List of state leaders in 994

See also
List of state leaders in 993 Events of 994 List of state leaders in 995 State leaders by year

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 994.

Africa

Fatimid Caliphate – Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah (975–996)
- Ifriqiya – Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin, Zirid Viceroy (984–995)

Asia

Byzantine Empire – Basil II Bulgaroktonus (976–1025)
China (Northern Song Dynasty) – Emperor Taizong (976–997)
Japan (Muromachi period) –
- Monarch – Emperor Ichijō (986–1011)
- Regent (Kampaku) – Fujiwara no Michitaka, Kampaku (993–995); Sesshō (990–993)
Khitan Empire – Shengzong (982–1031)
Korea (Goryeo Kingdom) – Seongjong (981–997)

Europe

Bulgaria -
- Roman I, Tsar of Bulgaria (977–997)
- Samuil, Tsar of Bulgaria (977–1014)
Kingdom of Burgundy - Rudolf III (993–1032)
- County of Burgundy - Otto-William (982–1026)
- County of Provence -
  - Rotbold II (968–1008)
  - William II (993–1018)
Byzantine Empire - Basil II the Bulgar-slayer (976–1025)
Caucasus
- Bagratuni Kingdom of Armenia - Gagik I (989–1020)
- Kingdom of Georgia -
  1. Bagrat II (958–994)
  2. Gurgen (994–1008)
- Principality of Kakheti - David (976–1010)
- Klarjeti - Sumbat III, Prince of Klarjeti (993–1011)
Kingdom of Croatia - Stephen Držislav (969–997)
Kingdom of Denmark - Sweyn I (985/986–1014)
Kingdom of England – Æthelred the Unready (978–1013)
France - Hugh Capet, King of France (987–996)
- County of Angoulême - William IV (988–1028)
- County of Anjou - Fulk III (987–1040)
- Duchy of Aquitaine - William IV (963–995)
- County of Blois - Odo I (975–995)
- Duchy of Brittany - Geoffrey I (992–1008)
- Duchy of Burgundy - Eudes-Henry (965–1002)
- County of Flanders - Baldwin IV (987–1035)
- County of Maine - Hugh III (992–1015)
- Duchy of Normandy - Richard I (942–996)
- County of Toulouse - William III Taillefer (978–1037)
- County of Vermandois - Herbert III (987–1000)
Duchy of Gascony - William II (c. 961–996)
Holy Roman Empire - Otto III, King of Germany (983–1002)
- Duchy of Bavaria - Henry II the Wrangler (985–995)
  - March of Austria -
    1. Leopold I (976–994)
    2. Henry I (994–1018)
  - March of the Nordgau - Henry of Schweinfurt (994–1004)
- Duchy of Bohemia - Boleslaus II (972–999)
- Duchy of Carinthia - Henry II the Wrangler (989–995)
- Duchy of Lower Lorraine - Otto (977–1012)
  - County of Frisia - Dirk III (993–1039)
  - County of Mons - Godfrey I (974–998)
  - County of Namur - Albert I (c. 981–1011)
- Duchy of Upper Lorraine - Theodoric I (978–1026/1027)
  - County of Bar - Theodoric I (978–1026/1027)
  - County of Luxembourg - Siegfried (963–998)
- County Palatine of Lotharingia - Hermann I (985–996)
- Duchy of Saxony - Bernard I (973–1011)
  - Saxon Eastern March - Gero II (993–1015)
  - Northern March - Lothair (983–1003)
  - March of Meissen - Ekkehard I (985–1002)
- Duchy of Swabia - Conrad I (983–997)
Hungarian tribal federation - Geza, Grand Prince of the Hungarians (c. 972–997)
Ireland - Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland (980–1002)
- Ailech - Áed mac Domnaill Ua Néill, King of Ailech (989–1004)
- Connacht - Cathal mac Conchobar mac Taidg, King of Connacht (973–1010)
- Uí Maine - Tadhg Mór Ua Cellaigh, King of Uí Maine (985–1014)
- Leinster - Donnchad mac Domnall Claen, King of Leinster (984–1003)
- Kingdom of Mide - Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill (c. 975–1022)
- Munster - Brian Boru, King of Munster (978–1014)
Italy -
- Duchy of Amalfi - Manso I (966–1004)
- Principality of Benevento - Pandulf II (981–1014)
- Principality of Capua - Laidulf (993–999)
- Catepanate of Italy - John Ammiropoulos (988–998)
- Duchy of Gaeta - John III (984–1008)
- March of Ivrea - Arduin (c. 990–1015)
- March of Montferrat - William III (991–1042)
- Duchy of Naples - Sergius III (992–997)
- Papal States - Pope John XV (985–996)
- Principality of Salerno -
  1. John II (983–994)
  2. Guaimar III (994–1027)
- Emirate of Sicily - Yusuf al-Kalbi (990–998)
- Duchy of Spoleto - Hugh of Tuscany (989–996)
- March of Tuscany - Hugh (961–1001)
- Republic of Venice - Pietro II Orseolo, Doge of Venice (991–1009)
Kievan Rus' - Vladimir I (980–1015)
- Principality of Polotsk - Izyaslav (989–1001)
Kingdom of Norway - Haakon Sigurdsson (970–995)
Poland - Bolesław I the Brave, Duke of Poland (992–1025)
Kingdom of Alba (Scotland) - Kenneth II (971–995)
Serbia - Petrislav, Duke of Zeta, (c. 992–1000)
Spain -
- County of Barcelona - Ramon Borrell (993–1017)
- County of Castile - García Fernández (970–995)
- Caliphate of Córdoba -
  - Hisham II, Caliph of Córdoba (976–1009)
  - Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir, Hajib (978–1002)
- Kingdom of León - Bermudo II (984–999)
  - County of Portugal - Gonçalo I Mendes (c. 950–997)
- Kingdom of Pamplona -
  1. Sancho II Abarca (970–994)
  2. García Sánchez II (994–1004)
  - Kingdom of Viguera - Sancho Ramírez (c. 991–c. 1002)
- County of Urgell - Ermengol I (993–1011)
Kingdom of Sweden - Eric the Victorious (970–995)
Wales -
- Deheubarth - Maredudd ab Owain, Prince of Deheubarth (987–999)
- Kingdom of Gwynedd - Maredudd ab Owain (986–999)
- Kingdom of Powys - Maredudd ab Owain (987–999)

Middle East

Abbasid Caliphate – At-Ta'i (991–1031)
Byzantine Empire – Basil II (976–1025)
Persia
- Fars (Buwayhids) – Samsam al-Daula, Emir (989–998)
- Hamadan (Buwayhids) – Fakhr al-Daula, Emir (984–997)
- Samanids – Nuh II (976–997)
- Seistan (Saffarids) – Wali-ud-Dawlah Khalaf I (963–1003)