MV Sea Empress
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | Sea Empress |
| Owner: | Oriental Ocean Shipping |
| Builder: |
 Spain |
| Acquired: | 2010 |
| Status: | Bulk carrier |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 147,273 DWT |
| Length: | 274.3 m (899.93 ft) |
| Beam: | 43.2 m (141.73 ft) |
| Draft: | 17.02 m (55.84 ft) |
| Propulsion: | direct-drive diesel, single propeller |
| Capacity: | 164,156 m3 (1,003,035.33 imp bbl) |
The MV Sea Empress was a single-hull oil tanker that ran aground near the southwest coast of Wales in February 1996. The ensuing oil spill, Britain's third largest oil spillage and the twelfth largest in the world at the time,[1] devastated a considerable area of local coastline and killed many birds, and continued to affect the Pembrokeshire coast for years afterwards.
Grounding
On the evening of 15 February 1996 the Sea Empress was entering the mouth of the Cleddau Estuary on her way into Milford Haven in Pembrokeshire to deposit its oil cargo at the Texaco oil refinery. Sailing against the outgoing tide, at 20:07 UTC the ship was pushed off its course by the current, and hit rocks in the middle of the channel, which punctured her starboard hull causing oil to pour out into the bay.[2]
Short-term effects
Over the first few days of the disaster an estimated 73,000 tonnes out of the ship's 130,000 tonne cargo of North Sea crude oil spilt onto the surrounding coast, causing a great deal of environmental and aesthetic damage to the coastline and its marine life and wildlife in an area which lies within the protection of the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.
Birds
The most visible effect of the spill was seen in the large number of birds covered in oil that were shown on television and in newspapers.[3] Amongst the birds affected were guillemots, razorbills and the worst affected bird, the Common Scoter duck. 83% of the birds affected were Common Scoter birds, and it is estimated that 5000 of the 15000 population in the area were killed.[4][5] The RSPB set up a temporary bird hospital in Milford Haven to try to treat as many birds as possible. This centre is now a storage area but in the aftermath of the Sea Empress disaster it became a hive of activity where many birds were showered and cleaned as best as possible. Unfortunately the life expectancy of a cleaned bird that was oiled once it was let back into the sea was a very short 9 days. Members of the public also helped rescue the birds.[3] It was later revealed in a study by the British Trust for Ornithology that the average survival time for a rescued oiled bird was seven days.[5]
Seals
Although the Sea Empress ran aground near to a breeding area for the grey seal, the time of year meant that only a minority of seals were in the area. Although some seals showed signs of oil on their coats, there is no record of a seal dying as a result of the spill.
Beaches
201 kilometers of coastline were covered in crude oil.
The total cost of the cleanup operation was approximately £60 million[6]
It took almost five years for the coastline to be fully cleaned up and restored by the Pembrokeshire Council and wildlife conservationists. There was much speculation in the media at the time over the fate and unreliability of old single hull tankers which had been the cause of another disaster in Scotland just a year earlier.
The Sea Empress was recovered and subsequently re-christened MV Sea Spirit. Later renamed MV Front Spirit, it was sold as MV Ocean Opal to Chinese buyers who used it as a floating storage and offloading unit (FSO) from 2004.[7] In 2009/2010, she was converted in Shanghai into a bulk carrier, and reflagged as the Panamanian registered MV Welwind.[8][9] In 2012, she was renamed for a fifth time and is currently known as Wind 3.
The end of MV Wind 3
MV Wind 3, a 274-metre long scrap vessel brought for dismantling in the Shitakunda ship breaking yard, developed a crack in one side of its engine room following a collision with a sunken ship, Hang Ro Bong, on June 3 afternoon when it was attempting to anchor at the B (Bravo) anchorage of the port, said staff at Port Radio Control.== Long-term effects == Reference: http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=237559
See also
- Supertanker
References
- ↑ "The Sea Empress oil spill" (PDF). Parliamentary office of Science and Technology. February 1996. Retrieved 16 August 2010.
- ↑ Tugs raced to the rescue,but she became detached several more times from them, and was also hit hard by a storm, whilst still stranded. This pushed her back onto the rocks several times and more oil continued to leak, now at a faster rate. In the end she lost 72,000 tons of crude oil. BBC News: Sea Empress - The first few minutes...
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Swansea University: Sea Empress Oil Spill - Birds
- ↑ Countryside Council for Wales: Sea Empress Report
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 BBC News:Assessing the oil spill impact
- ↑ BBC Wales On Air:Sea Empress
- ↑ "Sea Empress 'could happen again'". BBC News. 2006-02-15. Retrieved 2009-12-03.
- ↑ http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=587874
- ↑ http://www.csgcic.com/en/news_info.aspx?id=3863