List of threatened fauna of Michigan

The list of threatened fauna of Michigan includes almost 400 endangered, threatened and special concern species that are located in Michigan as a part of the fauna of the United States.^[1] Endangered and threatened species in Michigan are protected through the Endangered Species Act of the State of Michigan, part of the 1994 Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act. The list was last updated in 2009 to its sixth iteration.^[2] At this time, 69 new species were added, including many species of freshwater mussels and snails, and 13 species were removed.^[1] The state also recognizes species of special concern, which are not protected under the Act. These species have low or declining numbers in the state or a need for additional information on their populations in Michigan. If the species' numbers decline, they are moved to threatened or endangered status and afforded protection under the Act; if they increase, they are removed from the list without further action.^[2]

Threatened and endangered species can also be listed under the Federal Endangered Species Act, passed in 1973; the Act covers over 1,250 plant and animal species. Species can be on either list or both lists – representation on one does not automatically determine representation (or status) on the other.^[1][3]

A large portion of the field surveys and research conducted with regards to threatened and endangered species in Michigan is undertaken by the Michigan Natural Features Inventory (MNFI) program. The MNFI program was originally developed in 1980 as part of the state natural heritage programs conceptualized by The Nature Conservancy (TNC), through which it received its first funding. The MNFI program severed relations with TNC in 2000, and became a program of the Michigan State University Extension Services.^[4]

Mammals

There are twelve species of threatened mammals in Michigan. Five of these are listed as species of threatened concern, three as threatened and four as endangered. Two also have federal listed status as endangered or threatened.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Alces alces	Moose	Special Concern
Canis lupus	Gray wolf	Special Concern
Cryptotis parva	Least shrew	Threatened
Felis concolor	Cougar	Endangered
Glaucomys sabrinus	Northern flying squirrel	Special Concern
Lynx canadensis	Lynx	Endangered	Threatened
Microtus ochrogaster	Prairie vole	Endangered
Microtus pinetorum	Woodland vole	Special Concern
Myotis sodalis	Indiana bat	Endangered	Endangered
Nycticeius humeralis	Evening bat	Threatened
Pipistrellus subflavus	Eastern pipistrelle	Special Concern
Sorex fumeus	Smoky shrew	Threatened

Amphibians

There are five species and subspecies of threatened amphibians in Michigan. Two of these are listed as species of special concern, one as a threatened species and two as endangered. No amphibians with federally listed threatened status have populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Acris crepitans blanchardi	Blanchard's cricket frog	Threatened
Ambystoma opacum	Marbled salamander	Endangered
Ambystoma texanum	Smallmouth salamander	Endangered
Pseudacris maculata	Boreal chorus frog	Special Concern
Siren intermedia nettingi	Western lesser siren	Special Concern

Reptiles

There are eleven species and subspecies of threatened reptiles in Michigan. Of these, six are listed as species of special concern, three as threatened and two as endangered. One species has federal listed status as threatened, while another is a candidate for federal listing.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Clemmys guttata	Spotted turtle	Threatened
Clemmys insculpta	Wood turtle	Special Concern
Clonophis kirtlandii	Kirtland's snake	Endangered
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus	Six-lined racerunner	Threatened
Emys blandingii	Blanding's turtle	Special Concern
Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta	Copperbelly water snake	Endangered	Threatened
Pantherophis gloydi	Eastern fox snake	Threatened
Pantherophis spiloides	Gray rat snake	Special Concern
Regina septemvittata	Queen snake	Special Concern
Sistrurus catenatus catenatus	Eastern massasauga	Special Concern	Candidate
Terrapene carolina carolina	Eastern box turtle	Special Concern

