Meliaceae
| Mahogany family | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Melia azedarach in flower | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae Juss.[1] |
| Genera | |
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See text. | |
Meliaceae, or the Mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs (and a few herbaceous plants, mangroves) in the order Sapindales.
They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous,[2] apparently bisexual (but actually mostly cryptically unisexual) flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes, or clusters. Most species are evergreen, but some are deciduous, either in the dry season or in winter.
The family includes about 50 genera and 550 species, with a pantropical distribution; one genus (Toona) extends north into temperate China and south into southeast Australia, and another (Melia) nearly as far north.
Uses
Various species are used for vegetable oil, soap-making, insecticides, and highly prized wood (mahogany).
Some economically important species belong to this family:
- Neem tree Azadirachta indica (India)
- Crabwood Tree Carapa procera (South America and Africa)
- Cedrela Cedrela odorata (Central and South America; timber also known as Spanish-cedar)
- Sapele Entandrophragma cylindricum (tropical Africa)
- Utile or Sipo, Entandrophragma utile (tropical Africa)
- Bossé Guarea cedrata (Africa)
- Bossé Guarea thompsonii (Africa)
- Ivory Coast Mahogany Khaya ivorensis (tropical Africa)
- Senegal Mahogany Khaya senegalensis (tropical Africa)
- Chinaberry or White Cedar, Melia azedarach (Indomalaya and Australasia)
- Mahogany Swietenia species (tropical Americas)
- Toon, Toona species (tropical Asia, Malesia, and Australia), especially Toona ciliata
Genera
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Notes
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
- ↑ Of a gynoecium, made up of united carpels
References
- Pennington, T.D. & Styles, B.T. (1975): A generic monograph of the Meliaceae. Blumea 22: 419-540.
External links
- Meliaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
- Project Meliaceae
- For reference about the Malaysian species visit: http://sites.google.com/site/malaysianedibleflora