List of state leaders in 1880

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1880.

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
• Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
• Ethiopian Empire – Yohannes IV (1871–1889)
• Liberia – Anthony W. Gardiner, President of Liberia (1878–1883)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph – Mu'adh bin Bello (1877–1881)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye (c.1874–1886)
• Sultanate of Zanzibar – Barghash ibn Sa'id (1870–1888)

Asia

• Abu Dhabi – Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
• Emirate of Afghanistan – Abdur Rahman Khan (1880–1901)
  • Ghazni
    1. Musa Jan Khan, Emir of Ghazni (1879–1880)
    2. Returned to Afghanistan on 21 April
• China (Qing dynasty) - Guangxu (1875–1908)
• Empire of Japan – Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
• Korea (Joseon dynasty) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Sultanate of Oman – Turki bin Said (1871–1888)
• Kingdom of Siam – (Chakri Dynasty) - Chulalongkorn (1868–1910)
• Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty) - Tự Đức, Emperor (1847–1883)

Europe

• Austria–Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria - Count Eduard von Taaffe (1879–1893)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza (1875–1890)
• Kingdom of Belgium
  • Monarch – Léopold II (1865–1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
• Principality of Bulgaria – Alexander I Joseph (1879–1886)
• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
• French Third Republic –
  • President - Jules Grévy (1879–1887)
  • President of the Council -
    1. Charles de Freycinet (1879–1880)
    2. Jules Ferry (1880–1881)
• German Empire –
  • Monarch – Wilhelm I, Kaiser (1871–1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck (1871–1890)
  • Kingdom of Prussia –
    • Monarch – Wilhelm I (1861–1888)
    • Minister President – Prince Otto von Bismarck (1873–1890)
  • Kingdom of Bavaria – Ludwig II (1864–1886)
  • Kingdom of Saxony – Albert (1873–1902)
  • Kingdom of Württemberg – Karl (1864–1891)
• Kingdom of Greece –
  • Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Alexandros Koumoundouros (1878–1880)
    2. Charilaos Trikoupis (1880)
    3. Alexandros Koumoundouros (1880–1882)
• Kingdom of Italy –
  • Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)
  • Prime Minister - Benedetto Cairoli (1879–1881)
• Grand Duchy of Luxembourg –
  • Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister – Félix de Blochausen (1874–1885)
• Kingdom of the Netherlands –
  • Monarch – William III (1849–1890)
  • Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers - Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879–1883)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan – Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
  • Chief Minister -
    1. Mehmed Said Pasha (1880–1880)
    2. Cenani Mehmet Kadri Pasha (1880–1880)
    3. Mehmed Said Pasha (second time) (18880–1882)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
  • Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
  • President of the Council of Ministers - Anselmo José Braamcamp (1879–1881)
• Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
• Kingdom of Spain –
  • Monarch – Alfonso XII (1874–1885)
  • Prime Minister - Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
• Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
  • Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Louis Gerhard De Geer (1876–1880)
    2. Arvid Posse (1880–1883)
• Kingdom of Tavolara – Paolo I (1845–1886)
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland –
  • Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (1868, 1874–1880)
    2. William Ewart Gladstone (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886, 1892–1894)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada –
  • Prime Minister - John A. Macdonald (1878–1891)
• Costa Rica – Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
• United States – Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877–1881)

Oceania

• Kingdom of Hawaii – Kalākaua (1874–1891)
• Niue – Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
• Samoa –
  1. Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
  2. Malietoa Laupepa, Malietoa (1880–1898)
• Tahiti –
  1. Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
  2. Pōmare V, King of Tahiti (1877–1880)
• Tonga –
  • Monarch – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Tevita 'Unga (1876–1880)
  2. Shirley Waldemar Baker (1880–1890)

South America

• Argentina
  1. Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874–1880)
  2. Julio Argentino Roca, President of Argentina (1880–1886)
• Empire of Brazil –
  • Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
  • President of the cabinet of ministers –
    1. João Lins Cansanção, Viscount of Sinimbu (1878–1880)
    2. José Antônio Saraiva (1880–1882)
• Uruguay –
  1. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1879–1880)
  2. Francisco Antonino Vidal, President of Uruguay (1880–1882)