Birds

There are 42 threatened species and subspecies of birds in Michigan. Of these, 18 are listed as species of threatened concern, 14 as threatened and 9 as endangered. One additional species is listed as extinct in Michigan, although it previously had a population in the state. Two species have federal listed status as endangered.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Accipiter gentilis	Northern goshawk	Special Concern
Ammodramus henslowii	Henslow's sparrow	Endangered
Ammodramus savannarum	Grasshopper sparrow	Special Concern
Asio flammeus	Short-eared owl	Endangered
Asio otus	Long-eared owl	Threatened
Botaurus lentiginosus	American bittern	Special Concern
Buteo lineatus	Red-shouldered hawk	Threatened
Charadrius melodus	Piping plover	Endangered	Endangered and Critical Habitat[note 1]
Chlidonias niger	Black tern	Special Concern
Chondestes grammacus	Lark sparrow	Extinct
Circus cyaneus	Northern harrier	Special Concern
Cistothorus palustris	Marsh wren	Special Concern
Coturnicops noveboracensis	Yellow rail	Threatened
Cygnus buccinator	Trumpeter swan	Threatened
Falcipennis canadensis	Spruce grouse	Special Concern
Falco columbarius	Merlin	Threatened
Falco peregrinus	Peregrine falcon	Endangered
Gallinula chloropus	Common moorhen	Threatened
Gavia immer	Common loon	Threatened
Haliaeetus leucocephalus	Bald eagle	Special Concern
Hydroprogne caspia	Caspian tern	Threatened
Ixobrychus exilis	Least bittern	Threatened
Lanius ludovicianus migrans	Migrant loggerhead shrike	Endangered
Nycticorax nycticorax	Black-crowned night-heron	Special Concern
Pandion haliaetus	Osprey	Special Concern
Parkesia motacilla	Louisiana waterthrush	Threatened
Phalaropus tricolor	Wilson's phalarope	Special Concern
Picoides arcticus	Black-backed woodpecker	Special Concern
Protonotaria citrea	Prothonotary warbler	Special Concern
Rallus elegans	King rail	Endangered
Setophaga cerulea	Cerulean warbler	Threatened
Setophaga citrina	Hooded warbler	Special Concern
Setophaga discolor	Prairie warbler	Endangered
Setophaga dominica	Yellow-throated warbler	Threatened
Setophaga kirtlandii	Kirtland's warbler	Endangered	Endangered
Spiza americana	Dickcissel	Special Concern
Sterna forsteri	Forster's tern	Threatened
Sterna hirundo	Common tern	Threatened
Sturnella neglecta	Western meadowlark	Special Concern
Tympanuchus phasianellus	Sharp-tailed grouse	Special Concern
Tyto alba	Barn owl	Endangered
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus	Yellow-headed blackbird	Special Concern

Fish

There are 35 species and subspecies of threatened fish in Michigan. Of these, eight are species of special concern, nine are threatened and another nine are listed as endangered. An additional nine species that previously had populations in Michigan are now considered extinct in that state. None of the federally listed species of threatened fish have populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Acipenser fulvescens	Lake sturgeon	Threatened
Ammocrypta pellucida	Eastern sand darter	Threatened
Clinostomus elongatus	Redside dace	Endangered
Coregonus artedi	Lake herring	Threatened
Coregonus hubbsi	Ives Lake cisco	Threatened
Coregonus johannae	Deepwater cisco	Extinct
Coregonus kiyi	Kiyi	Special Concern
Coregonus nigripinnis	Blackfin cisco	Extinct
Coregonus reighardi	Shortnose cisco	Extinct
Coregonus zenithicus	Shortjaw cisco	Threatened
Coregonus zenithicus bartletti	Siskiwit lake cisco	Threatened
Cottus ricei	Spoonhead sculpin	Special Concern
Erimyzon oblongus	Creek chubsucker	Endangered
Etheostoma spectabile	Orangethroat darter	Special Concern
Fundulus dispar	Starhead topminnow	Special Concern
Hiodon tergisus	Mooneye	Threatened
Hybopsis amblops	Bigeye chub	Extinct
Lepisosteus oculatus	Spotted gar	Special Concern
Macrhybopsis storeriana	Silver chub	Special Concern
Moxostoma carinatum	River redhorse	Threatened
Notropis anogenus	Pugnose shiner	Endangered
Notropis chalybaeus	Ironcolor shiner	Extinct
Notropis dorsalis	Bigmouth shiner	Special Concern
Noturus miurus	Brindled madtom	Special Concern
Notropis photogenis	Silver shiner	Endangered
Notropis texanus	Weed shiner	Extinct
Noturus stigmosus	Northern madtom	Endangered
Opsopoeodus emiliae	Pugnose minnow	Endangered
Percina copelandi	Channel darter	Endangered
Percina shumardi	River darter	Endangered
Phoxinus erythrogaster	Southern redbelly dace	Endangered
Polyodon spathula	Paddlefish	Extinct
Sander canadensis	Sauger	Threatened
Sander vitreus glaucus	Bluepike	Extinct
Thymallus arcticus	Arctic grayling	Extinct

