Little red flying fox

Little red flying fox
Little Red Flying-foxes at Wellington Zoo
Conservation status

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Pteropodidae
Genus: Pteropus
Species: P. scapulatus
Binomial name
Pteropus scapulatus
Peters, 1862
Little red flying fox range
(blue — native, brown — vagrant)

The little red flying fox (Pteropus scapulatus) is a species of megabat native to northern and eastern Australia.[2] With a weight of 280–530 grams (9.9–18.7 oz) it is the smallest flying fox in mainland Australia (the others being the black, spectacled and grey-headed flying foxes).

Behavior

It has the widest range of all the species, going much further inland than the larger fruit bats. Its diet primarily consists of nectar and pollen of eucalypt blossoms, the pollination of which it is largely responsible. The little red flying fox is nomadic, and can be found in large groups of up to a million individuals. This species gives birth six months later than the other mainland flying fox species, in April and May.[3]

A National Geographic Channel special program ("World's Weirdest: Flying Foxes") documents that the little red flying fox will skim the surface of rivers, then lap the water from their fur; this can put them in danger from being seized by predators such as crocodiles.[4]

Public perception

Hanging in a close group

This species of flying fox hangs in a different way from other mainland species. The larger species tend to hang an arm's length apart; however, the little reds tend to clump together so they may hang in groups of 20 or more animals on an individual branch. So, these animals are associated with significant canopy and branch damage in camps where they reside. They also tend to appear in very large numbers (20,000 or more) and the 'footprint' of a camp can expand rapidly for the several weeks or months they remain at a site. Their large numbers and the damage they cause to a camp site mean they are not very popular animals.

Negative public perception of the species has intensified with the discovery of three recently emerged zoonotic viruses that are potentially fatal to humans: Hendra virus, Australian bat lyssavirus and Menangle virus.[5]

Conservation

The animals are nomadic and difficult to track, as they tend not to live in urban areas. No accurate method in use currently can estimate the population to determine if the species is holding its own or is in decline. The species is very likely to be affected by the same factors that have seen the grey-headed flying fox and spectacled flying fox listed as threatened, that is, the destruction of foraging areas and roosting habitat.[6]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Hall, L. & McKenzie, N. (2008). "Pteropus scapulatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 31 December 2011.
  2. ↑ Simmons, N. B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 344. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ↑ "Little red flying-fox" accessed 3 July 2011
  4. ↑ "World's Weirdest: Flying Foxes". National Geographic Video. c. 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2013. Meet the little red flying fox, a bat with a wingspan of up to three feet. Its wings take a lot of work to maintain - and one missed approach while getting a drink can land this bat in the mouth of a crocodile.
  5. ↑ Speare, Rick et al (1997), p. 117.
  6. ↑ "Little red flying-fox" accessed 3 July 2011

References

External links