5): 1025–1032. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03478.x. PMID 12603336.
- ↑ Ishino Y. et al.. "A Novel DNA Polymerase Family Found in Archaea". J. bacteriol. 180 (8): 2232–2236.
Further reading
- Gao, yongxiang (November 2013). "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of MJ0458, an adenylate kinase from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii". Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications: 1272-1274. doi:10.1107/S1744309113026638. PMID 24192367.
- Wang, Yu; Xu, Huimin; White, Robert H. (August 2014). "Beta-Alanine Biosynthesis in Methanocaldococcus jannaschii". American Society for Microbiology 196: 2869–2875. doi:10.1128/JB.01784-14.
- Allen, Kyle D.; Xu, Huimin; White, Robert H. (September 2014). "Identification of a Unique Radical S-Adenosylmethionine Methylase Likely Involved in Methanopterin Biosynthesis in Methanocaldococcus jannaschii". Journal of Bacteriology 196 (18): 3315–3323. doi:10.1128/JB.01903-14.
- Lee, Eun Hye; Lee, Kitaik; Hwang, Kwang Yeon (13 December 2013). "Structural characterization and comparison of the large subunits of IPM isomerase and homoaconitase from Methanococcus jannaschii" 70 (Pt 4). p. 922-931. doi:10.1107/S1399004713033762.