Insects

Butterflies and moths

There are 53 species and subspecies of threatened butterflies and moths in Michigan. Of these, 40 are listed as species of special concern, 8 as threatened and 5 as endangered. Two species are also listed as federally endangered, while another is a candidate for federal listing.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Acronicta falcula	Corylus dagger moth	Special Concern
Atrytonopsis hianna	Dusted skipper	Special Concern
Basilodes pepita	Gold moth	Special Concern
Battus philenor	Pipevine swallowtail	Special Concern
Boloria freija	Freija fritillary	Special Concern
Boloria frigga	Frigga fritillary	Special Concern
Brachionycha borealis	Boreal brachionyncha	Special Concern
Calephelis mutica	Swamp metalmark	Special Concern
Catocala amestris	Three-staff underwing	Endangered
Catocala dulciola	Quiet underwing	Special Concern
Catocala illecta	Magdalen underwing	Special Concern
Catocala robinsoni	Robinson's underwing	Special Concern
Chlosyne gorgone carlota	Gorgone checkerspot	Special Concern
Eacles imperialis pini	Pine imperial moth	Special Concern
Erebia discoidalis	Red-disked alpine	Special Concern
Erora laeta	Early hairstreak	Special Concern
Erynnis baptisiae	Wild indigo duskywing	Special Concern
Erynnis persius persius	Persius duskywing	Threatened
Euchloe ausonides	Large marble	Special Concern
Euphyes dukesi	Dukes' skipper	Threatened
Euxoa aurulenta	Dune cutworm	Special Concern
Fixsenia favonius ontario	Northern hairstreak	Special Concern
Hemileuca maia	Barrens buckmoth	Special Concern
Hesperia ottoe	Ottoe skipper	Threatened
Heterocampa subrotata	Small heterocampa	Special Concern
Heteropacha rileyana	Riley's lappet moth	Special Concern
Incisalia henrici	Henry's elfin	Threatened
Incisalia irus	Frosted elfin	Threatened
Lycaeides idas nabokovi	Northern blue	Threatened
Lycaeides melissa samuelis	Karner blue	Threatened	Endangered
Merolonche dolli	Doll's merolonche	Special Concern
Meropleon ambifusca	Newman's brocade	Special Concern
Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii	Mitchell's satyr	Endangered	Endangered
Oarisma poweshiek	Poweshiek skipperling	Threatened	Candidate
Oeneis macounii	Macoun's arctic	Special Concern
Oncocnemis piffardi	Three-striped oncocnemis	Special Concern
Pachypolia atricornis	Three-horned moth	Special Concern
Papaipema aweme	Aweme borer	Special Concern
Papaipema beeriana	Blazing star borer	Special Concern
Papaipema cerina	Golden borer	Special Concern
Papaipema maritima	Maritime sunflower borer	Special Concern
Papaipema sciata	Culvers root borer	Special Concern
Papaipema silphii	Silphium borer moth	Threatened
Papaipema speciosissima	Regal fern borer	Special Concern
Phyciodes batesii	Tawny crescent	Special Concern
Polygonia gracilis	Hoary comma	Special Concern
Proserpinus flavofasciata	Yellow-banded day-sphinx	Special Concern
Pygarctia spraguei	Sprague's pygarctia	Special Concern
Pyrgus wyandot	Grizzled skipper	Special Concern
Schinia indiana	Phlox moth	Endangered
Schinia lucens	Leadplant flower moth	Endangered
Spartiniphaga inops	Spartina moth	Special Concern
Speyeria idalia	Regal fritillary	Endangered

