MASA syndrome

MASA syndrome
Classification and external resources
OMIM 303350
GeneReviews

MASA syndrome, also called CRASH syndrome and Gareis-Mason syndrome,[1] is a rare X-linked recessive[2] neurological disorder.

The acronym "MASA" describes the four major symptoms - Mental retardation, Aphasia, Shuffling gait, and Adducted thumbs.[3] A more suitable name for this syndrome is "L1 syndrome". The disorder has been associated with mutations in the L1CAM gene. This syndrome has severe symptoms in males, while females are carriers because only one X-chromosome is affected. The term "CRASH", for "corpus callosum hypoplasia, retardation, adducted thumbs, spastic paraplegia, and hydrocephalus" has also been used to describe L1CAM-related disorders. A prenatal diagnostic is possible and very reliable when mother is carrier of the syndrome. First, it's necessary to determine the fetus' sex and then study X-chromosomes. In both cases, the probability to transfer the X-chromosome affected to the descendants is 50%. Male descendants who inherit the affected chromosome will express the symptoms of the syndrome, but females who do will be carriers. [4]

References

  1. ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 303350
  2. ↑ Winter RM, D. K.; Davies, K. E.; Bell, M. V.; Huson, S. M.; Patterson, M. N. (July 1989). "MASA syndrome: further clinical delineation and chromosomal localisation". Human Genetics 82 (4): 367–370. doi:10.1007/bf00273999. PMID 2737668.
  3. ↑ Bianchine JW, Lewis RC (1974). "The MASA syndrome: a new heritable mental retardation syndrome". Clin. Genet. 5 (4): 298–306. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1974.tb01697.x. PMID 4855169.
  4. ↑ Fransen E, Lemmon V, Van Camp G, Vits L, Coucke P, Willems PJ (1995). "CRASH syndrome: clinical spectrum of corpus callosum hypoplasia, retardation, adducted thumbs, spastic paraparesis and hydrocephalus due to mutations in one single gene, L1". European Journal of Human Genetics 3 (5): 273–84. PMID 8556302.

External links