List of state leaders in 1688

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1688.

Africa

• Kingdom of Bamum – Koutou, Sultan of Bamum (1672–1757)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Akaba (1685–1708)
• Ethiopian Empire – Iyasu I (1682–1706)
• Wolof Empire – Bakar Penda (1670–1711)

Asia

• China (Qing dynasty) - Kangxi Emperor (1662–1722)
• Garhwal – Fateh Shah, King of Garhwal (1684–1716)
• Guler State – Gopal of Guler, Raja
• Hindur – Hari Chand, Raja of Hindur
• Empire of Japan –
  • Monarch – Emperor Higashiyama (1687–1709)
  • Tokugawa shogunate – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1680–1709)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Tei (1669–1709)
• Jaswal – Kesari Chand, Raja of Jaswal
• Katoch – Kirpal of Katoch, Maharaja
• Joseon (Korea) - Sukjong (1674–1720)
• Mughal Empire – Aurangzeb (1658–1707)
• Sirmoor State – Mat Prakash, Raja of Sirmur (1684–1704)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark–Norway – Christian V (1670–1699)
• Kingdom of England – James II (1685–1689)
• Kingdom of France – Louis XIV (1643–1715)
• Holy Roman Empire – Leopold I (1658–1705)
• Electors
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Maximilian II Emanuel
  • Kingdom of Bohemia - Leopold I (1657–1705)
  • Electorate of Brandenburg – Frederick I of Prussia, (as Frederick III) (1688–1713)
  • Electorate of Cologne –
  • Electorate of Mainz –
  • Electorate of Saxony -
  • Electorate of Trier –
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Süleyman II, Ottoman Sultan (1687–1691)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland (1674–1696)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Pedro II (1667–1706)
• Tsardom of Russia – Peter I and Ivan V (1682–1696)
• Duchy of Savoy – Victor Amadeus II (1675–1730)
• Kingdom of Scotland – James VII (1685–1689)
• Kingdom of Spain – Charles II (1665–1700)
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Cosimo III de' Medici (1670–1723)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - Prince William III of Orange, Stadtholder of Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1672–1702)
    • Holland – Grand Pensionary
      1. Gaspar Fagel (1672–1688)
      2. Michiel ten Hove (1688–1689)