Beetles

There are six species of threatened beetles in Michigan. Of these, three are species of special concern, one is threatened and one is endangered. One additional species is extinct in Michigan, although it previously had a viable population in the state. Two species of beetles with populations in Michigan are listed as federally endangered.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Brychius hungerfordi	Hungerford's crawling water beetle	Endangered	Endangered
Dryobius sexnotatus	Six-banded longhorn beetle	Threatened
Liodessus cantralli	Cantrall's bog beetle	Special Concern
Lordithon niger	Black lordithon rove beetle	Special Concern
Nicrophorus americanus	American burying beetle	Extinct	Endangered
Stenelmis douglasensis	Douglas Stenelmis riffle beetle	Special Concern

Cicadas and hoppers

There are seven species of threatened cicadas and hoppers with populations in Michigan. Of these, five are listed as species of special concern and two as threatened species. There are no federally listed species with populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Dorydiella kansana	Leafhopper	Special Concern
Flexamia delongi	Leafhopper	Special Concern
Flexamia huroni	Huron river leafhopper	Threatened
Flexamia reflexus	Leafhopper	Special Concern
Lepyronia angulifera	Angular spittlebug	Special Concern
Lepyronia gibbosa	Great plains spittlebug	Threatened
Prosapia ignipectus	Red-legged spittlebug	Special Concern

Damselflies and dragonflies

There are 15 species of threatened damselflies and dragonflies in Michigan. Of these, twelve are listed as species of special concern, two as threatened and one as endangered. The state-listed endangered species is also listed as federally endangered.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Cordulegaster erronea	Tiger spiketail	Special Concern
Gomphus lineatifrons	Splendid clubtail	Special Concern
Gomphus quadricolor	Rapids clubtail	Special Concern
Hetaerina titia	Smokey rubyspot	Special Concern
Ophiogomphus anomalus	Extra-striped snaketail	Special Concern
Ophiogomphus howei	Pygmy snaketail	Threatened
Somatochlora hineana	Hine's emerald	Endangered	Endangered
Somatochlora incurvata	Incurvate emerald	Special Concern
Stylurus amnicola	Riverine snaketail	Special Concern
Stylurus laurae	Laura's snaketail	Special Concern
Stylurus notatus	Elusive snaketail	Special Concern
Stylurus plagiatus	Russet-tipped clubtail	Special Concern
Tachopteryx thoreyi	Grey petaltail	Threatened
Williamsonia fletcheri	Ebony boghaunter	Special Concern
Williamsonia lintneri	Ringed boghaunter	Special Concern

Grasshoppers and crickets

There are 14 species of threatened grasshoppers and crickets in Michigan. Thirteen of these are listed as species of special concern, while the remaining species is listed as threatened. There are no federally listed species with populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Appalachia arcana	Secretive locust	Special Concern
Atlanticus davisi	Davis's shield-bearer	Special Concern
Melanoplus flavidus	Blue-legged locust	Special Concern
Neoconocephalus lyristes	Bog conehead	Special Concern
Neoconocephalus retusus	Conehead grasshopper	Special Concern
Oecanthus laricis	Tamarack tree cricket	Special Concern
Oecanthus pini	Pinetree cricket	Special Concern
Orchelimum concinnum	Red-faced meadow katydid	Special Concern
Orchelimum delicatum	Delicate meadow katydid	Special Concern
Orphulella pelidna	Green desert grasshopper	Special Concern
Paroxya hoosieri	Hoosier locust	Special Concern
Psinidia fenestralis	Atlantic-coast locust	Special Concern
Scudderia fasciata	Pine katydid	Special Concern
Trimerotropis huroniana	Lake Huron locust	Threatened

Bees

There are two species of threatened bees in Michigan, both of which are members of the genus Bombus and are listed as species of special concern. There are no federally listed bee species with populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Bombus affinis	Rusty-patched bumble bee	Special Concern
Bombus terricola	Yellow banded bumble bee	Special Concern

Caddisflies

There is one species of threatened caddisfly in Michigan, which is listed as a species of special concern and is not found on the federal listing of endangered species.

