Malaysian general election, 1999

Malaysian general election, 1999

29 November 1999 (1999-11-29)

All 193 seats to the Dewan Rakyat and all 442 state legislature seats in 12 (out of 13, except Sarawak) states of Malaysia 97 seats needed for a majority Turnout 6,631,094 (69.3%)   First party Second party   BA Leader Mahathir Mohammad Fadzil Noor Party Barisan Nasional Barisan Alternatif Leader since 16 July 1981 (1981-07-16) 24 October 1999 (1999-10-24) Leader's seat Kubang Pasu Pendang Last election 162 seats, 65.2% 30 seats, 32.8%[1] Seats won 147 45 Seat change 15 15 Popular vote 3,748,511 2,667,818 Percentage 56.5% 40.2% Swing 8.7% 7.4%

Prime Minister before election Mahathir Mohammad Barisan Nasional Prime Minister-designate Mahathir Mohamad Barisan Nasional

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The 1999 Malaysian General Election was held on 29 November 1999 as stipulated by the laws of Malaysia for general elections. As expected, the Barisan Nasional coalition maintained its majority in parliament, and thus, its grip on the post of Prime Minister.

However, due to the Anwar Ibrahim scandal, the win was one of the lowest experienced by the ruling coalition over the years, since independence, with the exception of the 1969 general election.

Results

Parliamentary results

6,631,094 out of 9,564,071 registered voters cast their vote in this election. Although Barisan Nasional maintained its majority in Parliament, its overall popular vote dropped to roughly 56%. The parliamentary results are as follows:

Summary of the 29 November 1999 Malaysian Dewan Rakyat election results

Political Party				Votes	% of vote	Seats	% of seats	+/–
	National Front		BN	3,748,511	56.53	147	76.56	19
		United Malays National Organisation	UMNO	-	-	71	36.98	22
		Malaysian Chinese Association	MCA	-	-	29	15.10	-
		Malaysian Indian Congress	MIC	-	-	7	3.65	-
		Malaysian People's Movement Party	Gerakan	-	-	6	3.13
		People's Progressive Party	PPP	-	-	-	-	-
		Parties in Sarawak		-	-	28	14.58
		Parties in Sabah		-	-	6	3.13
	Alternative Front		BA	2,667,818	40.23	42	21.88	26
		Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	PAS	994,279	14.99	27	14.06	19
		Democratic Action Party	DAP	830,870	12.53	10	5.21	3
		National Justice Party1	KeADILan	773,679	11.67	5	2.60	1
		Malaysian People's Party	PRM	68,990	1.04	0	0.00	0
	United Sabah Party2		PBS	143,342	2.16	3	1.56	5
	State Reform Party2		STAR	23,354	0.35	0	0
	Malaysian Democratic Party		MDP	8,001	0.12	0	0.0
	Pan Malaysian Islamic Front		BERJASA	409	0.01	0	0
	Malaysian People's Welfare Party		AKIM	274	0.00	0	0.0
	Independents and others			39,385	0.59	0	0	1
Valid votes				6,455,714
Invalid/blank votes				175,380
Total votes (voter turnout: 69.3%)				6,631,094	100.0	193	100.0	+1
Did not vote				2,932,977
Registered voters				9,564,071
Voting age population				13,411,519
Malaysian population				22,549,627
Source: Nohlen et al. 1This is the first election taken part by KeADILan 2Pending to join Barisan Alternatif, but STAR have managed to negotiate with the component parties of BA over all the seats in Sarawak, while PBS could not fully manage the negotiation in Sabah.

State assembly results

The opposition won a total of 113 state assembly seats, 98 of which went to the PAS, 11 to the DAP and 4 for Keadilan.^[2] In the states of Kelantan and Terengganu, the PAS won by a huge margin–41-2 against Barisan Nasional out of a total of 43 seats and 28-4 out of a total of 32 seats respectively, hence allowing them to form the state governments in these states. In addition, PAS also captured one-third of the state seats in Kedah, with the remaining two-thirds going to Barisan Nasional (UMNO won 16 seats, MCA 2 seats in Kedah).

