List of state leaders in 491 BC

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 491 BC.

The column "Title" refers to being of the state in question (e.g. "Emperor" under the heading "Japan" means "Emperor of Japan") unless otherwise stated.

Africa

Carthage

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Hamilcar I King Magonids 510 BC 480 BC

Cyrene

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Battus IV King Battiad dynasty 515 BC 465 BC

Kush

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Amaniastabarqa King 510 BC 487 BC

Middle East and Asia Minor

Armenia

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Hidarnes II King Orontid dynasty Beginning of the 5th century BC

Persia

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Darius I King Achaemenid dynasty 522 BC October 486 BC

At this time, the Persian rulers were also rulers of the following conquered countries:

Asia

Arakan (Burma)

Mythological monarchs

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Thiha Ran King Second Danyawaddy 537 BC 491 BC
Sovereign Thiha Nu King Second Danyawaddy 491 BC 471 BC

China

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Jing King Zhou dynasty 519 BC 476 BC [1]

Vassal states

State Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Cai Sovereign Zhao Marquis Ji 518 BC 491 BC [2]
Cao Sovereign Cao Bo Yang Duke 501 BC 487 BC [3]
Chen Sovereign Min Duke 501 BC 478 BC [4]
Chu Sovereign Zhao King Mi 515 BC 489 BC [5]
Jin Sovereign Ding Duke Ji 511 BC 475 BC [6]
Lu Sovereign Ai Duke Ji 494 BC 468 BC [7]
Qi Sovereign Jing Duke Jiang 547 BC 490 BC [8]
Qi (Henan) Sovereign Li Duke 505 BC 487 BC [9]
Qin Sovereign Hui I Duke Ying 500 BC 491 BC [10]
Song Sovereign Jing Duke 516 BC 469 BC [11]
Teng Sovereign Qing Duke 512 BC 491 BC [12]
Wey Sovereign Chu Duke 492 BC 481 BC [13]
Wu Sovereign Fuchai King Zhou 495 BC 473 BC [14]
Yan Sovereign Xiao Duke 492 BC 455 BC [15]
Yue Sovereign Gou Jian King 491 BC 464 BC [16]
Zheng Sovereign Sheng Duke 500 BC 463 BC [17]

Gojoseon (Korea)

Legendary monarchs

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Ilmin King 503 BC 486 BC

Japan

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Itoku Emperor 510 BC 8 September 476 BC

Magadha Empire (India)

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Bimbisara Emperor Haryanka dynasty 543 BC 491 BC
Sovereign Ajatasatru Emperor Haryanka dynasty 491 BC 461 BC

Upatissa Nuwara (Sri Lanka)

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Panduvasdeva King Vijaya 504 BC 474 BC

Europe

Athens

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Diognetus Archon 492 BC 491 BC
Sovereign Hybrilides Archon 491 BC 490 BC

Ireland

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Óengus Ollom High King Milesians 499 BC 481 BC

Macedonia

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Alexander I King Argead dynasty 498 BC 454 BC

Roman Republic

Type Name Title Political group From To Refs
Sovereign M. Minucius Augurinus Consul 491 BC
Sovereign A. Sempronius Atratinus Consul 491 BC

Sparta

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Cleomenes I King Agiad 520 BC 490 BC
Sovereign Demaratus King Eurypontid 515 BC 491 BC
Sovereign Leotychidas King Eurypontid 491 BC 469 BC

Syracuse

Type Name Title Royal house From To Refs
Sovereign Gelo Tyrant 491 BC 478 BC

References