Species	Common name	State status
Limnephilus pallens	No common name	Special Concern

Dobsonflies and fishflies

There is one species of threatened dobsonfly in Michigan and no species of threatened fishflies. The single threatened member of this group is listed as a species of special concern, and is not found on the federal listing.

Species	Common name	State status
Neohermes concolor	No common name	Special Concern

Mayflies

There are three species of threatened mayflies with populations in Michigan, all of which are listed as species of special concern. None are found on the federal listing.

Species	Common name	State status
Anthopotamus verticis	Walker's tusked sprawler	Special Concern
Epeorus suffusus	No common name	Special Concern
Habrophlebiodes americana	No common name	Special Concern

Freshwater mussels

There are 28 species and subspecies of threatened freshwater mussels in Michigan. Of these, 9 are species of special concern, 6 are listed as threatened and 13 are endangered. Six are also federally listed as endangered.

Species	Common name	State status	Federal status
Alasmidonta marginata	Elktoe	Special Concern
Alasmidonta viridis	Slippershell mussel	Threatened
Cyclonaias tuberculata	Purple wartyback	Threatened
Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua	White catspaw	Endangered	Endangered
Epioblasma torulosa rangiana	Northern riffleshell	Endangered	Endangered
Epioblasma triquetra	Snuffbox	Endangered	Endangered
Lampsilis fasciola	Wavy-rayed lampmussel	Threatened
Leptodea leptodon	Scaleshell	Special Concern	Endangered
Ligumia nasuta	Eastern pondmussel	Endangered
Ligumia recta	Black sandshell	Endangered
Obliquaria reflexa	Threehorn wartyback	Endangered
Obovaria olivaria	Hickorynut	Endangered
Obovaria subrotunda	Round hickorynut	Endangered
Pleurobema clava	Clubshell	Endangered	Endangered
Pleurobema sintoxia	Round pigtoe	Special Concern
Potamilus ohiensis	Pink papershell	Threatened
Ptychobranchus fasciolaris	Kidney shell	Special Concern
Pyganodon lacustris	Lake floater	Special Concern
Pyganodon subgibbosa	Round lake floater	Threatened
Simpsonaias ambigua	Salamander mussel	Endangered
Toxolasma lividus	Purple lilliput	Endangered
Toxolasma parvus	lilliput	Endangered
Truncilla donaciformis	Fawnsfoot	Threatened
Truncilla truncata	Deertoe	Special Concern
Utterbackia imbecillis	Paper pondshell	Special Concern
Venustaconcha ellipsiformis	Ellipse	Special Concern
Villosa fabalis	Rayed bean	Endangered	Endangered
Villosa iris	Rainbow	Special Concern

Land and freshwater snails

There are 61 species and subspecies of threatened land and freshwater snails in Michigan. Of these, 38 are species of special concern, 10 are listed as threatened and 13 are listed as endangered. No federally listed species of snails have populations in Michigan.