The election results were seen as a great gain for PAS, who previously had no state seats in Kedah and capturing only one seat in Terengganu in the 1995 General Elections. Observers attributed this to the negelect by the Federal Administration in the states of Terengganu and Kelantan.^[3]

Post elections cabinet appointments

After the elections, Mahathir Mohamad was re-elected as the Prime Minister and formed a cabinet. Among his prominent was to appoint a non-politician and an academic, Dr. Musa Mohamed to spearhead the Education Ministry. The cabinet comprises of 30 full ministers from Barisan Nasional. ^[4]

References

• Chin, James (2000). "A New Balance: The Chinese Vote in the 1999 Malaysian General Election". South East Asia Research 8 (3): 281–299. doi:10.5367/000000000101297299. 
• "Malaysia unlikely to go fundamentalist: Lee Kuan Yew". (Dec. 13, 1999). Agence France Presse.

External links

• South Asia Analysis Group synopsis of the 1999 election results.
• Trends in Malaysia: Election Assessment (PDF) a 62 pages collection of papers from Institute of Southeast Asian Studies after the 1999 election.

Elections in Malaysia General elections Year 1955 1959 1964 1969 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1995 1999 2004 2008 2013 Election Results 11th 12th 13th State elections Nationwide Election Results 11th 12th 13th Sabah 1967 1971 1976 1981 1985 1986 1990 1994 1999 2004 2008 2013 Sarawak 1969 1974 1979 1983 1987 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 Next Singapore 1963 Parliamentary by-elections Kampar 1960 Telok Anson 1961 Kuala Trengganu Selatan 1962 Lipis 1962 Muar Selatan 1963 Seberang Selatan 1964 Bruas 1966 Krian Laut 1966 Kelantan Hilir 1967 Pasir Mas Hulu 1967 Raub 1967 Segamat Utara 1969 Lipis 1972 Rembau-Tampin 1972 Ulu Selangor 1972 Johor Timor 1973 Selayang 1975 Kemaman 1976 Pekan 1976 Keningau 1977 Kimanis 1977 Panti 1977 Pontian 1978 Pelabuhan Kelang 1978 Sri Gading 1981 Seremban 1983 Tampin 1983 Padang Terap 1985 Lubok Antu 1987 Limbawang 1987 Gopeng 1987 Johor Bahru 1988 Ampang Jaya 1989 Bentong 1989 Jerai 1991 Gua Musang 1995 Bagan 1995 Lipis 1997 Telok Intan 1997 Kuala Selangor 1997 Arau 1998 Telok Kemang 2000 Pendang 2002 Gaya 2002 Permatang Pauh 2008 Kuala Terengganu 2009 Bukit Gantang 2009 Hulu Selangor 2010 Sibu 2010 Batu Sapi 2010 Bukit Gelugor 2014 Teluk Intan 2014 Rompin 2015 Permatang Pauh 2015 State assemblies by-elections Bukit Tuku 1987 Tanjong Puteri 1988 Parit Raja 1988 Teluk Pasu 1989 Tambatan 1989 Teruntum 1989 Sungai Besar 1989 Pantai Merdeka 1990 Kuala Linggi 1990 Kijal 1990 Sipitang 1990 Bayu 1991 Usukan 1991 Perai 1991 Limbongan 1991 Sungai Pinang 1991 Serkam 1991 Jerlun 1991 Bukit Payung 1992 Batu Talam 1993 Kampung Raja 1993 Sementa 1994 Lundang 1994 Shahbandar Raya 1994 Sri Tanjong 1995 Bukit Asahan 1996 Pulai Chondong 1997 Bukit Begunan 1997 Kemena 1997 Repah 1997 Permatang 1997 Melekek 1997 Semerak 1997 Kidurong 1997 Changkat Jering 1997 Sungai Bakap 1997 Sanggang 2000 Lunas 2000 Indera Kayangan 2002 Ketari 2002 Anak Bukit 2002 Kuala Berang 2004 Pengkalan Pasir 2005 Batu Talam 2007 Machap 2007 Ijok 2007 Bukit Selambau 2009 Batang Ai 2009 Penanti 2009 Manek Urai 2009 Permatang Pasir 2009 Bagan Pinang 2009 Galas 2010 Tenang 2011 Merlimau 2011 Kerdau 2011 Kuala Besut 2013 Sungai Limau 2013 Kajang 2014 Balingian 2014 Pengkalan Kubor 2014 Chempaka 2015 Local government elections 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 See also: List of Malaysian electoral districts · List of the winning political parties in the Malaysian general election by parliamentary constituency · Template:Legislatures of Malaysia