Lithium hexafluorophosphate

Lithium hexafluorophosphate
Names
IUPAC name
lithium hexafluorophosphate
Identifiers
21324-40-3 Yes
ChemSpider 146939 Yes
Jmol-3D images Image
PubChem 23688915
Properties
LiPF6
Molar mass 151.905 g/mol
Appearance white powder
Density 1.5 g/cm3
Melting point 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K)
soluble
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word DANGER
H314
P280, P310, P305+351+338
EU Index Not listed
R-phrases R22, R24, R34
S-phrases S26, S36, S37, S39, S45
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
 Lithium tetrafluoroborate
Other cations
 Sodium hexafluorophosphate
Potassium hexafluorophosphate
Ammonium hexafluorophosphate
Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
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Infobox references

Lithium hexafluorophosphate is an inorganic compound with the formula LiPF6. It is a white crystalline powder. It is used in commercial secondary batteries, an application that exploits its high solubility in nonpolar solvents. Specifically, solutions of lithium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane serve as an electrolyte in lithium batteries.[1] This application also exploits the inertness of the hexafluorophosphate anion toward strong reducing agents, such as lithium metal.

The salt is relatively stable thermally, but loses 50% weight at 200 °C. In nonaqueous solutions hydrolysis is noticeable near 70 °C[2] according to the following equation:

LiPF6 + H2O → HF + PF5 + LiOH

LiPF6 also catalyses the tetrahydropyranylation of tertiary alcohols.[3]

References

  1. ↑ John B. Goodenough, Youngsik Kim "Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries" Chem. Mater., 2010, volume 22, pp 587–603. doi:10.1021/cm901452z
  2. ↑ "Xu, Kang. "Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries."Chemical Reviews 2004, pp. 104, pp. 4303-418. <http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cr030203g>"
  3. ↑ Nao Hamada; Sato Tsuneo (2004). "Lithium Hexafluorophosphate-Catalyzed Efficient Tetrahydropyranylation of Tertiary Alcohols under Mild Reaction Conditions". Synlett (10): 1802. doi:10.1055/s-2004-829550.