Species	Common name	State status
Acella haldemani	Spindle lymnaea	Special Concern
Anguispira kochi	Banded globe	Special Concern
Appalachina sayanus	Spike-lip crater	Special Concern
Birgella subglobosus	Globe siltsnail	Special Concern
Carychium nannodes	File thorn	Special Concern
Catinella exile	Pleistocene catinella	Threatened
Catinella gelida	No common name	Threatened
Catinella protracta	No common name	Endangered
Cincinnatia cincinnatiensis	Campeloma spire snail	Special Concern
Discus patulus	Domed disc	Special Concern
Euchemotrema hubrichti	Carinate pillsnail	Threatened
Euconulus alderi	No common name	Threatened
Fontigens nickliniana	Watercress snail	Special Concern
Fossaria cyclostoma	Bugle fossaria	Threatened
Fossaria galbana	Boreal fossaria	Special Concern
Gastrocopta holzingeri	Lambda snaggletooth snail	Endangered
Glyphyalinia solida	No common name	Special Concern
Guppya sterkii	Sterki's granule	Endangered
Hawaiia alachuana	Southeastern gem	Special Concern
Helicodiscus singleyanus	Smooth coil	Special Concern
Helisoma anceps royalense	Lake Superior ramshorn	Special Concern
Hendersonia occulta	Cherrystone drop	Threatened
Lyogyrus walkeri	Canadian duskysnail	Special Concern
Mesodon clausus	Yellow globelet	Special Concern
Mesodon elevatus	Proud globe	Threatened
Mesodon mitchellianus	Sealed globelet	Special Concern
Mesodon pennsylvanicus	Proud globelet	Special Concern
Mesomphix cupreus	Copper button	Special Concern
Oxyloma peoriense	Depressed ambersnail	Special Concern
Pallifera fosteri	Foster mantleslug	Threatened
Philomycus carolinianus	Carolina Mantleslug	Special Concern
Physella magnalacustris	Great Lakes physa	Special Concern
Physella parkeri	Broadshoulder physa	Threatened
Planogyra asteriscus	Eastern flat-whorl	Special Concern
Planorbella multivolvis	Acorn ramshorn	Endangered
Planorbella smithi	No common name	Endangered
Pomatiopsis cincinnatiensis	Brown walker	Special Concern
Pupilla muscorum	Widespread column	Special Concern
Pyrgulopsis letsoni	Gravel pyrg	Special Concern
Stagnicola contracta	Deepwater pondsnail	Endangered
Stagnicola petoskeyensis	Petoskey pondsnail	Endangered
Stagnicola woodruffi	Coldwater pondsnail	Special Concern
Striatura meridionalis	Median striate	Special Concern
Vallonia gracilicosta albula	No common name	Endangered
Vallonia parvula	Trumpet vallonia	Special Concern
Valvata perdepressa	Purplecap valvata	Special Concern
Valvata winnebagoensis	Flanged valvata	Special Concern
Ventridens intertextus	Pyramid dome	Special Concern
Ventridens suppressus	Flat dome	Special Concern
Vertigo bollesiana	Delicate vertigo	Threatened
Vertigo cristata	Crested vertigo	Special Concern
Vertigo elatior	Tapered vertigo	Special Concern
Vertigo hubrichti	Hubricht's vertigo	Endangered
Vertigo modesta modesta	No common name	Endangered
Vertigo modesta parietalis	No common name	Endangered
Vertigo morsei	Six-whorl vertigo	Endangered
Vertigo nylanderi	Deep-throat vertigo	Endangered
Vertigo paradoxa	Mystery vertigo	Special Concern
Vertigo pygmaea	Crested vertigo	Special Concern
Vertigo tridentata	Honey vertigo	Special Concern
Xolotrema denotata	Velvet wedge	Special Concern

Fingernail and pea clams

There are seven threatened species of fingernail and pea clams in Michigan, all listed as species of special concern. None of the species with populations in Michigan are federally listed as threatened.

Species	Common name	State status
Pisidium amnicum	Greater European pea clam	Special Concern
Pisidium cruciatum	Ornamanted pea clam	Special Concern
Pisidium equilaterale	Round pea clam	Special Concern
Pisidium idahoense	Giant northern pea clam	Special Concern
Pisidium simplex	No common name	Special Concern
Sphaerium corneum	European pea clam	Special Concern
Sphaerium fabale	River fingernail clam	Special Concern

See also

• List of fauna of Michigan

Notes

References

General

• "Michigan's Special Animals". Michigan State University. Retrieved 2012-07-27. 
• "Threatened and Endangered Species" (PDF). Michigan Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Division. Retrieved 2012-07-27. 
• "Endangered, Threatened, Proposed and Candidate Species". US Fish and Wildlife Service. March 2012. Retrieved 2012-07-29. 

Specific

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