Māna

Translations of
māna
English: pride,
arrogance
conceit
Sanskrit: māna
Burmese: မာန
(IPA: [màna̰])
Chinese: 慢 (T) / 慢 (S)
Japanese: 慢
Man
Korean: 만
(RR: man)
Mon: မာန်
([màn])
Shan: မႃႇၼႃႉ
([maa2 naa5])
Tibetan: ང་རྒྱལ་
(Wylie: nga rgyal;
THL: ngagyal)
Thai: มานะ
Glossary of Buddhism

Māna (Sanskrit, Pali; Tibetan: nga rgyal) is a Buddhist term that is translated as "pride", "arrogance", or "conceit". It is defined as an inflated mind that makes whatever is suitable, such as wealth or learning, to be the foundation of pride.[1] It creates the basis for disrespecting others and for the occurrence of suffering.[2]

Māna is identified as:

Explanations

Theravada

Nina van Gorkom explains:

There is conceit or pride when we consider ourselves important. Because of conceit we may compare ourselves with others. There can be conceit when we think ourselves better, equal or less than someone else. We may believe that there can be conceit only when we think ourselves better than someone else, but this is not so. There can be a kind of upholding of ourselves, of making ourselves important, while we compare ourselves with someone else, no matter in what way, and that is conceit.[3]

The Atthasālinī (II, Part IX, Chapter III, 256) gives the following definition of conceit:

...Herein conceit is fancying (deeming, vain imagining). It has haughtiness as characteristic, self-praise as function, desire to (advertise self like) a banner as manifestation, greed dissociated from opinionatedness as proximate cause, and should be regarded as (a form of) lunacy.[3]

Mahayana

The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:

What is arrogance? It is an inflated mind as to what is perishable and its function is to serve as the basis for disrespect and frustrations.[1]

Herbert Guenther explains:

Arrogance is a mental event which is a kind of inflated mind making whatever is suitable, such as wealth or learning, to be the foundation of pride.[1]

Alexander Berzin explains:

Arrogance (nga-rgyal, pride) is a puffed-up mind (khengs-pa) based on a deluded outlook toward a transitory network (‘jig-lta). [...] It functions to make us not appreciate others or respect the good qualities of others (mi-gus-pa) and to prevent us from learning anything.[4]

The Mahayana tradition identifies seven types of arrogance:[1][4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 744-746.
  2. ↑ Kunsang (2004), p. 26.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gorkom (2010), Definition of conceit
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Berzin (2006)

Sources

External links